A cleaner production strategy for acid mine drainage prevention of waste rock:A porphyry copper case

An in-process technology approach is proposed to identify the source of acid mine drainage(AMD)generation and prevent its formation in a porphyry copper waste rock(WR).Adopting actions before stockpiling the WR enables the establishment of potential contaminants and predicts the more convenient method for AMD prevention.A WR sample was separated into size fractions,and the WR’s net acidgenerating potential was quantified using chemical and mineralogical characterization.The diameter of physical locking of sulfides(DPLS)was determined,and the fractions below the DPLS were desulfurized using flotation.Finally,the WR fractions and tailing from the flotation test were submitted to acid-base accounting and weathering tests to evaluate their acid-generating potential.Results show that the WR’s main sulfide mineral is pyrite,and the DPLS was defined as 850μm.A sulfide recovery of 91%was achieved using a combination of HydroFloat^(®)and Denver cells for a size fraction lower than DPLS.No grinding was conducted.The results show that size fractions greater than DPLS and the desulfurized WR are unlikely to produce AMD.The outcomes show that in-processing technology can be a more proactive approach and an effective tool for avoiding AMD in a porphyry copper WR.

From Less or No Waste Manufacturing and Cleaner Production to Recycle Economy -- A Review on the Theoretical Research and Practice of Ecological Enterprises in China

Based on systematical research on the conception evolution of ecological enterprise, theoretical and practical development of constructing ecological enterprise, the paper makes conclusion that ecological enter- prises are developing into a new stage in which governments are launching some pilot projects about construct- ing ecological enterprises. And after that, governments should make policies to spread construction of ecological enterprises, to construct ecological enterprises in legal system and conforming to the standard as soon as possibly. So that, the basic units of ecological economy that fit to the conditions of China will be set up.

IMPLEMENTATION OF CLEANER PRODUCTION STRATEGIES TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE CITY

Rapid urbanization and growing size of cities will have an increasing impact on the global environment in the 21st century. As an engine of urban development to drive economic growth and technological innovations, industry has moved its focus from controlling environmental hazards to stimulating sustainable industrial development throughout the entire product lifecycle. These process- and technology-driven innovations for industrial production are prerequisites for enhancement of urban environment and sustainable development of cities. In this review, problems of environment and resources scarcity associated with rapid urbanization are demonstrated. And, on the basis of expatiations on the concepts and policies of the cleaner production(CP) and other similar initiatives with the goal of preventing pollution at the source and of managing the raw material more efficiently, two different ways to link the practice of cleaner production in industrial sector with performance of urban environment are discussed in detail. Then, the introduction, practice and legislation of CP strategies in China are outlined, and possibility for China to develop CPC (Cleaner Practices for Cities) approaches in the demonstration cities is discussed. Finally, some suggestions on implementation of CPC strategies are put forward.

Vector cleaner:一种新的去除测序目的基因载体序列的方法

Sanger测序法测序目的基因常包含有目的基因和载体序列,为了快速去除测序目的基因载体序列,提出了一种新的目的基因载体序列去除方法并开发了程序Vector cleaner。首先利用该程序批量读取引物信息和目的基因测序序列;其次,程序在所读取的引物序列上建立引物半长的滑动窗口来产生种子,通过计数种子与测序序列的匹配次数,定位引物位置和删除引物两侧的载体序列;最后,程序通过比较上游引物序列和其反向互补序列分别与测序序列匹配种子数,判断和转换正义链。使用Vector cleaner对12条GhVIN1基因测序序列进行去载体测试,并与Seqclean和SeqMan软件相比较。结果表明:Vector cleaner能有效去除棉花GhVIN1基因测序载体序列,识别并翻译反义链序列。与Seqclean和SeqMan软件相比较,Vector cleaner正确率高,敏感性强。Vector cleaner、SeqMan和Seqclean所测试序列的总序列数正确率分别为100%、100%和91.6%,总碱基正确率分别为99.90%、99.00%和94.33%。与同类软件比较,Vector cleaner更适合实验人员批量去除测序目的基因载体序列,具有准确率高、敏感性强、自动翻译反义链的特点。

JP-cleaner型清洁机器人控制系统设计

介绍了一种JPcleaner型清洁机器人的控制系统,包括主控电路、执行机构以及传感器电路3个子系统.该控制系统以通用性和功能完备为目标,使机器人具备了智能清洁的能力.

A cleaner two-step synthesis of high purity diallyldimethylammonium chloride monomers for flocculant preparation

In order to improve the flocculation efficiency of polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride（PDADMAC）, high molecular weight PDADMAC should be prepared from high purity diallyldimethylammonium chloride（DADMAC） monomers. In this paper, a cleaner method with microwave irradiation and alkali solidification was proposed for preparing high pure DADMAC by selective heating under low temperature, and the prepared high purity DADMAC is characterized using FTIR and atomic absorption spectrometry. The new method provides a solution to the key technical problem of PDADMAC synthesis. Comparing with the conventional methods, the results showed that the advantages of the novel synthesis include： （a） high purity DADMAC is improved from 57% to 71% ; （b） reaction time of tertiary amine preparation is shortened from 6 h to 7 min; （c） water instead of acetone was used as reaction medium; （d） toxic by-products, wastewater and waste gas are eliminated. Flocculant made from the synthesized high purity DADMAC monomers was proved more efficient in flocculation tests.

Virtual design and performance prediction of a silencing air cleaner used in an I.C.engine intake system

This paper reports results of the authors’ studies on the virtual design method used in the development of low noise intake system of I.C. engine. The resulting high pass-by noise at level above the legislative target at full throttle when engine speed was around 5200 r/min necessitated a BEM-aided redesign task, following the typical process of design and development of an intake system. During the initial design, based on the acoustic theory and the requirements (1. The air flux of the redesigned should equal to or exceed the value of the original flux; 2. The filtering area must not be degraded), and considering the constraint of space in the engine compartment, total volume and rough internal dimensions were determined. During the detailed design, the exact internal dimensions of the air cleaner were determined, and an effective method was applied to improve the acoustic performance at low frequency. The predicted sound power of the intake system indicated that the objective of reducing the overall engine noise by minimizing intake system noise was achieved.

Relationship between ecological economics and circular economy,eco-industry,cleaner production,and other relevant categories

Eco-industry, circular economy, cleaner production, industrial ecology or industrial ecosystem and other subjects are all categories related to sustainable developinent. This paper studies the relations and differences between the four categories and sustainable development as well as ecological economics. Circular economy, eco-industry, industrial ecosystem and cleaner production were put forward during the revolution in “end treatment pattern” of traditional industrial society. Industrial ecology, eco-industry and circular economy theory are three content expansions of cleaner production. Ecological economics is of instructive function theoretically and methodologically for circular economy, eco-industrial, cleaner production and industrial ecology. Circular economy theory is easier to be accepted, compared with ecological economics theory. And circular economy in nature is the complete application of ecological economics theory.

Cleaner and convenient preparation of 3-（4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yloxy）-2-methyl-phenol

Environmental concerns have highlighted the need of cleaner technologies. A cleaner, convenient and selective technology has been developed for the preparation of 3-(4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yloxy)-2-methyl-phenol (DPMP) from 2-methyl-benzene-1,3-diol in water as solvent. The isolated yield of DPMP is up to 86% in good selectivity. The product structure was characterized by conventional methods, H-NMR and MS. This technology belongs to the modern concept of 1 environmentally friendly low wastes or non-wastes technology (LWNWT).

Design of policy mechanism to promote cleaner production in China

In order to promote cleaner production in China, a package of policy options was presented based on the identification of the barriers encountered in the CP demonstration project and the effectiveness and feasibility of policy options for the CP implementation were analyzed. Furthermore, the policy mechanism framework was given, which composes of compulsory, economic incentive, social pressure and supportive function. Finally, the implementation strategy of the policy mechanism, in which the emphasis will be changed from compulsory policy options towards economic and social pressure policy options, was proposed.

福伊特造纸为多家企业提供DuoCleaner Express干网清洗器

福伊特报道2009年7月，福伊特造纸与理文纸业达成协议，为其70机提供4台Duo Cleaner ExpreSS干网清洗器，这是继其江苏工厂6^#机和东莞工厂12^#机成功使用后的追加订单。理文纸业7^#机于2005年开机，主要生产125～250g／m^2的牛皮纸，车速为1000m／min。

Cleaner production for continuous digester processes based on hybrid Pareto genetic algorithm

Pulping production process produces a large amount of wastewater and pollutant emitted, which has become one of the main pollution sources in pulp and paper industry. To solve this problem, it is necessary to implement cleaner production by using modeling and optimization technology. This paper studies the modeling and multi\|objective genetic algorithms for continuous digester process. First, model is established, in which environmental pollution and saving energy factors are considered. Then hybrid genetic algorithm based on Pareto stratum\|niche count is designed for finding near\|Pareto or Pareto optimal solutions in the problem and a new genetic evaluation and selection mechanism is proposed. Finally using the real data from a pulp mill shows the results of computer simulation. Through comparing with the practical curve of digester,this method can reduce the pollutant effectively and increase the profit while keeping the pulp quality unchanged.

Study on the evaluation system for the cleaner production of the mine

It is important to establish the evaluation system of the cleaner production of the mining enterprise, which canprovide the technical support and guidance for the cleaner production evaluation and facilitating the promotion ofcleaner productive techniques so as to realize the integration of economic development and environmental protection.This paper, according to the characteristic of mining and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), establishes the evaluationindex system, puts forward the overall quantitative evaluation method based on Fuzzy Mathematics and the experts’experience, and establishes the evaluation system of cleaner production. The main problems in cleaner production of themine are analyzed by calculation, and some countermeasures and suggestions are proposed.

Experimental and numerical analysis of an air cleaner's acoustic performance

To improve acoustic performance of an air cleaner system,both experimental and theoretical studies were carried out.The air cleaner＇s acoustic numerical model was built by finite element methods（FEM）.Acoustic parameters of filter paper imported in the FEM model were calculated according to experiential formulas.Based on the models,the cleaner＇s acoustic character of transmission loss（TL） was computed.To verify the numerical results,TL results of the real air cleaner with or without filter paper were tested by four-microphone transferring function method.The experimental results show that the filter paper influence acoustic performance of the air cleaner significantly,especially in mid and high frequency band,and should be considered in numerical simulation.Comparisons between experimental and numerical results show that the numerical model is accurate enough to be used in multi-scheme acoustic optimization.Based on our study,TL results of two schemes were calculated and analyzed,which is useful to the air cleaner＇s final design decision.

Level and potential of cleaner production in Baosteel's sintering process

It is necessary for the sintering process to carry out cleaner production, which is also of great significance to the iron and steel enterprises of a long-flow process. According to the cleaner production standard recently issued by China＇ s Ministry of Environmental Protection, the research detailed in this study has analyzed and estimated the level of cleaner production at Baosteel in the aspects of technical equipment, resource and energy utilization, product quality, emissions, recycling and environmental management, etc. The research also expatiated some effective measures with which cleaner production can be carried out in Baosteel＇s sintering process, and discovered some potential opportunities of cleaner production.

Research on Development Status and Countermeasures of Agricultural Cleaner Production

In the study,the connotation and objectives of agricultural cleaner production were introduced firstly,and then the development status of agricultural cleaner production in China was analyzed,and the problems existing in the development of agricultural cleaner production were pointed out.From the strategy of agricultural sustainable development,the necessity and feasibility of implementing agricultural cleaner production in China were discussed.Finally,some related countermeasures were put forward according to the problems existing in the development of agricultural cleaner production,so as to provide theoretical references for the realization of agricultural sustainable development in China.

Can environmental regulations achieve both profitability and profit quality?A natural experiment based on the China Cleaner Production Standards

Numerous studies evaluated the effects of end-of-pipe control environmental regulations(EER).However,few scholars discussed the effects of process management environmental regulations(PER),such as the China Cleaner Production Standards(CCPS)implemented by the country's Ministry of Ecology and Environment.Using data on China's manufacturing enterprises,this paper adopts the CCPS policies as quasi-natural experiments and uses differences-in-differences(DID)methods to analyze their effects on enterprise profitability and profit quality,respectively.The results show that:first,the CCPS significantly improve both profitability and profit quality;that is,the implementation of the environmental regulation policy plays a significant role in improving enterprise profit rates and cash flows.Second,for the profitability mediator effects,the short-term Porter effect of CCPS is not significant but shows the opposite during the lag period and significantly reduces the management cost and wage levels,comprehensively promoting enterprise profitability.Third,for the profit quality meditator effects,environmental regulations improve the enterprises'cash flow by reducing management costs and increasing government subsidies;however,its effect on bank credit subsidies is not significant.Fourth,for the moderator effects,the environmental regulations'effect on enterprises profitability and profit quality depends on the strategic interaction among local governments,the scale and ownership of the enterprise,and regional differences.That is,the strategic interaction weakens the effect of environmental regulations on enterprise performance.Environmental regulations have a stronger influence on profitability and profit quality for large-scale,state-owned,and coastal enterprises.

Cleaner Production Assessment in Textile Industry

Cleaner Production focuses on environmental improvement with economic benefits. Based on the benefit assessment home and abroad, the assessment method and process in textile industry is discussed, including maneuverable indicator system, mathematics model. According to corresponding principles of Cleaner Production, representative problems are mentioned. With Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Mathematics, some enterprise is collected to attain the economic, environmental and social benefit of Cleaner Production. The results show that Cleaner Production improves utilization efficiency of resources, energy sources even waste, and creates conditions of Sustainable Development in textile industry.

IJCCE: A Communication Platform for Cleaner Production and Sustainability

IJCCE: A Communication Platform for Cleaner Production and

Wireless Charger Design of Robot Vacuum Cleaners with Power Repeaters for High Compatibility

Curved coils constructed by flexible printed circuit board (PCB) or hand-wound Litz-wire have been steadily becoming popular due to its applicable potential on devices that have a curved body. Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) systems based on curved coils and flexible ferrite sheets may provide more flexible charging solutions for various electronic devices such as rice cookers and robot vacuum cleaners. Power repeaters are also used in IPT systems to extend wireless charging range by guiding magnetic fields to the receiving coil. The interaction of these three topics could be inspiring. In this paper, two adjustable power repeaters are applied to an IPT charging system with various curved receiving coils designed for vacuum cleaners. Two power repeaters share the identical structure as the Tx coil and could be rotated to mirror symmetrically. The input and output power are calculated by analyzing the equivalent circuit model. The self-inductance, mutual inductance, and coupling coefficient of the proposed system are obtained via finite element method simulation with variable rotating angles. Three typical IPT designs have also been simulated in ANSYS Maxwell and compared with the proposed magnetic design. The comparison indicates the enhancing feature of the passive power repeaters on coupling performance and the ability to guide the magnetic flux for better magnetic field coupling. Furthermore, two types of co-simulations defined by the power source via Simplorer are conducted to explore how much power could be transferred. The tuned system is shown to be able to provide about 32 W under 100 kHz operating frequency for charging the battery of a robot vacuum cleaner. The results from theoretical calculation and simulation align well with each other.