Chaos-based encryption schemes have been studied extensively, while the security analysis methods for them are still problems to be resolved. Based on the periodic orbit theory, this paper proposes a novel security an...Chaos-based encryption schemes have been studied extensively, while the security analysis methods for them are still problems to be resolved. Based on the periodic orbit theory, this paper proposes a novel security analysis method. The periodic orbits theory indicates that the fundamental frequency of the spiraling orbits is the natural frequency of associated linearized system, which is decided by the parameters of the chaotic system. Thus, it is possible to recover the plaintext of secure communication systems based on chaotic shift keying by getting the average time on the spiraling orbits. Analysis and simulation results show that the security analysis method can break chaos shift keying secure communication systems, which use the parameters as keys.展开更多
In this paper, we have declined the formalism of the method of the Modified Atomic Orbital Theory (MAOT) applied to the calculations of energies of doubly excited states 2<em>snp</em>, 3<em>snp</e...In this paper, we have declined the formalism of the method of the Modified Atomic Orbital Theory (MAOT) applied to the calculations of energies of doubly excited states 2<em>snp</em>, 3<em>snp</em>, and 4<em>snp</em> Helium-like systems. Then we also applied the variational procedure of the Modified Atomic Orbital Theory to the computations of total energies, excitation energies of doubly-excited states 2<em>snp</em>, 3<em>snp</em>, 4<em>snp</em> types of Helium-like systems. The results obtained in this work are in good agreement with the experimental and theoretical values available.展开更多
We give here an overview of the orbital-free density functional theory that is used for modeling atoms and molecules.We review typical approximations to the kinetic energy,exchange-correlation corrections to the kinet...We give here an overview of the orbital-free density functional theory that is used for modeling atoms and molecules.We review typical approximations to the kinetic energy,exchange-correlation corrections to the kinetic and Hartree energies, and constructions of the pseudopotentials.We discuss numerical discretizations for the orbital-free methods and include several numerical results for illustrations.展开更多
The critical _d vahues ( _ ) of the γ/(γ+σ).γ/(γ+μ) and γ/(γ+γ') phase boundaries in some ternar alloy phase diagrams at various temperatures are calculated by averaging the _d values of sererai selecte...The critical _d vahues ( _ ) of the γ/(γ+σ).γ/(γ+μ) and γ/(γ+γ') phase boundaries in some ternar alloy phase diagrams at various temperatures are calculated by averaging the _d values of sererai selected characteristic points at the phase boundaries.Approxmate equations for the temperature dependence of the critical _d of γ/(γ+σ).γ/(γ+μ) and γ/(γ+γ') phase boundaries are established.The accuracy of the analysis is discussed in detail. It is found for the first time that the average value of the bond order _ at the phase boundaries ts also approximatelr a constant and therefore a critical average bond order _ like - can be introduced for the analysts of phase stability展开更多
Analytical theories of the geodesic acoustic mode （GAM） are reviewed in the small- and large-orbit drift width limits, respectively. Different physics pictures in these two limits are displayed. As an example, these...Analytical theories of the geodesic acoustic mode （GAM） are reviewed in the small- and large-orbit drift width limits, respectively. Different physics pictures in these two limits are displayed. As an example, these two analytical methods are employed to investigate the plasma shaping effect on the frequency and collisionless damping rate of the GAM.展开更多
The focusing and the stable transport of an intense elliptic sheet electron beam in a uniform magnetic field are investigated thoroughly by using the macroscopic cold-fluid model and the single-particle orbit theory.T...The focusing and the stable transport of an intense elliptic sheet electron beam in a uniform magnetic field are investigated thoroughly by using the macroscopic cold-fluid model and the single-particle orbit theory.The results indicate that the envelopes and the tilted angles of the sheet electron beam obtained by the two theories are consistent.The single-particle orbit theory is more accurate due to its treatment of the space-charge fields in a rectangular drift tube.The macroscopic cold-fluid model describes the collective transport process in order to provide detailed information about the beam dynamics,such as beam shape,density,and velocity profile.The tilt of the elliptic sheet beam in a uniform magnetic field is carefully studied and demonstrated.The results presented in this paper provide two complete theories for systemically discussing the transport of the sheet beam and are useful for understanding and guiding the practical engineering design of electron optics systems in high power vacuum electronic devices.展开更多
The orbital phase refers to the relationship between orbitals that originates from their wave character. We show here that the orbital phase essentially determines the diastereoselectivity of the following three organ...The orbital phase refers to the relationship between orbitals that originates from their wave character. We show here that the orbital phase essentially determines the diastereoselectivity of the following three organic reactions. 1) Torquoselectivity of the electrocyclicring-opening reaction of 3-substituted cyclobutenes;2) Contradictory torquoselectivity of the retro-Nazarov reaction;3) Diastereoselectivity in electrophilic addition to substituted ethylenes.展开更多
The advanced oxidation of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), 2,5-DNP, and 3,4-DNP in aqueous solution has been investigated using a multi-gas, dielectric barrier discharge. Dielectric barrier discharge was operated in the aqueo...The advanced oxidation of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), 2,5-DNP, and 3,4-DNP in aqueous solution has been investigated using a multi-gas, dielectric barrier discharge. Dielectric barrier discharge was operated in the aqueous solution and gas boundary. The degradation was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The acceleration of the advanced-oxidation has been investigated by the combination of the anion exchange polymer membrane. The result indicated that the degradation pathways involve a rapid detachment of the nitro group and a slow opening of the aromatic-ring. The hydroxyl radical and the excited hydroxyl anion are responsible for the primary attack of the DNP with the production of dihydroxy-nitrobenzenes. The attack of hydroxyl radical occurs at the benzene ring carbon activated by the presence of a phenolic OH group and a nitro group. The result suggested that the reaction is dominated by a pseudo-first order kinetic reaction. The degradation process is interpreted using Molecular Orbital Theory.展开更多
The 2(1,0)n-1P°, 2(1,0)n +3P°, 2(0,1)n+1P°, and 2(0,1)n-3P° intershell Rydberg series of the helium-like ions are investigated in the framework of the modified Atomic Orbital Theory (MAOT). High-ly...The 2(1,0)n-1P°, 2(1,0)n +3P°, 2(0,1)n+1P°, and 2(0,1)n-3P° intershell Rydberg series of the helium-like ions are investigated in the framework of the modified Atomic Orbital Theory (MAOT). High-lying energy resonances of He and excitation energy of the he- lium-like Li+ up to n = 10 are tabulated. In addition, total energy positions for low-lying states (n1,3P° autoionizing states of two-electron systems.展开更多
Resonance energies of the Cl II-[3s23p3(2D5/2)]nd and [3s23p3(2P3/2)]nd, Ar II-3s23p4(1D2)ns, nd and of the Kr II [4s24p4(1D2)]ns, nd and 4s24p4(3P2,3P1)]ns, 4s24p4(3D2)]ns, nd and 4s24p4(3D2, 1S0)]ns, nd Rydberg seri...Resonance energies of the Cl II-[3s23p3(2D5/2)]nd and [3s23p3(2P3/2)]nd, Ar II-3s23p4(1D2)ns, nd and of the Kr II [4s24p4(1D2)]ns, nd and 4s24p4(3P2,3P1)]ns, 4s24p4(3D2)]ns, nd and 4s24p4(3D2, 1S0)]ns, nd Rydberg series are reported. Natural widths of the Ar II-[3s23p4(1D2)]ns, nd series are also reported. Calculations are done in the framework of the Modified Atomic Orbital Theory (MAOT). Excellent agreements are obtained with available theoretical and experimental data. High lying accurate resonance energies up to n = 40 are tabulated. The possibility to use the MAOT formalism report rapidly with an excellent accuracy the position of the excitation resonances as well as their width within simple analytical formulae is demonstrated.展开更多
We report in this paper energy positions of the 2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>2</sup>(<sup>1</sup>D)nd(<sup>2</sup>F);2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<...We report in this paper energy positions of the 2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>2</sup>(<sup>1</sup>D)nd(<sup>2</sup>F);2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>2</sup>(<sup>1</sup>D)nd(<sup>2</sup>D);2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>2</sup>(<sup>1</sup>D)nd(<sup>2</sup>P);2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>2</sup>(<sup>1</sup>D)ns(<sup>2</sup>D);2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>3</sup>(<sup>3</sup>D)np(<sup>2</sup>P);2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>3</sup>(<sup>3</sup>D<sup>0</sup>)np(<sup>2</sup>F), and 4S<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>3</sup>(<sup>5</sup>S<sup>0</sup>)np(<sup>4</sup>P) Rydberg series in the photoionization spectra originating from 2D<sup>0</sup> and 4S<sup>0</sup> metastable states of O<sup>+</sup> ion. Calculations are performed up to n = 20 using the Modified Orbital Atomic Theory (MAOT) [1]. The present results are compared to the experimental data of Aguilar et al. [2] which are the only available values. The accurate data presented in this work may be a useful guideline for future experimental and other theoretical studies.展开更多
文摘Chaos-based encryption schemes have been studied extensively, while the security analysis methods for them are still problems to be resolved. Based on the periodic orbit theory, this paper proposes a novel security analysis method. The periodic orbits theory indicates that the fundamental frequency of the spiraling orbits is the natural frequency of associated linearized system, which is decided by the parameters of the chaotic system. Thus, it is possible to recover the plaintext of secure communication systems based on chaotic shift keying by getting the average time on the spiraling orbits. Analysis and simulation results show that the security analysis method can break chaos shift keying secure communication systems, which use the parameters as keys.
文摘In this paper, we have declined the formalism of the method of the Modified Atomic Orbital Theory (MAOT) applied to the calculations of energies of doubly excited states 2<em>snp</em>, 3<em>snp</em>, and 4<em>snp</em> Helium-like systems. Then we also applied the variational procedure of the Modified Atomic Orbital Theory to the computations of total energies, excitation energies of doubly-excited states 2<em>snp</em>, 3<em>snp</em>, 4<em>snp</em> types of Helium-like systems. The results obtained in this work are in good agreement with the experimental and theoretical values available.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China under the grant 10425105the National Basic Research Program under the grant 2005CB321704.
文摘We give here an overview of the orbital-free density functional theory that is used for modeling atoms and molecules.We review typical approximations to the kinetic energy,exchange-correlation corrections to the kinetic and Hartree energies, and constructions of the pseudopotentials.We discuss numerical discretizations for the orbital-free methods and include several numerical results for illustrations.
文摘The critical _d vahues ( _ ) of the γ/(γ+σ).γ/(γ+μ) and γ/(γ+γ') phase boundaries in some ternar alloy phase diagrams at various temperatures are calculated by averaging the _d values of sererai selected characteristic points at the phase boundaries.Approxmate equations for the temperature dependence of the critical _d of γ/(γ+σ).γ/(γ+μ) and γ/(γ+γ') phase boundaries are established.The accuracy of the analysis is discussed in detail. It is found for the first time that the average value of the bond order _ at the phase boundaries ts also approximatelr a constant and therefore a critical average bond order _ like - can be introduced for the analysts of phase stability
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10990214)the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (Nos. 2009GB105002, 2008GB717804)the JSPS-CAS Core University Program in Plasma and Nuclear Fusion
文摘Analytical theories of the geodesic acoustic mode （GAM） are reviewed in the small- and large-orbit drift width limits, respectively. Different physics pictures in these two limits are displayed. As an example, these two analytical methods are employed to investigate the plasma shaping effect on the frequency and collisionless damping rate of the GAM.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60501019,10775139 and 60971073)
文摘The focusing and the stable transport of an intense elliptic sheet electron beam in a uniform magnetic field are investigated thoroughly by using the macroscopic cold-fluid model and the single-particle orbit theory.The results indicate that the envelopes and the tilted angles of the sheet electron beam obtained by the two theories are consistent.The single-particle orbit theory is more accurate due to its treatment of the space-charge fields in a rectangular drift tube.The macroscopic cold-fluid model describes the collective transport process in order to provide detailed information about the beam dynamics,such as beam shape,density,and velocity profile.The tilt of the elliptic sheet beam in a uniform magnetic field is carefully studied and demonstrated.The results presented in this paper provide two complete theories for systemically discussing the transport of the sheet beam and are useful for understanding and guiding the practical engineering design of electron optics systems in high power vacuum electronic devices.
文摘The orbital phase refers to the relationship between orbitals that originates from their wave character. We show here that the orbital phase essentially determines the diastereoselectivity of the following three organic reactions. 1) Torquoselectivity of the electrocyclicring-opening reaction of 3-substituted cyclobutenes;2) Contradictory torquoselectivity of the retro-Nazarov reaction;3) Diastereoselectivity in electrophilic addition to substituted ethylenes.
文摘The advanced oxidation of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), 2,5-DNP, and 3,4-DNP in aqueous solution has been investigated using a multi-gas, dielectric barrier discharge. Dielectric barrier discharge was operated in the aqueous solution and gas boundary. The degradation was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The acceleration of the advanced-oxidation has been investigated by the combination of the anion exchange polymer membrane. The result indicated that the degradation pathways involve a rapid detachment of the nitro group and a slow opening of the aromatic-ring. The hydroxyl radical and the excited hydroxyl anion are responsible for the primary attack of the DNP with the production of dihydroxy-nitrobenzenes. The attack of hydroxyl radical occurs at the benzene ring carbon activated by the presence of a phenolic OH group and a nitro group. The result suggested that the reaction is dominated by a pseudo-first order kinetic reaction. The degradation process is interpreted using Molecular Orbital Theory.
文摘The 2(1,0)n-1P°, 2(1,0)n +3P°, 2(0,1)n+1P°, and 2(0,1)n-3P° intershell Rydberg series of the helium-like ions are investigated in the framework of the modified Atomic Orbital Theory (MAOT). High-lying energy resonances of He and excitation energy of the he- lium-like Li+ up to n = 10 are tabulated. In addition, total energy positions for low-lying states (n1,3P° autoionizing states of two-electron systems.
文摘Resonance energies of the Cl II-[3s23p3(2D5/2)]nd and [3s23p3(2P3/2)]nd, Ar II-3s23p4(1D2)ns, nd and of the Kr II [4s24p4(1D2)]ns, nd and 4s24p4(3P2,3P1)]ns, 4s24p4(3D2)]ns, nd and 4s24p4(3D2, 1S0)]ns, nd Rydberg series are reported. Natural widths of the Ar II-[3s23p4(1D2)]ns, nd series are also reported. Calculations are done in the framework of the Modified Atomic Orbital Theory (MAOT). Excellent agreements are obtained with available theoretical and experimental data. High lying accurate resonance energies up to n = 40 are tabulated. The possibility to use the MAOT formalism report rapidly with an excellent accuracy the position of the excitation resonances as well as their width within simple analytical formulae is demonstrated.
文摘We report in this paper energy positions of the 2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>2</sup>(<sup>1</sup>D)nd(<sup>2</sup>F);2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>2</sup>(<sup>1</sup>D)nd(<sup>2</sup>D);2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>2</sup>(<sup>1</sup>D)nd(<sup>2</sup>P);2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>2</sup>(<sup>1</sup>D)ns(<sup>2</sup>D);2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>3</sup>(<sup>3</sup>D)np(<sup>2</sup>P);2D<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>3</sup>(<sup>3</sup>D<sup>0</sup>)np(<sup>2</sup>F), and 4S<sup>0</sup>_2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>3</sup>(<sup>5</sup>S<sup>0</sup>)np(<sup>4</sup>P) Rydberg series in the photoionization spectra originating from 2D<sup>0</sup> and 4S<sup>0</sup> metastable states of O<sup>+</sup> ion. Calculations are performed up to n = 20 using the Modified Orbital Atomic Theory (MAOT) [1]. The present results are compared to the experimental data of Aguilar et al. [2] which are the only available values. The accurate data presented in this work may be a useful guideline for future experimental and other theoretical studies.
