Critical Dialogue on Creating Public Value:The Comparisons of Confucian Value,Socialist Core Value,Universal Value and Public Value

The Creating Public Value Theory by Mark Moore is more and more accepted all over the world.China has been a value-oriented society for all her history.However,China has been dominated by the Confucian ethics and modern political elite values,especially traditional instilled civil servants values and modern socialist core value.The public value of China has been highly cultured and localized.This paper tries to review briefly and make the critical comments on the following issues:(1)Confucian value;(2)the socialist core value;(3)the universal value;(4)the human common value;and(5)the public value.The paper highlights what differences of conceptualizing public value between China and the Western countries.

Non-use value assessment for wetland ecosystem service of Hongxing National Nature Reserve in northeast China

By the contingent value method, we studied the non-use value of wetland ecosystem service of Hongxing National Nature Reserve （HNNR） in Heilongjiang Pro- vince, northeast China. The proportion of respondents willing to pay （WTP） for protection of HNNR was 63 %. The WTP ratio was affected by geographical area, contact nature, personal preferences, and familiar degree of the respondents. The WTP value was affected by age, education level and career of the respondents. The mainly reasons for people rejecting to pay for protecting HNNR were ＂I am not familiar to HNNR＂ and ＂I had no capacity for additional spending because of low income＂. Weighted average individual WTP value was CNY 59.26 Yuan ind.^-1 year^-1 for all the respondents with WTP. The total non-use ecosystem service value of HNNR was CNY 1430 million Yuan in 2013. The heritage value was highest followed by existence value and option value. From the high ecosystem service value in HNNR, it is very important to construct nature reserve for protecting natural ecosystems and human sustainable use of natural resources.

A Compact Difference Scheme for Multi-point Boundary Value Problems of Heat Equations

In this paper,a compact difference scheme is established for the heat equations with multi-point boundary value conditions.The truncation error of the difference scheme is O(τ2+h^4),where t and h are the temporal step size and the spatial step size.A prior estimate of the difference solution in a weighted norm is obtained.The unique solvability,stability and convergence of the difference scheme are proved by the energy method.The theoretical statements for the solution of the difference scheme are supported by numerical examples.

Jacobi-Sobolev Orthogonal Polynomialsand Spectral Methods for Elliptic Boundary Value Problems

Generalized Jacobi polynomials with indexes α,β∈ R are introduced and some basic properties are established. As examples of applications,the second- and fourth-order elliptic boundary value problems with Dirichlet or Robin boundary conditions are considered,and the generalized Jacobi spectral schemes are proposed. For the diagonalization of discrete systems,the Jacobi-Sobolev orthogonal basis functions are constructed,which allow the exact solutions and the approximate solutions to be represented in the forms of infinite and truncated Jacobi series. Error estimates are obtained and numerical results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and the spectral accuracy.

Reflection of Liberal Values in the Georgian Press in 1918-1921

This study deals with the values and orientation of Georgian social and political publications in the times of the Georgian Democratic Republic （1918-1921）. It also shows how the press of that time reflected the idea of ＂Georgian Europeanism＂ based on liberal values that took shape as an anti-colonial concept in the journalism of the late 19th century. The opposed dominant ideological projects of that era comprised on the one hand, National Democratic and Socialist Federalist parties that aspired to preserve national identity and carry out changes and on the other hand, ruling Social Democrats （who initially neglected national identity, but later shared the idea）. This opposition was clearly reflected in the media discourse of that time, which implied the following rights based on the principles of classical liberalism： freedom of conscience and expression, rule of law, personal independence, and individual rights. Other elements were added to this list later. The issue of religious tolerance also became topical. Journalist texts of the period reflected and rationalised the values recognised in today＇s democratic and liberal communities. The research was carried out in the archives of the periodicals of the aforementioned period （newspapers Sakhalkho Sakme, Sakartvelo, Ertoba, and Sakartvelos Respublika） by means of systematising and classifying retrieved materials and making a substantive and varietal analysis of individual media texts.

Role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging in surgery for pancreatic cancer

AIM： To evaluate the role of positron emission tomography using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose （FDG-PET） in the surgical management of patients with pancreatic cancer, including the diagnosis, staging, and selection of patients for the subsequent surgical treatment. METHODS： This study involved 53 patients with proven primary pancreatic cancer. The sensitivity of diagnosing the primary cancer was examined for FDG-PET CT, cytological examination of the bile or pancreatic juice, and the serum levels of carcinoembrionic antigens （CEA） and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 （CA29-9）. Next, the accuracy of staging was compared between FDG-PET and CT. Finally, FDG-PET was analyzed semiquantitatively using the standard uptake value （SUV）. The impact of the SUV on patient management was evaluated by examining the correlations between the SUV and the histological findings of cancer. RESULTS： The sensitivity of FDG-PET, CT, cytological examination of the bile or pancreatic juice, and the serum levels of CEA and CA19-9 were 92.5%, 88.7%, 46.4%, 37.7% and 69.8%, respectively. In staging, FDG-PET was superior to CT only in diagnosing distant disease （bone metastasis）. For local staging, the sensitivity of CT was better than that of FDG-PEr. The SUV did not correlate with the pTNM stage, grades, invasions to the vessels and nerve, or with the size of the tumor. However, there was a statistically significant difference （4.6 ± 2.9 vs 7.8 ± 4.5, P = 0.024） in the SUV between patients with respectable and unresectable disease. CONCLUSION： FDG-PET is thus considered to be useful in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. However, regarding the staging of the disease, FDG-PET is not considered to be a sufficiently accurate diagnostic modality. Although the SUV does not correlate with the patho-histological prognostic factors, it may be useful in selecting patients who should undergo subsequent surgical treatment.

Risk measurement of international oil and gas projects based on the Value at Risk method

International oil and gas projects feature high capital-intensity, high risks and contract diversity. Therefore, in order to help decision makers make more reasonable decisions under uncertainty, it is necessary to measure the risks of international oil and gas projects. For this purpose, this paper constructs a probabilistic model that is based on the traditional economic evaluation model, and introduces value at risk(VaR) which is a valuable risk measure tool in finance, and applies Va R to measure the risks of royalty contracts, production share contracts and service contracts of an international oil and gas project. Besides, this paper compares the influences of different risk factors on the net present value(NPV) of the project by using the simulation results. The results indicate:(1) risks have great impacts on the project's NPV, therefore, if risks are overlooked, the decision may be wrong.(2) A simulation method is applied to simulate the stochastic distribution of risk factors in the probabilistic model. Therefore, the probability is related to the project's NPV, overcoming the inherent limitation of the traditional economic evaluation method.(3) VaR is a straightforward risk measure tool, and can be applied to evaluate the risks of international oil and gas projects. It is helpful for decision making.

Prognostic significance of SUVmax and serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in pancreatic cancer

AIM: To investigate the prognostic significance of pretreatment standardized maximum uptake value (SUVmax) and serum carbohydrate antigen (CA)19-9 in pancreatic cancer.

A REGULAR VALUE OF COMPACT DEFORMATION

Sufficient conditions were given to assert that between any two Banach spaces over K, Fredholm mappings share at least one .value in a specific open ball. The proof of the result is constructive and based upon continuation methods.

网络环境下顾客参与品牌价值共创模式与机制研究--以小米手机为例

随着网络信息技术的发展,顾客通过互联网平台参与产品开发与更新、主导网络口碑传播等方式,已成为品牌价值创造的重要主体,深刻改变着品牌管理模式。本文以小米手机为例,借助扎根理论研究方法,对相关质性资料进行内容分析,得到如下结论:小米手机品牌的快速成长得益于其建立了契合互联网"专注、极致、快、信任"的企业文化和团队理念,将产品定位为发烧友而生的年轻消费者群体,积极进行线上、线下交流互动,将顾客培育成为粉丝和发烧友,引导顾客积极参与产品开发、更新以及口碑传播,从而实现小米手机品牌的快速成长。在此基础上,通过理论检验和命题发展,总结出顾客参与网络品牌价值共创的文化机制、产品机制、互动机制、参与机制、口碑机制及其相应命题。

创造共享价值的企业战略实施绩效评价——基于改进BSC和DEMATEL-ANP方法的模糊综合评价模型

针对企业创造共享价值的战略选择、绩效评价和绩效提高问题,提出了基于改进的BSC和整合DEMATEL与ANP的模糊综合评价模型,从而对企业战略绩效进行评价。首先分析企业创造共享价值发展战略的可行性;其次基于传统的BSC框架结合创造共享价值战略内涵,提出六维绩效评估框架评价战略实施绩效,在此基础上建立战略实施的绩效评价体系;再次整合DEMATEL和ANP方法建立绩效评价模型,并进行模糊综合评价得到综合权重,以实现对战略实施绩效系统准确的评价;最后将创造共享价值战略实施评价指标体系和评价模型应用于战略的绩效考核实践中。实践结果表明,本文提出的绩效综合评价模型新颖有效,能够对创造共享价值战略的企业绩效进行评价。

Relationship between serum calcium and CA 19-9 levels in colorectal cancer

AIM:To examine the calcium metabolism of colorectal cancer (CRC)in patients with colorectal cancer and control patients. METHODS:Seventy newly diagnosed CRC patients were included.The healthy control group was age and gender matched(n=32).Particular attention was devoted to the relationship between serum calcium of patients,and levels of AFP,CEA,carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA 19-9)(that could be considered as prognostic factors).Furthermore,the Ca-sensing receptor(CaSR)gene A986S polymorphism was investigated in these patients,as well as the relationship between different CaSR genotypes and the data stated above. RESULTS:A lower level of ionized calcium(also corrected for albumin)was found in the serum of CRC patients with normal 25(OH)vitamin D levels.The ionized calcium concentration was inversely correlated with the serum level of CA.19-9.There was no difference in the distribution of CaSR genotypes,between CRC patients and general population.The genotypes did not correlate with other data examined. CONCLUSION:Based on these results,lower levels of serum calcium might be a pathogenic and prognostic factor in colorectal cancer.

On the feasibility of re-stimulation of shale wells

As a result of advances in horizontal comple- tions and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, the U.S. has been able to economically develop several decades of worth of natural gas. However, a considerable concern has risen on the economic viability of shale gas development for reasons associated with the fast production declines as well as recent down-turns of natural gas prices besides rises in the costs of new technologies. Therefore, an economic analysis is required to investigate the profitability of the re- fracturing treatment of unconventional gas resources. Net present value of cash flows and internal rate of return are calculated for a range of gas prices considering 20 years of natural gas production from a typical unconventional shale gas reservoir. A systematic comparison is then accom- plished for three scenarios： （1） re-fracturing versus no re- fracturing, （2） combination of re-fracturing and drilling new wells, and （3） time-dependent re-fracturing treatment. Further, this paper incorporates the cost of re-fracturing treatment, the cost of drilling a new horizontal well, the water treatment cost, as well as the current and future price of natural gas in the model. The findings of this work would help the future re-stimulation development plans of the emerging unconventional shale gas plays.

Innovation and practice of petroleum engineering synergetic management for the development of difficult-to-produce reserves

Due to engineering technology and development costs,a considerable amount of proven oil and gas resources in China are difficult to develop,becoming reserves difficult to produce.Based on the successful development of some domestic oil and gas reserves difficult to recover,this article summarizes the"four in one"petroleum engineering synergetic management model to promote the effective development of these reserves.This model draws on the essence of management theories,such as system theory,cybernetics and synergetic theory,and proposes the development idea of value creating and sharing for this type of reserves.By adopting the new management method of mechanism synergy,speciality synergy,process synergy and industrial chain synergy,this model effectively overcomes the decentralization of management responsibility,different management objectives,great risks of engineering and technological innovation,and the large number of uncertain factors in project construction,and can stimulate the vitality and power of active coordination of project participants,to effectively realize the synergetic innovation of engineering technology and synergetic cost reduction of the whole chain,reduction of the balanced oil price of the project,and dispersion of the project investment risk.By adopting this model,a large proportion of difficult-to-produce reserves have been liberated,realizing the effective utilization of the difficult-to-produce oil and gas resources,and making the reserves an important supplement to ensure national energy security.

审美现代性视野下的狄更斯小说接受--以沈从文与左翼文学论争为中心

沈从文在生命观、价值观、自然描写、再造经典方面受到狄更斯创作启示与影响,他同左翼文学的几次论争,实际上是以生命观为核心的文学本体论同以政治为中心的文学工具论的较量。沈从文论争失败,导致他从狄更斯借鉴来的生命和人性为中心的审美现代性,在当代文学中的完全绝迹,使改革开放前的当代文学与世界文学距离不断拉大。

Study on Ba_(6-3x)Sm_(8+2x)Ti_(18)O_(54) Microwave Dielectric Ceramics

The effects of different x values on the dielectric properties in the Ba6-3xSm8+2xTi18O54 microwave dielectric ceramics(0.3≤x≤0.7) were studied. The results showed that the major crystal phase was BaSm2Ti4O12 and the sintering temperature of the ceramics was 1340 ℃ when the x value was 0.67. The dielectric properties were better: εr≈79, tanδ≈1×10-4(1 MHz); εr≈80, Q·f=9230 GHz(3.97 GHz), τf=-17 ppm·℃-1.

WORLD NEWS IN BRIEF(November 1-15, 1993)

The European Community’s Treaty on European Union takes effect on November 1. The Community Will be part of a European Union made up of the same 12 members but with the ambitious new goals of creating a single currency by the end of the century and forging common foreign and security policies. Government ministers from the 18 eastern and southern African nations adopted a treaty in Kampah on November Ⅰ to establish a

思政文化主题园的成功实践--广州文化公园文明苑营造手法和特色

党的十八大以来,中央高度重视培育和践行“社会主义核心价值观”(以下简称“价值观”),价值观主题园在此背景下应运而生。广州文化公园文明苑的建设,是将价值观元素融入园林营造的一次创新性实践。基于对文明苑的建设背景、设计理念、空间序列、核心节点的分析,梳理并总结出文明苑的营造特色为兼具园林游憩和主题展示功能的精巧布局、将园林意境与中华文明传承相交融的深远立意以及在建筑装饰、叠石技艺与植物造景上体现岭南地域文化。

EXACT SOLUTION FOR RECTANGULAR SLAB WITH THREE EDGES SIMPLY-SUPPORTED AND OTHER FREE

In this paper,we give all-sided pastic analysis of the rectangular slab with three edges simply-supported and other free.Here we discuss the following four cases:(1)The uniformly distributedload over the area a slab.(2).A concentrated load act at midpoint of free edges slab.(3)A concen-trated load act at the center a slab.(4)The line load act along free edge of slab.