Aims: To screen for the predominant bacteria strains distributed in clean rooms and to analyze their phylogenetic relationships. Methods and Results: The bacteria distributed in air, surfaces and personnel in clean ro...Aims: To screen for the predominant bacteria strains distributed in clean rooms and to analyze their phylogenetic relationships. Methods and Results: The bacteria distributed in air, surfaces and personnel in clean rooms were routinely moni-tored using agar plates. Five isolates frequently isolated from the clean rooms of an aseptic pharmaceutical production workshop were selected based on their colony and cell morphology characteristics. Their physiological and biochemical properties, as well as partial 16S rDNA sequences, were analyzed. Results showed that all the five isolates belong to Gram positive bacteria, of which three were Staphylococcus, one Microbacterium and one Bacillus species. Sensitivity tests for these bacteria isolates to 3 disin-fectants showed that isolate F03 was obtuse, and had low susceptivity to UV irradiation, while isolates F02, F01 and F04 were not sensitive to phenol treatment. Isolates F04, F01 and F05 were resistant to chlorhexidine gluconate. Conclusion: Bacteria widely distributed in clean rooms are mainly a group of Gram positive strains, showing high resistance to selected disinfectants. Sig-nificance and impact of the study: Clean rooms are essential in aseptic pharmaceutical and food production. Screening bacteria isolates and identifying them is part of good manufacturing practices, and will aid in finding a more effective disinfection method.展开更多
Cleanroom software engineering has been proven effective in improving software development quality while at the same time increasing reliability. To adapt to large software system development, the paper presents an ex...Cleanroom software engineering has been proven effective in improving software development quality while at the same time increasing reliability. To adapt to large software system development, the paper presents an extended the Cleanroom model, which integrates object-oriented method based on stimulus history, reversed engineering idea, automatic testing and reliability assessment into software development. The paper discusses the architecture and realizing technology of ECM.展开更多
Objective To analyze the factors that impact the environment quality of cleaning operating room and to discuss improvement measurement. Methods Environment bacteria testing results and prevalence of surgical incision ...Objective To analyze the factors that impact the environment quality of cleaning operating room and to discuss improvement measurement. Methods Environment bacteria testing results and prevalence of surgical incision infection in cleaning operating room were retro-展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Facemask is an essential component of the surgical outfit adorned by operating room staff to filter microorganisms by droplets from the oral and nasopharynx of the personnel, t...<strong>Background:</strong> Facemask is an essential component of the surgical outfit adorned by operating room staff to filter microorganisms by droplets from the oral and nasopharynx of the personnel, thereby reducing contamination, protecting the patient’s wound and minimising the risk of Surgical Site Infections (SSI). <strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this review was to explore the available evidence and provide a better understanding of the effect of a surgical facemask in preventing SSI in clean surgery performed in the operating room. <strong>Data sources: </strong>Key electronic databases related to nursing, allied health, life science, biomedicine and research were searched for published literature on the use of facemask in the operating room. <strong>Methodology:</strong> A systematic review of quantitative research studies of randomised controlled trials was conducted with a meta-analysis of the results. <strong>Results: </strong>No variation in the rate of infection between the two (masked and unmasked) groups. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effect of facemask in minimising SSI after clean surgery remains questionable due to the limited results. More comprehensive research is needed.展开更多
基金Project (No. 30371703) supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China
文摘Aims: To screen for the predominant bacteria strains distributed in clean rooms and to analyze their phylogenetic relationships. Methods and Results: The bacteria distributed in air, surfaces and personnel in clean rooms were routinely moni-tored using agar plates. Five isolates frequently isolated from the clean rooms of an aseptic pharmaceutical production workshop were selected based on their colony and cell morphology characteristics. Their physiological and biochemical properties, as well as partial 16S rDNA sequences, were analyzed. Results showed that all the five isolates belong to Gram positive bacteria, of which three were Staphylococcus, one Microbacterium and one Bacillus species. Sensitivity tests for these bacteria isolates to 3 disin-fectants showed that isolate F03 was obtuse, and had low susceptivity to UV irradiation, while isolates F02, F01 and F04 were not sensitive to phenol treatment. Isolates F04, F01 and F05 were resistant to chlorhexidine gluconate. Conclusion: Bacteria widely distributed in clean rooms are mainly a group of Gram positive strains, showing high resistance to selected disinfectants. Sig-nificance and impact of the study: Clean rooms are essential in aseptic pharmaceutical and food production. Screening bacteria isolates and identifying them is part of good manufacturing practices, and will aid in finding a more effective disinfection method.
文摘Cleanroom software engineering has been proven effective in improving software development quality while at the same time increasing reliability. To adapt to large software system development, the paper presents an extended the Cleanroom model, which integrates object-oriented method based on stimulus history, reversed engineering idea, automatic testing and reliability assessment into software development. The paper discusses the architecture and realizing technology of ECM.
文摘Objective To analyze the factors that impact the environment quality of cleaning operating room and to discuss improvement measurement. Methods Environment bacteria testing results and prevalence of surgical incision infection in cleaning operating room were retro-
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Facemask is an essential component of the surgical outfit adorned by operating room staff to filter microorganisms by droplets from the oral and nasopharynx of the personnel, thereby reducing contamination, protecting the patient’s wound and minimising the risk of Surgical Site Infections (SSI). <strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this review was to explore the available evidence and provide a better understanding of the effect of a surgical facemask in preventing SSI in clean surgery performed in the operating room. <strong>Data sources: </strong>Key electronic databases related to nursing, allied health, life science, biomedicine and research were searched for published literature on the use of facemask in the operating room. <strong>Methodology:</strong> A systematic review of quantitative research studies of randomised controlled trials was conducted with a meta-analysis of the results. <strong>Results: </strong>No variation in the rate of infection between the two (masked and unmasked) groups. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effect of facemask in minimising SSI after clean surgery remains questionable due to the limited results. More comprehensive research is needed.
