Co-seismic deformation for the 2015 M_(W)7.8 Gorkha earthquake(Nepal)using near-field GPS data

Seasonal variations and common mode errors affect the precision of the Global Positioning System(GPS)time series.In this paper,we explore to improve the precision of coordinate time series,thereby providing a better detection of weak or transient deformation signals,particularly co-seismic signals.Based on 97 GPS stations,including the campaign and continuous GPS stations in Nepal and southern Tibet,we first consider seasonal variations and common errors,then obtain co-seismic deformation of the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal and southern Tibet.Our co-seismic rupture model is characterized by a shallow ramp and a deeper detachment fault,in agreement with the relocated aftershock sequence.Our results indicate that the earthquake rupture is mainly distributed in the upper-crustal fault,and the maximum slip is up to 8.0 m at~15.0 km depth located in the approximate-80 km east of the epicenter.The average slip is more than 5 m,and the total modelled magnitude is M_(W)7.84,consistent with the observed seismic moment.Our rupture model for the 2015 Gorkha earthquake suggests that the rupture zone is not only in the upper crustal Main Himalayan Thrust(MHT),but also spreads to the northern segment of the MHT.

Co-seismic slip distribution of the 2011 Tohoku(MW 9.0)earthquake inverted from GPS and space-borne gravimetric data

Data obtained by GRACE(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) have been used to invert for the seismic source parameters of megathrust earthquakes under the assumption of either uniform slip over an entire fault or a point-like seismic source.Herein, we further extend the inversion of GRACE long-wavelength gravity changes to heterogeneous slip distributions during the 2011 Tohoku earthquake using three fault models:(Ⅰ) a constant-strike and constant-dip fault,(Ⅱ) a variable dip fault, and(Ⅲ) a realistically varying strike fault. By removing the post-seismic signal from the time series, and taking the effect of ocean water redistribution into account, we invert for slip models I, II, and III using co-seismic gravity changes measured by GRACE, de-striped by DDK3 decorrelation filter. The total seismic moments of our slip models, with respective values of 4.9×10^(22) Nm, 5.1×10^(22) Nm, and 5.0×10^(22) Nm, are smaller than those obtained by other studies relying on GRACE data. The resulting centroids are also located at greater depths(20 km, 19.8 km,and 17.4 km, respectively). By combining onshore GPS, GPS-Acoustic, and GRACE data, we obtain a jointly inverted slip model with a seismic moment of 4.8×10^(22) Nm, which is larger than the seismic moment obtained using only the GPS displacements. We show that the slip inverted from low degree space-borne gravimetric data, which contains information at the ocean region, is affected by the strike of the arcuate trench. The space-borne gravimetric data help us constrain the source parameters of a megathrust earthquake within the frame of heterogeneous slip models.

一种车辆GPS轨迹数据的改进地图匹配算法

文中提出一种车辆GPS轨迹数据的改进地图匹配算法.以车辆GPS轨迹数据进行隐马尔可夫模型动态地图匹配后的缓冲区内候选路径为初始群体,以遗传算法中的改进的适应度函数为基准进行半交叉迭代,选择车辆轨迹更优的匹配路径;设计了改进地图匹配方法的算法流程;利用微软亚洲团队的GeoLift轨迹数据集验证了改进方法的有效性.

基于GPS数据的实验室制氢废液污染实时监测

为了提高制氢废液污染监测效果,文中提出基于GPS数据的实验室制氢废液污染实时监测方法。利用GPS系统采集污染数据,通过串口读取GPS数据,定位污染位置。以降低监测能耗为目的,采用在线监测机制和短信通知监测相互转换形式实现实验室制氢废液污染实时监测。结合GPS、GPRS、GIS三种技术对监测所得数据进行管理与分析,为实验室制氢废液污染治理提供技术支持。通过实际应用结果表明,文中设计方法监测能耗较低,安全性强,监测数据传输效率较高,证明所提方法具有较好的应用性能,可用于实验室制氢废液污染的实时监测。

Co-seismic fault geometry and slip distribution of the 26 December 2004, giant Sumatra–Andaman earthquake constrained by GPS, coral reef, and remote sensing data

We analyze co-seismic displacement field of the 26 December 2004, giant Sumatra–Andaman earthquake derived from Global Position System observations,geological vertical measurement of coral head, and pivot line observed through remote sensing. Using the co-seismic displacement field and AK135 spherical layered Earth model, we invert co-seismic slip distribution along the seismic fault. We also search the best fault geometry model to fit the observed data. Assuming that the dip angle linearly increases in downward direction, the postfit residual variation of the inversed geometry model with dip angles linearly changing along fault strike are plotted. The geometry model with local minimum misfits is the one with dip angle linearly increasing along strike from 4.3oin top southernmost patch to 4.5oin top northernmost path and dip angle linearly increased. By using the fault shape and geodetic co-seismic data, we estimate the slip distribution on the curved fault. Our result shows that the earthquake ruptured ＊200-km width down to a depth of about 60 km.0.5–12.5 m of thrust slip is resolved with the largest slip centered around the central section of the rupture zone78N–108N in latitude. The estimated seismic moment is8.2 9 1022 N m, which is larger than estimation from the centroid moment magnitude（4.0 9 1022 N m）, and smaller than estimation from normal-mode oscillation data modeling（1.0 9 1023 N m）.

基于FPGA的雷达/GPS数据融合存储系统设计

现阶段高速测绘成像雷达回波信号数据量大、传输速率快,完整的实时存储高精度GPS信息的雷达数据是测绘成像的关键,面对此类系统要求满足高精度、数据融合编帧、大容量、高速度、全程准确存储等一系列问题,该文设计一种高速雷达融合数据接口控制存储系统。该系统主控模块以FPGA作为主控芯片,接收10路30 MB/s的LVDS数据和1路GPS串口数据,并进行组合编帧,打包数据通过以太网发送给上位机,最后通过LabView上位机软件将数据存储在硬盘内。最终通过试验验证,可以完整无误地将融合采编数据存储在硬盘内。

Co-seismic Slip Distribution of the 2001 Kokoxili Earthquake Inverted by the GPS Data

The authors analyze co_seismic displacement field derived from the Global Position System (GPS) observations collected before and after the 2001 Kokoxili earthquake, western China. Using the co_seismic displacement data, and constrained with surface rupture data, they invert co_seismic slip distribution along the seismic fault. Their result shows that the earthquake ruptured the upper crust down to a depth of 13.1～22km (at 70% certainty), with its optimal estimate at 16.5km. A 2～3m left_lateral strike slip is resolved between the Sun Lake segment and the west end of the main rupture zone, although surface rupture has not been observed there. The surface rupture of this earthquake is ended at the Sun Lake to the west, but left_lateral slip of 1.5～2.0m seems to exist beyond the east end of surface rupture observed from field geology. Seismic moment release estimated using GPS and surface rupture measurement is 6.0×10 20 N·m, which is in good agreement with the result obtained from seismic wave inversion.

Comparison of Results of Different GPS Post-processing Software

In order to obtain high-precision GPS control point results and provide high-precision known points for various projects,this study uses a variety of mature GPS post-processing software to process the observation data of the GPS control network of Guanyinge Reservoir,and compares the results obtained by several kinds of software.According to the test results,the reasons for the accuracy differences between different software are analyzed,and the optimal results are obtained in the analysis and comparison.The purpose of this paper is to provide useful reference for GPS software users to process data.

基于GPS数据的高速公路行程时间估计与可靠性分析

准确地进行高速公路行程时间估计与可靠性分析对交通规划与缓解交通拥堵具有重要意义。针对目前行程时间估计准确性不高、可靠性分析不够全面的问题,提出基于BP神经网络的高速公路行程时间估计模型,并利用该模型计算的行程时间分析高速公路上车辆行驶的行程时间可靠性。以广州机场高速公路GPS浮动车数据为例进行实例验证,结果表明,与速度-时间积分法和位置-时间内插法相比,本文提出的模型提高了行程时间估计的准确度,同时能多方面地分析车辆行程时间的可靠性。

针对GPS信号干扰对ADS-B影响及干扰源定位的分析研究

近年来由GPS信号受干扰导致ADS-B数据异常的情况在全国多地屡见不鲜,ADS-B数据干扰异常严重影响了空管监视数据的质量。为了在信号干扰期间提高GPS干扰源排查定位效率,从空管监视数据质量的角度提出了一种基于ADS-B数据异常变化的GPS干扰源定位计算方法,该方法通过信号异常变化位置点建立二次曲面方程,通过线性降维迭代最小二乘的方法实现GPS干扰源的粗定位估算,该方法为GPS干扰源的快速定位提供了理论参考,对空管大范围空域GPS系统干扰源的检测定位具有一定的理论应用价值。

公交GPS历史轨迹数据挖掘方法研究与应用

通过分析公交数据更新的基本要素和挖掘类型,利用大数据挖掘原理,结合公交GPS历史数据的特点,提出了适用于公交GPS历史数据挖掘和更新的专用方法和算法,并引入机器学习模型提升挖掘算法能力,在此基础上设计了挖掘作业流程,通过结果对比,可得出在数据优化周期内,可作业率由15%提升至50%,线上数据更新频率由周级更新变为天级更新。以上数据挖掘方法和算法有效提高了更新效率,改进了更新准确率,在公交数据更新作业中发挥了重要作用,方便了公交用户出行,并助力绿色出行。

基于GPS双定位的智慧接地线定位系统

复杂电网结构的智慧接地线定位过程会受到其他线路的干扰,导致定位结果差,设计一种基于GPS双定位的智慧接地线抗干扰定位系统。对单片机处理器内部组成进行优化,在其中嵌入GPS定位模块和GSM定位模块,并分析了双定位模块的有关参数。计算不同信号所对应的载波相位与时间差,根据GPS/GSM双定位系统的信息接收模式进行数据信息融合,优化定位流程。系统性能测试结果表明,与传统定位系统相比,定位误差更小,定位精度更高,具有一定优越性。

基于卡尔曼滤波的北斗/GPS双模数据融合轨迹定位

全球卫星导航系统中,高精度定位是关键的性能指标之一。目前,我国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统(以下简称:BDS)与美国主导的全球卫星定位系统(GPS)处于世界领先地位。虽然其定位精度较高,但硬件级系统的固有问题,使定位仍然存在误差。该项目基于卡尔曼滤波法,通过双模定位模块,将BDS与GPS的定位数据进行融合,极大地提高了定位精度,降低了误差。

基于GPS与手机信令数据的上海货运枢纽交通特征研究

针对传统道路货运调查抽样率较低、调查成本较高、时效性较差,难以反映货运枢纽集散过程连续性和关联性特征的问题,基于货运交通流自有的时间序列特性,提出12t及以上货车GPS与道路匹配的方法和运用手机信数据令识别货车司机的方法,并给出数据模型结构和算法关键步骤。结论表明,用2种数据分析方法得到货运枢纽交通来源去向分布、集散路径及车速特征,与上海市交通运行年报反映的道路货运发展现状相符,通过手机信令数据识别出的货车司机人数与实际数量相当,所提出的货车集散路径算法具有准确性和实用性,为摸清货运枢纽道路交通空间利用状况,提高货运系统规划及运营管理水平提供技术支撑。

基于GPS授时的通信电源数据同步采集系统设计

为解决当前通信电源数据采集系统时效性较差、时间同步精度较低的问题,引入全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,GPS)授时,提出一种全新的通信电源数据同步采集系统。通过设计系统的硬件配置,搭建良好的硬件环境。在此基础上,设计系统采集数据包协议;利用GPS授时,设计数据采集时间同步逻辑;利用数据采集节点,采集并处理通信电源数据;建立同步数据库,对采集的通信电源数据进行有效的管理与存储。测试结果表明,应用该系统后,在通信电源数据量持续增加的情况下,系统时间同步精度始终达到98%以上,性能优势显著。

安全壳喷淋泵试验卸载时间超差原因分析及GPS校时模块应用优化

压水堆核电机组的计算机系统担负着对各个系统数据采集并送到主控室显示、对现场设备进行监测的重要任务。其中高精度时间显示作为核安全相关设备定期试验的重要参考依据,往往成为试验是否合格的关键。例如在执行应急柴油发电机组低负荷运行性能试验期间,多次出现了安全壳喷淋系统泵试验卸载时间超差的情况,导致该试验结果不合格。本文通过对秦山第二核电厂3、4号机组核电厂计算机系统数据采集监督的问题进行分析与探讨,找出了安全壳喷淋系统泵试验卸载时间不合格的根本原因,并制定了解决方案,最终通过分析与验证,该方案是合理可行的。

Co-seismic displacements of 2011 Japan Mw9.0 earthquake recorded by far-field GPS stations

Co-seismic displacements of the 2011 Mw9.0 Japan earthquake recorded by GPS stations in China and surrounding areas showed a movement toward the epicenter. The horizontal displacements were up to 1 - 3 cm in northeastern China, 3 -8 mm in the North China, and 2 cm in the Korean peninsula. The vertical movements in China were small uplifts.

Co-seismic deformation derived from GPS observations during April 20th,2013 Lushan Earthquake,Sichuan,China

We process the standard 30 s, static GPS data and the 1 s, high-rate GPS （HRGPS） data provided by the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China with GAMIT/GLOBK software package, and obtain the co- seismic displacements of near field and far field, and the epoch-by-epoch time series of HRGPS during Lushan earthquake. GPS data from about 20 sites in Sichuan province, which located between 40 and 450 km from the epicenter, are analyzed so as to study the characteristics of the static displacements and the dynamic crustal defor- mations, with periods ranging from several minutes to over a month. The result shows that： the static displacements caused by Lushan earthquake are limited to several centi- meters; the nearest station SCTQ at 43 km from the epi- center has the largest static displacement of about 2 cm, while the other stations generally have insignificant dis- placements of less than 5 mm. the stations in the east ofSichuan-Yunnan region shifts 5-10 mm toward the southwest, and the stations in the middle-west of Sichuan Basin moves indistinctively 1-2 mm toward the northwest; station SCTQ has the largest kinematic displacement of about 4 and 3 cm peak-to-peak on the north and east component, respectively, and is much greater than the static permanent displacement; for the stations located at a distance greater than 150 km from the epicenter, the kinematic motions are generally insignificant; exception- ally, station SCNC and station SCSN in central Sichuan Basin have significant kinematic motions although they are more than 200 km away from the epicenter.

GPR图像的数据集构建及其DRDU-Net去噪算法

为了解决生成对抗网络(Generative Adversarial Network,GAN)在生成探地雷达(Ground Penetrating Radar,GPR)图像时存在训练不稳定的问题,提出利用带有梯度惩罚的Wasserstein距离生成对抗网络(WGAN-GP)生成GPR图像,并结合时域有限差分法和实地采集图像提出了一种构建GPR图像数据集的方法.相较于原始GAN与Wasserstein GAN等方法,WGAN-GP具有更好的稳定性,而且生成的GPR图像更接近真实图像.在此基础之上,将密集残差块和U-Net相结合提出了一种适合于GPR图像的密集残差去噪U-Net方法.该方法利用U-Net中编码-解码结构提高了GPR图像的去噪性能;同时,密集残差块的引入加强了GPR图像的特征复用,且使U-Net训练更加稳定.最后,利用仿真实验验证了所提去噪方法的性能,并与三维块匹配(BM3D)和U-Net方法进行了对比.结果表明:所提方法与BM3D以及U-Net去噪方法相比,具有更好的去噪效果.当σ等于20时,在模拟和实测数据上取平均值,其峰值信噪比分别提升了约6.5 dB和2.4 dB;结构相似性分别提升了约0.09和0.04.

基于甘肃省货运 GPS 数据的货运走行时空规律探索

大数据时代背景下,对车辆的GPS(global positioning system,全球定位系统)轨迹数据进行研究分析,能够帮助交通管理者充分了解交通态势及发展趋势,为精细化管理提供数据支撑。为通过货运车辆运行情况探索甘肃省货运规律,以甘肃省货运车辆GPS数据为例,充分关联区域内的相关产业分布,分析货运走行规律,探索区域货运态势,通过等时差抽取估算法得到产业分布情况、货运OD(Origin and destination,起讫点)情况、货运通道偏好情况、货运车辆停留点分布情况等4项交通分析结果。采取等时差抽取估算法省去了对所有车辆逐一进行轨迹重构的工作量,可直接估算出道路的单公里货运车辆流量值,并且最终结果显示误差率在5%以内,可为同类研究提供借鉴。