Potential Risk of Transmission of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Infections by the Musca domestica Fly and the Periplaneta americana Cockroach in the City of Cotonou (South Benin)

Background: The occurrence of bacterial infections sometimes involves synanthropic flies and cockroaches, as mechanical vectors of pathogenic microorganisms. The aim of this study was to identify the different species of flies and cockroaches that cohabit with humans in the city of Cotonou and determine the contribution of Musca domestica and Periplaneta americana in the transmission of bacteria responsible for infections in humans. Methods: Capture sessions during the day for flies and at night for cockroaches were carried out in 4 arrondissements of the city of Cotonou. The insects collected were transported to the Center of Research Entomological of Cotonou for identification, then sent to the Section Hygiene of Water and Food for microbiological analysis, enumeration and testing for human pathogenic bacteria. Results: A total of 351 flies and 26 cockroaches were collected at the sites, including two synanthropic species belonging to two families each. Musca domestica and Periplaneta americana were the most abundant species found after identification in the city of Cotonou. Thermo-tolerant coliforms and Escherichia coli were found on all specimens at varying concentrations. Salmonella spp. bacteria were identified in the fly population from the Dantokpa dump. Conclusion: Flies and cockroaches can transmit microorganisms to humans. The presence of Salmonella spp. among the specimens revealed that infections frequently caused by contaminated food or water are also transmitted to humans by flies. The presence of these germs on flies and cockroaches represents a potential risk of mechanical transmission to humans. It is, therefore, essential to continue investigations in order to assess the species of bacteria propagated, improve control strategies against these troublesome insects and adopt better hygiene conditions for better living.

Periplaneta Americana Extract Ameliorates LPS-induced Acute Lung Injury Via Reducing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

Objective Acute lung injury(ALI)is an acute clinical syndrome characterized by uncontrolled inflammation response,which causes high mortality and poor prognosis.The present study determined the protective effect and underlying mechanism of Periplaneta americana extract(PAE)against lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced ALI.Methods The viability of MH-S cells was measured by MTT.ALI was induced in BALB/c mice by intranasal administration of LPS(5 mg/kg),and the pathological changes,oxidative stress,myeloperoxidase activity,lactate dehydrogenase activity,inflammatory cytokine expression,edema formation,and signal pathway activation in lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were examined by H&E staining,MDA,SOD and CAT assays,MPO assay,ELISA,wet/dry analysis,immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting,respectively.Results The results revealed that PAE obviously inhibited the release of proinflammatory TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1βby suppressing the activation of MAPK/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-treated MH-S cells.Furthermore,PAE suppressed the neutrophil infiltration,permeability increase,pathological changes,cellular damage and death,pro-inflammatory cytokines expression,and oxidative stress upregulation,which was associated with its blockage of the MAPK/Akt/NF-κB pathway in lung tissues of ALI mice.Conclusion PAE may serve as a potential agent for ALI treatment due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties,which correlate to the blockage of the MAPK/NF-κB and AKT signaling pathways.

美洲大蠊(Periplaneta americana L.)抗菌肽杀菌作用初步观察

报道了美洲大蠊(PeriplanetaamericanaL.)抗菌肽对大肠杆菌(EscherichiacoliK88)的作用过程.电镜观察表明,美洲大蠊抗菌肽首先使细菌的外层及细胞质膜损伤,形成开口,导致内容物外泄而死亡,最后菌体崩解成碎片.

Periplaneta americana extract used in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome

BACKGROUND:Periplaneta americana extract is recognized to have a positive effect on gastrointestinal mucosa.This study aimed to investigate the effects of periplaneta americana extract on immune function,nutrition status and gastrointestinal complications of early enteral nutrition patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS).METHODS:Patients with SIRS were randomly divided into two groups:treatment and control groups.All patients in the two groups received conventional therapy including enteral nutrition,but periplaneta americana extract,an additional Chinese medicine,was given to the patients in the treatment group.At the beginning of treatment(0 day)and 1,3,and 7 days after treatment,the levels of immunoglobulin(Ig A),total lymphocyte count(TLC),total protein(TP)and prealbumin(PA)were respectively tested in patients'venous blood.The incidences of bloating,diarrhea,aspiration pneumonia and high blood sugar at 7 days after treatment were recorded.The mortality of the patients in 28 days was recorded.RESULTS:At 3 and 7 days after treatment,the levels of Ig A and TLC in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).At 7 days after treatment,the levels of TP and PA in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidences of bloating and diarrhea in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group,the differences were significant(P<0.05).The mortality of treatment group was lower than that of the control group(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Periplaneta americana extract could reduce gastrointestinal complications and improve immune function and nutritional status in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

Exploration on Separation of Periplaneta Americana Small Peptides with Tricine-SDS-PAGE System

[ Objective] This study aimed to explore a Tricine-SDS-PAGE method for separation and purification of Periplaneta Americana small peptides. [ Method] By comparing the separation effects of three types of gels with different ratios on P. Americana small peptides, an appropriate Tricine-SDS-PAGE method for separation of small peptides was established. [ Result] Standard low molecular weight Marker was preliminarily separated to a certain extent with polyacrylamide gel electraphoresis, while the sample mixture was not separated due to the different levels of aggregation in separating gel, spacer gel and stacking gel. [Condusion] More appropriate polyacrylamide gel electrephoresis separation method or other better separation methods were to be further explored for separating peptide mixture with smaller molecular weight.

Separation of Antitumor Active Plypeptides from Periplaneta Americana by Ultra Filtration Technology

[Objective] The paper was to establish ultrafiltration membrane technology for separation of antitumor active plypeptides from Periplaneta Americana. [Method] Hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane（3 kDa）was used to separate antitumor active plypeptides from P. Americana. Through single factor test, the impact of rotation speed, concentration ratio, pH and operation time on separation effort was studied, and the separation technology conditions were further optimized through orthogonal test. [Result] The best technology conditions for separation of antitumor active plypeptides from P. Americana were as follows： rotation speed 4 500 r/min, concentration ratio 30%, pH 11, and the rotation speed was the major influencing factor. [Conclusion] The study laid foundation for industrialization of ultrafiltration membrane separation of antitumor active plypeptides from P. Americana.

美洲大蠊肠道菌株WA5-1-7的初步鉴定及其抗菌活性成分的研究

目的对具有抗白念珠菌活性的美洲大蠊肠道来源菌株WA5-1-7进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定,并对其次级代谢物进行分离纯化,从中筛选具有抗菌活性的单体化合物。方法采用染色法和扫描电子显微镜观察菌株形态;利用PCR技术扩增菌株16S rRNA,通过其基因序列与NCBI数据库进行BLAST比对并采用N-J法构建系统发育树。菌株发酵后经乙酸乙酯溶剂萃取获得粗提物,粗提物经硅胶柱层析、葡聚糖凝胶柱层析、HPLC分离纯化,获得单体化合物,经核磁共振、质谱数据与文献比对鉴定化合物结构,并检测化合物的抗菌活性。结果菌株WA5-1-7初步鉴定为环圈链霉菌(Streptomyces anulatus),从粗提物中分离出10个化合物,分别为SF2738F(1)、SF2738D(2)、环(脯氨酸-亮氨酸)二肽(3)、SF2738A(collismycin A,4)、环(苯丙氨酸-脯氨酸)二肽(5)、SF2738C(6)、1H-吲哚甲醛(7)、大豆黄酮(8)、放线菌素X2(9)、放线菌素D(10),其中化合物4、9和10有较强抗菌活性。结论本研究从美洲大蠊肠道来源链霉菌次级代谢产物中分离出具有抗菌活性的单体化合物,为深入探索美洲大蠊肠道菌奠定了基础。

荧光分析法测定美洲大蠊中多肽含量研究

荧光分析法是一种经济快速的分析方法,具有灵敏度高、选择性好、操作简单等优点。鉴于美洲大蠊多肽(DPSFNSWG-NH_(2))自身具有荧光的特性,通过实验建立一种美洲大蠊多肽(DPSFNSWG-NH_(2))的荧光检测新方法。实验结果表明,在最佳条件下,美洲大蠊多肽(DPSFNSWG-NH_(2))在0.12~31.25μg/mL浓度内与荧光强度之间具有良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为y=10.698x+14.625,R^(2)=0.994 2,检测限为0.09μg/mL,将所建立的新方法用于美洲大蠊药材中其多肽(DPSFNSWG-NH_(2))的测定,回收率为85.50%~89.47%。本研究方法操作简便、快速、准确,具有良好的分析应用前景,可用于美洲大蠊中DPSFNSWG-NH_(2)多肽的含量测定。

Fe_(3)O_(4)@ZIF-8-表面辅助激光解吸/电离质谱法检测美洲大蠊多肽

本实验在室温下合成了以Zn作为金属中心,2-甲基咪唑作为连接剂的磁性金属有机框架材料Fe_(3)O_(4)@ZIF-8,以Fe_(3)O_(4)@ZIF-8作为固体基质,通过建立Fe_(3)O_(4)@ZIF-8-表面辅助激光解吸/电离质谱(SALDI-MS)法,实现了美洲大蠊小分子多肽IPMTAPGL-NH_(2)、LTAPGL-NH_(2)、SLMTGPGL-NH_(2)、SLHTAPGL-NH_(2)的快速检测。实验优化了基质浓度、检测限和点样方法等条件,考察了该基质对美洲大蠊多肽IPMTAPGL-NH_(2)的质谱信号影响。与传统基质辅助激光解析电离质谱法(MALDI-MS)相比,Fe_(3)O_(4)@ZIF-8-SALDI-MS法检测背景更干净,目标多肽响应更强,检测灵敏度更高。该法可应用于血样中美洲大蠊多肽IPMTAPGL-NH_(2)的快速检测。

美洲大蠊提取物对便秘模型小鼠的影响

目的观察不同剂量美洲大蠊提取物对慢传输型便秘模型小鼠排便功能的影响。方法35只雄性C57BL/6J小鼠,随机分为对照组、模型组及美洲大蠊提取物高、中、低剂量组,每天给予盐酸洛哌丁胺灌胃造模及不同浓度的美洲大蠊提取物进行干预治疗,记录各组小鼠给药后粪便排泄数量及湿重;在实验结束前,收集各组小鼠粪便,采用16S rRNA分析其肠道菌群变化;同时测定各组小鼠首次排红便时间及小肠推进率。结果与对照组相比,模型组小鼠的粪便湿重、粒数,肠道推进率均降低;而排红便时间延长(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,各美洲大蠊治疗组小鼠的粪便湿重、粒数及小肠推进率增加,而排红便时间降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。16S rRNA分析显示美洲大蠊提取物可明显提升便秘小鼠肠道粪便中Lachnospiraceae NK4A136和酸性拟杆菌、Alistipes、Rikenella microfusus DSM 15922细菌的丰度。结论美洲大蠊提取物能够缓解盐酸洛哌丁胺诱导的小鼠便秘,其作用机制与调节肠道菌群有关。

美洲大蠊研粉干预脊髓半横断大鼠运动功能和自噬蛋白Beclin-1的表达

背景:脊髓损伤有氧化应激、炎症、凋亡、自噬等机制参与其中,激活自噬可改善脊髓损伤后的神经运动功能,对脊髓起保护作用。目的:探讨美洲大蠊研粉对脊髓半横断损伤大鼠后肢运动功能和损伤区域自噬蛋白Beclin-1的影响。方法:取30只6-8周龄SD大鼠,采用随机数字表法分为3组,每组10只:假手术组仅打开椎板,暴露脊髓后缝合;生理盐水组与美洲大蠊组均建立左侧脊髓半横断损伤模型,术后第1天开始分别灌胃给予生理盐水与美洲大蠊研粉,连续给药14 d。术后6 h及1,3,7,14 d行BBB评分,观察后肢运动功能的情况;给药14 d后处死大鼠,采用免疫组化染色、Western Blot检测、免疫荧光染色检测脊髓半横断损伤区域自噬蛋白Beclin-1的表达情况。结果与结论:①随着术后时间的延长,生理盐水组、美洲大蠊组大鼠BBB评分逐渐升高;与假手术组比较,生理盐水组、美洲大蠊组术后6 h及1,3,7,14 d的BBB评分均降低(P<0.05);美洲大蠊组术后7,14 d的BBB评分高于生理盐水组(P<0.05);②免疫组化染色显示,假手术组Beclin-1呈弱阳性表达,主要位于胞浆;生理盐水组Beclin-1主要位于胞浆,可见部分核膜表达;美洲大蠊组Beclin-1主要位于胞浆,可见部分核膜表达;生理盐水组、美洲大蠊组Beclin-1阳性细胞比例多于假手术组(P<0.05),美洲大蠊组Beclin-1阳性细胞比例多于生理盐水组(P<0.05);③Western Blot检测与免疫荧光染色显示,生理盐水组、美洲大蠊组Beclin-1蛋白表达高于假手术组(P<0.05),美洲大蠊组Beclin-1蛋白表达高于生理盐水组(P<0.05);④结果表明,美洲大蠊研粉能够改善脊髓半横断损伤大鼠的后肢运动功能,机制可能是美洲大蠊研粉中的多糖类物质增加了自噬蛋白Beclin-1的表达。

一亚热带蜚蠊(Periplaneta japanna)两地理种群间相异的光周期反应模式(英文)

为弄清光周期对一种亚热带蜚蠊(Periplaneta japanna)若虫发育的控制机理,检测了光周期对冲绳(26°N)和八丈岛(33°N)两个地理种群若虫发育的影响。结果表明,光周期显著影响两地理种群的若虫发育,然而,冲绳和八丈岛种群间显示不同的光周期反应模式。冲绳种群在长日条件下(LD16∶8h)若虫发育显著快于中间日长(LD14∶10h)和短日条件下(LD12∶12h)的若虫发育,孵化后60d或120d将若虫自LD16∶8h向LD12∶12h转移,若虫发育受到抑制,而自LD12∶12h向LD16∶8h转移,则促进若虫发育。八丈岛种群的若虫在短日条件下发育最快,其次是中间日长,长日条件下若虫发育最慢,孵化后60d或120d将若虫自LD16∶8h向LD12∶12h转移抑制若虫发育,反方向转移的若虫快速发育。两地理种群间不同的光周期反应模式可以认为是趋异进化的结果。

Periplaneta americana extract promotes infectious diabetic ulcers wound healing by downregulation of LINC01133/SLAMF9

Wound healing in diabetic ulcers remains a significant clinical challenge,primarily due to bacterial infection and impaired angiogenesis.Periplaneta americana extract(PAE)has been widely used to treat diabetic wounds,yet its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.This study aimed to elucidate these mechanisms by analyzing long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)expressions in the wound tissues from diabetic anal fistula patients treated with or without PAE,using high-throughput sequencing.Peripheral blood monocytes from patients were differentiated into M0 macrophages with human macrophage colony-stimulating factor(hMCSF)and subsequently polarized into M1 macrophages with lipopolysaccharide.The results indicated that LINC01133 and SLAMF9 were downregulated in wound tissues of patients treated with PAE.Furthermore,PAE suppressed M1 macrophage polarization and enhanced human umbilical vein endothelial cell(HUVEC)proliferation,migration,and angiogenesis.These effects were diminished when LINC01133 or SLAMF9 were overexpressed.Mechanistically,LINC01133 was shown to upregulate SLAMF9 through interaction with ELAVL1.Overexpression of SLAMF9 reversed the effects of LINC01133 silencing on macrophage polarization and HUVEC functions.In conclusion,PAE facilitates the healing of infected diabetic ulcers by downregulating the LINC01133/SLAMF9 pathway.

美洲大蠊糖蛋白对2种益生菌生长及其代谢产物的影响

目的:本实验旨在探究美洲大蠊糖蛋白(PAG)对植物乳杆菌和青春双歧杆菌生长及其代谢产物的影响。方法:在含不同浓度PAG的培养基(MRS培养基中PAG浓度分别为0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0 mg/mL;TPY培养基PAG浓度分别为1.0、2.0、4.0、8.0 mg/mL)中培养有益菌,并以菊粉为阳性对照,测定菌液的OD600值、pH以及代谢产物乳酸、短链脂肪酸(SCFAs,即乙酸、丙酸和丁酸)的含量。结果:PAG添加量达1.0 mg/mL时,促植物乳杆菌生长达到最佳,而青春双歧杆菌生长达到最佳时PAG浓度为2.0 mg/mL。添加PAG;1.0 mg/mL)的植物乳杆菌菌液的OD600值、乳酸和SCFAs产量较同浓度菊粉升高,而pH显著(P<0.05)降低。添加PAG(2.0 mg/mL)的青春双歧杆菌菌液的OD600值、丙酸和丁酸产量较同浓度菊粉升高,乳酸产量12 h优于菊粉,乙酸产量24 h优于菊粉,而pH降低,提示PAG促青春双歧杆菌产乳酸和SCFAs的效果与菊粉不相同。结论:PAG能够促进植物乳杆菌和青春双歧杆菌的增殖和有机酸量的生成,效果优于菊粉。

美洲大蠊抗肿瘤活性部位CII-3指纹图谱的建立及多成分含量测定

建立美洲大蠊抗肿瘤活性部位CII-3的HPLC指纹图谱及其核苷类成分的含量测定方法。采用Phenomenex Gemini C_(18) 110A(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈(A)-0.01%甲酸水(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱,测定16批供试品。采用“中药指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)”进行相似度评价,并对结果进行聚类分析(HCA)、主成分分析(PCA)、正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)。16批CII-3的HPLC指纹图谱中共有峰为16个,相似度介于0.870~0.982之间,HCA将CII-3分为3类,结合PCA、OPLS-DA分析筛选出3个导致批次间质量差异的标志物。指认出8种核苷类成分并测定了其含量,分别为胞嘧啶(0.50~1.17 mg·g^(-1))、腺嘌呤(0.54~2.10 mg·g^(-1))、鸟嘌呤(0.08~1.07 mg·g^(-1))、黄嘌呤(0.74~4.67 mg·g^(-1))、胸腺嘧啶(0.32~2.46 mg·g^(-1))、腺苷(1.02~7.67 mg·g^(-1))、肌苷(4.02~37.35 mg·g^(-1))、胸腺嘧啶核苷(0.56~1.86 mg·g^(-1)),8种核苷类成分在16批供试品中含量差异较大。该方法简单、准确,可为美洲大蠊抗肿瘤活性部位CII-3的质量控制提供理论依据。

美洲大蠊提取物PAS840的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性抑制作用及抗氧化能力观察

目的探讨美洲大蠊提取物PAS840的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)抑制活性和抗氧化活性。方法根据预实验确定最佳酶促反应条件得到的数据,AChE浓度为0.425U/mL、底物碘化硫代乙酰胆碱(ATCI)浓度为15mmol/L、反应时间为20min,采用改良的Ellman法进行酶促反应,检测不同浓度(7.8125、15.625、31.25、62.5、125、250μg/mL)PAS840对AChE催化ATCI分解的抑制率,计算其半数抑制浓度(IC_(50)),采用米氏方程相关的酶动力学实验测定PAS840对AChE的抑制类型。取不同浓度的PAS840溶液或维生素C(VC),采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)法检测其对DPPH自由基的清除率,采用总还原能力测定法检测其对铁氰化钾的还原率,采用水杨酸法检测其对羟自由基的清除率,并计算相关的IC_(50)。结果PAS840对AChE催化反应进程具有抑制作用,且随着PAS840作用浓度增加和时间延长,其抑制作用更为明显;随着PAS840作用浓度增加,AChE抑制率先逐渐升高再趋于平缓。PAS840抑制AChE催化ATCI分解的IC_(50)为22.30μg/mL,其抑制类型是混合性抑制。随着浓度的增加,PAS840、Vc对DPPH自由基的清除率均呈先升高后平稳的趋势;500μg/mLPAS840对DPPH自由基的清除率为93.95%,同等浓度Vc的清除率为97.31%;PAS840清除DPPH自由基的IC_(50)为43.21μg/mL。随着浓度的增加,PAS840对铁氰化钾的还原率呈先升高后平稳的趋势,Vc对铁氰化钾的还原率呈比较高的平稳趋势;3.0mg/mLPAS840对铁氰化钾的还原率为93.95%,同等浓度Vc的还原率为82.2%;PAS840还原铁氰化钾的IC_(50)为0.498mg/mL。随着浓度的增加,PAS840对羟自由基的清除率呈比较中等的平稳趋势,Vc对羟自由基的清除率呈逐渐升高趋势;1.8mg/mLPAS840对羟自由基的清除率为45.72%,其后逐渐趋于平缓,同等浓度Vc的清除率为74.06%;3.0mg/mLPAS840对羟自由基的清除率为47.83%,同等浓度Vc的清除率为89.73%;PAS840清除羟自由基的IC_(50)为3.65mg/mL。结论PAS840具有较强的AChE活性抑制作用和抗氧化能力。

基于TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB通路探讨美洲大蠊虫粉对脊髓损伤大鼠的保护作用

目的探讨美洲大蠊虫粉对脊髓损伤大鼠的保护作用和可能的机制。方法将48只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、盐水组、美洲大蠊虫粉组、TOLL样受体4(toll-like receptors,TLR4)抑制剂组。除假手术组外其余3组均构建大鼠脊髓半横断损伤模型。术后假手术组不做治疗,盐水组与美洲大蠊虫粉组分别给予生理盐水和美洲大蠊虫粉(630 mg/kg)灌胃处理,TLR4抑制剂组给予TLR4抑制剂(3 mg/kg)腹腔注射处理。术后1、3、7、14 d运用BBB评分评估大鼠后肢运动功能,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察脊髓组织病理改变,免疫组化观察神经元数目变化,酶联免疫法检测炎性因子IL-1、IL-6、IL-10和TNF-α表达,Western Blot检测TLR4、髓样分化因子(myeloid differentiation factor 88,MyD88)和NF-κB p65表达。结果与假手术组相比,盐水组BBB评分、神经元数目显著下降,而病理损伤程度、IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α、TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB p65水平显著增加(P<0.05),与盐水组相比,美洲大蠊虫粉组和TLR4抑制剂组增加了BBB评分、神经元数目、降低了病理损伤程度、IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α、TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB p65水平(P<0.05),与TLR4抑制剂组相比,美洲大蠊虫粉组更好地增加了BBB评分、神经元数目,降低病理损伤程度、IL-1、TNF-α表达。结论美洲大蠊虫粉可以通过抑制TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB通路减少脊髓损伤后炎性因子的产生,起到保护神经和促进运动恢复的作用。

美洲大蠊及其药渣影响鸡肠道免疫功能的研究进展

美洲大蠊是一种我国南方常见的蟑螂品种,有较高的食用、药用、饲用价值;具有增强免疫力、抗菌、组织修复、保护肠黏膜等生物学功能,且富含氨基酸、优质蛋白质和能提高机体免疫力的活性物质,因此被开发利用作为家禽优质蛋白质饲料或饲料添加剂。本文对美洲大蠊及其药渣的价值,鸡肠道功能,鸡肠道免疫的评估指标,美洲大蠊及其药渣对鸡肠道免疫的影响进行综述,旨在为美洲大蠊及其药渣在鸡饲料中的合理应用提供参考。

美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3对肝癌TAE术后细胞黏附分子水平的影响及其对肝脏的保护作用

目的 探讨美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3对肝癌经导管动脉栓塞(transcatheter arterial embolization, TAE)术后癌旁肝组织细胞黏附分子水平的影响及其对肝脏的保护作用。方法 东南大学荷瘤兔2只,新西兰大白兔50只。开腹瘤粒注射法建立兔VX2肝癌模型,影像学确认是否造模成功并评估肿瘤种植情况。将成功建模的45只实验兔随机分为3组,每组15只。对照组不做处理,TAE组用碘化油栓塞肿瘤供血动脉,CⅡ-3组于TAE术前连续3 d耳缘静脉注射CⅡ-3(16 mg/kg)。化学比色法检测各组实验兔术前及术后血清ALT及AST。免疫组化法检测各组癌旁肝组织PPAR-α、NF-κB表达水平。ELISA法检测各组癌旁肝组织细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)及血管细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)水平。RTPCR检测各组癌旁肝组织PPAR-α、NF-κB、ICAM-1、VCAM-1 mRNA表达水平。结果术前对照组、TAE组、CⅡ-3组ALT水平分别为(34.49±1.33)、(34.01±1.21)、(34.06±1.23) U/L,AST水平分别为(38.44±1.41)、(38.45±1.47)、(38.42±1.38) U/L,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后对照组、TAE组、CⅡ-3组ALT水平分别为(35.61±1.56)、(118.67±3.39)、(87.24±3.67) U/L,AST水平分别为(41.03±1.83)、(220.60±3.00)、(104.46±2.66) U/L;与对照组比较,TAE组、CⅡ-3组ALT及AST水平明显上升,但CⅡ-3组ALT及AST水平低于TAE组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。对照组、TAE组、CⅡ-3组ICAM-1水平分别为(1.74±0.13)、(3.43±0.19)、(1.81±0.13) ng/L;VCAM-1水平分别为(1.66±0.05)、(2.18±0.06)、(1.67±0.06) ng/L。对照组、TAE组、CⅡ-3组PPAR-α阳性分别为4、3、10只,NF-κB阳性分别为2、11、3只,与对照组、CⅡ-3组比较,TAE组NF-κB阳性率、NF-κB mRNA水平和ICAM-1、VCAM-1蛋白及mRNA水平明显升高;与对照组、TAE组比较,CⅡ-3组PPAR-α蛋白及mRNA水平明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 CⅡ-3可通过拮抗NF-kB的表达,降低ICAM-1、VCAM-1水平,达到减轻炎症反应,降低TAE术后肝损伤的作用。

肝龙胶囊对Balb/c裸鼠腋下移植瘤的影响

目的探讨肝龙胶囊对Balb/c裸鼠腋下移植瘤的影响。方法将人肝癌敏感株BEL-7402接种于裸鼠腋下造模,造模成功后将其分为模型组、索拉非尼组、CII-3组、脱脂膏组、肝龙胶囊高、中、低剂量组,正常裸鼠为空白组,连续给药14d。比较各组的抑瘤率、脏器指数、生化指标、缺氧微环境相关蛋白及其mRNA表达水平。结果各药物治疗组均能抑制肿瘤生长,其中肝龙胶囊中剂量组的平均抑瘤率最高;与模型组相比,各药物治疗组裸鼠的心脏指数、肾脏指数、肝脏指数、肺脏指数均有所升高,脾脏指数均有所下降,但多数变化不大;各项生化指标显示,肝龙胶囊安全性良好,并未出现明显的组织损伤;索拉非尼组、肝龙胶囊中剂量组裸鼠的低氧诱导因子1α(hypoxia-inducible factor-1α,HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)和血管内皮生长因子受体2(vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2,VEGFR2)的mRNA表达均显著低于模型组(P<0.05);免疫组织化学结果显示,各药物治疗组的VEGFR2、HIF-1α、VEGF、Ki-67和CD31蛋白表达均表现出不同程度的抑制,其中以索拉非尼组、肝龙胶囊中剂量组及CII-3组的抑制作用较强。结论肝龙胶囊可有效抑制Balb/c裸鼠腋下移植瘤的生长,并下调移植瘤中缺氧微环境相关蛋白及其mRNA表达水平。