Like any organ in children, the ear has particular anatomical features that are well shown in imaging. The petrous bone computed tomography (CT) is a valuable tool for diagnosing ear pathologies and evaluating surgica...Like any organ in children, the ear has particular anatomical features that are well shown in imaging. The petrous bone computed tomography (CT) is a valuable tool for diagnosing ear pathologies and evaluating surgical possibilities. In children, the ear has the peculiarity of having the morphology and size of adults, and the only difference resides in the components of the middle and inner ear related to the growth of the temporal bone and the state of ossification which are progressive with age. Some aspects of growth can simulate pathology and must be known. The pneumatisation of the temporal bone occurs gradually after birth and in several outbreaks until adulthood. The external auditory canal, the internal auditory meatus and the petromastoid canal progressively reach the adult aspect because of the growth of the petrous bone. This work aims to highlight the particularities of the petrous bone CT in pediatrics, since it has become widely used in the exploration of malformations, trauma, infectious complications of the ear and in the assessment of deafness.展开更多
Chordomas are dysembryogenic tumors originating from the notochordal process [1] [2]. They are aggressive tumours with unique diagnostic and management challenges. Primary therapy is complete surgical removal of the t...Chordomas are dysembryogenic tumors originating from the notochordal process [1] [2]. They are aggressive tumours with unique diagnostic and management challenges. Primary therapy is complete surgical removal of the tumour as much as possible. The likelihood of recurrence is high in spite of complete surgical resection. A 52-year-old female patient presented with complaints of decreased vision in right eye, nasal bleeding, nasal blockage and difficulties in swallowing. CT scan and nasal biopsy were performed which confirmed the diagnosis of clivus chordoma. The CT scan showed extension into nasopharynx, nasal cavity and oropharynx pushing onto the soft palate. Surgical excision of the mass was performed with coblator by both intraoral and intra nasal approach [3]. On follow-up, nasal endoscopy and CT were done;the patient was relieved of the symptoms and was clinically better.展开更多
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin G4 related disease(Ig G4-RD)is a fibroinflammatory disease with markedly elevated serum Ig G4 levels and fibrous tissue proliferation,accompanied by numerous plasma cells.Ig G4 related hypert...BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin G4 related disease(Ig G4-RD)is a fibroinflammatory disease with markedly elevated serum Ig G4 levels and fibrous tissue proliferation,accompanied by numerous plasma cells.Ig G4 related hypertrophic pachymeningitis(Ig G4-RHP)is relatively rare and indistinguishable from other phymatoid diseases before the operation.The risk of long-term immunosuppression needs to be balanced with disease activity.CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old man presented with headache and bilateral abducent paralysis.He was also diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis 10 years ago and was on regular treatment for the same.Before the operation and steroid therapy,the patient was suspected of having tubercular meningitis at a local hospital.A clivus lesion was found via brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)at this presentation.He was preliminarily diagnosed with meningioma and underwent Gamma Knife Surgery.Transnasal endoscopic resection was performed to treat deterioration of nerve function.Postoperative pathologic examination suggested Ig G4-RD.Moreover,the serum Ig G4 was elevated at 1.90 g/L(reference range:0.035-1.500 g/L).After steroid therapy for 2 mo,the lesion size diminished on MRI,and the function of bilateral abducent nerves recovered.CONCLUSION Ig G4-RHP is relatively rare and indistinguishable before the operation.Elevated serum Ig G4 levels and imaging examination help in the diagnosis of Ig G4-RHP.Surgery is necessary when lesions progress and patients start to develop cranial nerve function deficit.展开更多
Background: Aneurysms of the internal carotid artery within the petrous temporal bone are extremely rare;their true incidence is unknown. The exact cause is unclear: they may be congenital or result from trauma, infec...Background: Aneurysms of the internal carotid artery within the petrous temporal bone are extremely rare;their true incidence is unknown. The exact cause is unclear: they may be congenital or result from trauma, infection, or radiation. Aim: We report a case of massive otorrhagia and epistaxis from a ruptured aneurysm of the petrous internal carotid artery. Case Presentation: A 34-year-old man presented to our department for the first time with repeated left otorrhagia ongoing for 5 years, left sided pulsatile tinnitus and left conductive hearing loss. In his history, we noted a right hemi-corporeal deficit of sudden onset one month ago and the head-CT showed a left frontoparietal subarachnoid hemorrhage without any visualised vascular malformation. Otomicroscopy showed a pulsatile mass visible at the posterior part of the hypotympanum. There was a right-sided hemiparesis estimated at 2/5 with no disorder of the sensitivity. After hemodynamic stabilization, the patient was discharged from the hospital and treatment was scheduled in interventional radiology and neurosurgery unit. Unfortunately the patient presented at home with a cataclysmic hemorrhage by massive otorrhagia and epistaxis and arrived dead at the emergency unit. Conclusion: The treatment of a petrous carotid aneurysm must be carried out quickly considering the risk of rupture leading to a cataclysmic hemorrhage that can be rapidly life threatening.展开更多
目的通过分析儿童正常斜坡的MRI特点,探索儿童斜坡开始黄髓化的年龄界值,以利于更好地识别骨髓病变。材料与方法选取2022年4月至2023年10月在本院放射科行颅脑MRI检查的儿童作为研究对象,通过分析2141例儿童正常斜坡信号特点与年龄分布...目的通过分析儿童正常斜坡的MRI特点,探索儿童斜坡开始黄髓化的年龄界值,以利于更好地识别骨髓病变。材料与方法选取2022年4月至2023年10月在本院放射科行颅脑MRI检查的儿童作为研究对象,通过分析2141例儿童正常斜坡信号特点与年龄分布的关系,探讨儿童斜坡开始黄髓化的年龄界限。在T1WI序列正中矢状面观察斜坡的信号特点,分析未黄髓化及黄髓化年龄分布特点,计算Youden指数及绘制年龄预测斜坡黄髓化的受试者工作特征(receiver-operating chatacteristic,ROC)曲线,探索儿童斜坡开始黄髓化的年龄界值。结果2141例儿童中,男孩1339例,女孩802例。1339例男孩中,未黄髓化者521例(1个月~36个月),黄髓化者818例(4个月~180个月);802例女孩中,未黄髓化者326例(1个月~35个月),黄髓化者476例(5个月~201个月)。男孩年龄为13.5个月时,Youden指数为0.814,ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.976,95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI):0.969~0.982;女孩年龄为11.5个月时,Youden指数0.836,AUC为0.980,95%CI:0.973~0.987。结论年龄>13.5个月可作为男孩斜坡开始黄髓化的年龄界值;年龄>11.5个月可作为女孩斜坡开始黄髓化的年龄界值;男孩开始黄髓化的年龄晚于女孩。展开更多
文摘Like any organ in children, the ear has particular anatomical features that are well shown in imaging. The petrous bone computed tomography (CT) is a valuable tool for diagnosing ear pathologies and evaluating surgical possibilities. In children, the ear has the peculiarity of having the morphology and size of adults, and the only difference resides in the components of the middle and inner ear related to the growth of the temporal bone and the state of ossification which are progressive with age. Some aspects of growth can simulate pathology and must be known. The pneumatisation of the temporal bone occurs gradually after birth and in several outbreaks until adulthood. The external auditory canal, the internal auditory meatus and the petromastoid canal progressively reach the adult aspect because of the growth of the petrous bone. This work aims to highlight the particularities of the petrous bone CT in pediatrics, since it has become widely used in the exploration of malformations, trauma, infectious complications of the ear and in the assessment of deafness.
文摘Chordomas are dysembryogenic tumors originating from the notochordal process [1] [2]. They are aggressive tumours with unique diagnostic and management challenges. Primary therapy is complete surgical removal of the tumour as much as possible. The likelihood of recurrence is high in spite of complete surgical resection. A 52-year-old female patient presented with complaints of decreased vision in right eye, nasal bleeding, nasal blockage and difficulties in swallowing. CT scan and nasal biopsy were performed which confirmed the diagnosis of clivus chordoma. The CT scan showed extension into nasopharynx, nasal cavity and oropharynx pushing onto the soft palate. Surgical excision of the mass was performed with coblator by both intraoral and intra nasal approach [3]. On follow-up, nasal endoscopy and CT were done;the patient was relieved of the symptoms and was clinically better.
基金Supported by 1·3·5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence–Clinical Research Incubation Project,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,No.2019HXFH018。
文摘BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin G4 related disease(Ig G4-RD)is a fibroinflammatory disease with markedly elevated serum Ig G4 levels and fibrous tissue proliferation,accompanied by numerous plasma cells.Ig G4 related hypertrophic pachymeningitis(Ig G4-RHP)is relatively rare and indistinguishable from other phymatoid diseases before the operation.The risk of long-term immunosuppression needs to be balanced with disease activity.CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old man presented with headache and bilateral abducent paralysis.He was also diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis 10 years ago and was on regular treatment for the same.Before the operation and steroid therapy,the patient was suspected of having tubercular meningitis at a local hospital.A clivus lesion was found via brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)at this presentation.He was preliminarily diagnosed with meningioma and underwent Gamma Knife Surgery.Transnasal endoscopic resection was performed to treat deterioration of nerve function.Postoperative pathologic examination suggested Ig G4-RD.Moreover,the serum Ig G4 was elevated at 1.90 g/L(reference range:0.035-1.500 g/L).After steroid therapy for 2 mo,the lesion size diminished on MRI,and the function of bilateral abducent nerves recovered.CONCLUSION Ig G4-RHP is relatively rare and indistinguishable before the operation.Elevated serum Ig G4 levels and imaging examination help in the diagnosis of Ig G4-RHP.Surgery is necessary when lesions progress and patients start to develop cranial nerve function deficit.
文摘Background: Aneurysms of the internal carotid artery within the petrous temporal bone are extremely rare;their true incidence is unknown. The exact cause is unclear: they may be congenital or result from trauma, infection, or radiation. Aim: We report a case of massive otorrhagia and epistaxis from a ruptured aneurysm of the petrous internal carotid artery. Case Presentation: A 34-year-old man presented to our department for the first time with repeated left otorrhagia ongoing for 5 years, left sided pulsatile tinnitus and left conductive hearing loss. In his history, we noted a right hemi-corporeal deficit of sudden onset one month ago and the head-CT showed a left frontoparietal subarachnoid hemorrhage without any visualised vascular malformation. Otomicroscopy showed a pulsatile mass visible at the posterior part of the hypotympanum. There was a right-sided hemiparesis estimated at 2/5 with no disorder of the sensitivity. After hemodynamic stabilization, the patient was discharged from the hospital and treatment was scheduled in interventional radiology and neurosurgery unit. Unfortunately the patient presented at home with a cataclysmic hemorrhage by massive otorrhagia and epistaxis and arrived dead at the emergency unit. Conclusion: The treatment of a petrous carotid aneurysm must be carried out quickly considering the risk of rupture leading to a cataclysmic hemorrhage that can be rapidly life threatening.
文摘目的通过分析儿童正常斜坡的MRI特点,探索儿童斜坡开始黄髓化的年龄界值,以利于更好地识别骨髓病变。材料与方法选取2022年4月至2023年10月在本院放射科行颅脑MRI检查的儿童作为研究对象,通过分析2141例儿童正常斜坡信号特点与年龄分布的关系,探讨儿童斜坡开始黄髓化的年龄界限。在T1WI序列正中矢状面观察斜坡的信号特点,分析未黄髓化及黄髓化年龄分布特点,计算Youden指数及绘制年龄预测斜坡黄髓化的受试者工作特征(receiver-operating chatacteristic,ROC)曲线,探索儿童斜坡开始黄髓化的年龄界值。结果2141例儿童中,男孩1339例,女孩802例。1339例男孩中,未黄髓化者521例(1个月~36个月),黄髓化者818例(4个月~180个月);802例女孩中,未黄髓化者326例(1个月~35个月),黄髓化者476例(5个月~201个月)。男孩年龄为13.5个月时,Youden指数为0.814,ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.976,95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI):0.969~0.982;女孩年龄为11.5个月时,Youden指数0.836,AUC为0.980,95%CI:0.973~0.987。结论年龄>13.5个月可作为男孩斜坡开始黄髓化的年龄界值;年龄>11.5个月可作为女孩斜坡开始黄髓化的年龄界值;男孩开始黄髓化的年龄晚于女孩。
