In this paper, detonation parameters of fuel cloud, such as propylene oxide （PO）, isopropyl nitrate （IPN）, hex- ane, 90# oil and decane were measured in a self-designed and constructed vertical shock tube. Results...In this paper, detonation parameters of fuel cloud, such as propylene oxide （PO）, isopropyl nitrate （IPN）, hex- ane, 90# oil and decane were measured in a self-designed and constructed vertical shock tube. Results show that the deto- nation pressure and velocity of PO increase to a peak value and then decrease smoothly with increasing equivalence ra- tio. Several nitrate sensitizers were added into PO to make fuel mixtures, and test results indicated that the additives can efficiently enhance detonation velocity and pressure of fuel cloud and one type of additive n-propyl nitrate （NPN） played the best in the improvement. The critical initiation energy that directly initiated detonation of all the test liquid fuel clouds showed a U-shape curve relationship with equiva- lence ratios. The optimum concentration lies on the rich-fuel side （;b 〉 1）. The critical initiation energy is closely related to molecular structure and volatility of fuels. IPN and PO have similar critical values while that of alkanes are larger. Detonation cell sizes of PO were respectively investigated at 25;C, 35;C and 50;C with smoked foil technique. The cell width shows a U-shape curve relationship with equivalence ratios at all temperatures. The minimal cell width also lies on the rich-fuel side （;b 〉 1）. The cell width of PO vapor is slightly larger than that of PO cloud. Therefore, the deto- nation reaction of PO at normal temperature is controlled by gas phase reaction.展开更多
The dispersion of the fuel due to the center high explosive, including several different physical stages, is analyzed by means of experimental results observed with a high speed motion analysis system, and the effect ...The dispersion of the fuel due to the center high explosive, including several different physical stages, is analyzed by means of experimental results observed with a high speed motion analysis system, and the effect of center high explosive charge is suggested. The process of the fuel dispersion process can be divided into three main stages, acceleration, deceleration and turbulence. Within a certain scope, the radius of the final fuel cloud dispersed is independent of the center explosive charge mass in an FAE (fuel air explosive) device, while only dependent both on the duration of acceleration stage and on that of the deceleration. In these two stages, the dispersion of the fuel dust mainly occurs along the radial direction. There is a close relation between the fuel dispersion process and the center explosive charge mass. To describe the motion of fuel for different stages of dispersion, different mechanical models should be applied.展开更多
In order to probe into the single ignition characteristics of mixed solid and liquid fuel, optical and electrical experinments on unconfined volume dispersion and single ignition of few dosage of ternary fuel mixture ...In order to probe into the single ignition characteristics of mixed solid and liquid fuel, optical and electrical experinments on unconfined volume dispersion and single ignition of few dosage of ternary fuel mixture are successfully done. Experimental results show that cloud detonation is distinguished from explosion of trinitrotoluene charge. The single ignition process of mixed fuel containing aluminum powder（Al）, propylene oxide （PO） and explosive （TNT） can be divided into four stages, the overpressure within its explosion field first increases, then decays with increase of distance. Explosion effects can be enhanced with adding proper trinitrotoluene into fuel mixture, the optimized ratio is m （Al） ： m （PO）： m （TNT） - 55：35： 10. The overpressure of binary mixed fuel containing Al and TNT decays like trinitrotoluene charge with increase of distance, but its value is higher than the trinitrotoluene charge＇s in the same mass at longer distance. The continual action time of plus overpressure during cloud detonation reaches magnitude of 10 ms and is about 100 times longer than the trinitrotoluene charge＇ s.展开更多
文摘In this paper, detonation parameters of fuel cloud, such as propylene oxide （PO）, isopropyl nitrate （IPN）, hex- ane, 90# oil and decane were measured in a self-designed and constructed vertical shock tube. Results show that the deto- nation pressure and velocity of PO increase to a peak value and then decrease smoothly with increasing equivalence ra- tio. Several nitrate sensitizers were added into PO to make fuel mixtures, and test results indicated that the additives can efficiently enhance detonation velocity and pressure of fuel cloud and one type of additive n-propyl nitrate （NPN） played the best in the improvement. The critical initiation energy that directly initiated detonation of all the test liquid fuel clouds showed a U-shape curve relationship with equiva- lence ratios. The optimum concentration lies on the rich-fuel side （;b 〉 1）. The critical initiation energy is closely related to molecular structure and volatility of fuels. IPN and PO have similar critical values while that of alkanes are larger. Detonation cell sizes of PO were respectively investigated at 25;C, 35;C and 50;C with smoked foil technique. The cell width shows a U-shape curve relationship with equivalence ratios at all temperatures. The minimal cell width also lies on the rich-fuel side （;b 〉 1）. The cell width of PO vapor is slightly larger than that of PO cloud. Therefore, the deto- nation reaction of PO at normal temperature is controlled by gas phase reaction.
文摘The dispersion of the fuel due to the center high explosive, including several different physical stages, is analyzed by means of experimental results observed with a high speed motion analysis system, and the effect of center high explosive charge is suggested. The process of the fuel dispersion process can be divided into three main stages, acceleration, deceleration and turbulence. Within a certain scope, the radius of the final fuel cloud dispersed is independent of the center explosive charge mass in an FAE (fuel air explosive) device, while only dependent both on the duration of acceleration stage and on that of the deceleration. In these two stages, the dispersion of the fuel dust mainly occurs along the radial direction. There is a close relation between the fuel dispersion process and the center explosive charge mass. To describe the motion of fuel for different stages of dispersion, different mechanical models should be applied.
文摘In order to probe into the single ignition characteristics of mixed solid and liquid fuel, optical and electrical experinments on unconfined volume dispersion and single ignition of few dosage of ternary fuel mixture are successfully done. Experimental results show that cloud detonation is distinguished from explosion of trinitrotoluene charge. The single ignition process of mixed fuel containing aluminum powder（Al）, propylene oxide （PO） and explosive （TNT） can be divided into four stages, the overpressure within its explosion field first increases, then decays with increase of distance. Explosion effects can be enhanced with adding proper trinitrotoluene into fuel mixture, the optimized ratio is m （Al） ： m （PO）： m （TNT） - 55：35： 10. The overpressure of binary mixed fuel containing Al and TNT decays like trinitrotoluene charge with increase of distance, but its value is higher than the trinitrotoluene charge＇s in the same mass at longer distance. The continual action time of plus overpressure during cloud detonation reaches magnitude of 10 ms and is about 100 times longer than the trinitrotoluene charge＇ s.
