According to the time&space conversion relations and different frequency phase detection principle,an ultra-high precision time&frequency measurement method is proposed in this paper.The higher accuracy and st...According to the time&space conversion relations and different frequency phase detection principle,an ultra-high precision time&frequency measurement method is proposed in this paper.The higher accuracy and stability of the speed of light and electromagnetic signals during the transmission in space or a specific medium enable the measurement of short time interval which uses the coincidence detection of signal’s transmission delay in length.The measurement precision better than 10 picoseconds can be easily obtained.The method develops the length vernier utilizing the stability of signal’s transmission delay,minimizes the fuzzy region of phase coincidence between the standard frequency signal and the measured signal,approaches the best phase coincidences and therefore improves the measurement precision which is higher than the precision provided by the traditional methods based on frequency processing.Besides,the method costs less than the traditional methods and can also solve the problem of the measurement of super-high frequency.Experimental results show the method can improve the measurement precision to 10 12/s in the time&frequency domain.展开更多
Previous experimental and theoretical studies have demonstrated that a weak signal can be amplified and optimized by the assistance of noise. The response of the system undergoes stochastic resonance(SR) like behavior...Previous experimental and theoretical studies have demonstrated that a weak signal can be amplified and optimized by the assistance of noise. The response of the system undergoes stochastic resonance(SR) like behavior. The underlying mechanisms are fairly simple and robust. This phenomenon has been observed in a large variety of systems, including physical and biological systems. In the nervous system, the majority of synaptic input is too weak to make neurons fire a spike. This weak(or subthreshold) signals detection is very important for animal survival, and pulse detection is a simple but basic task of neuronal information transmission and processing. Some studies have found that subthreshold signals can be transmitted by the application of external noise. However, neurons are subjected to various kinds of inherent noise. Recently, theoretical work has revealed that this inherent noise improves signals detection ability. The detection ability of a single neuron is limited, and the neuronal circuit can perform this task very well by detecting the synchronization of presynaptic potentials. Here, we review recent studies of subthreshold detection by both single neurons and neuronal circuits.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U1304618)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Precision Navigation and Timing Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No. 2012PNTT01)+5 种基金the Postdoctoral Grant of China (Grant Nos. 2011M501446, 2012T50798)the Basic and Advanced Technology Research Foundation of Henan Province under Grant (Grant No. 122300410169)The Key Science and Technology Foundation of Henan Province under Grant (Grant No. 132102210180)the Doctor Fund of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry under (Grant No. 2011BSJJ031)the Scientific Research Fund of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry under (Grant No. 2012XJJ009)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No. K5051204003)
文摘According to the time&space conversion relations and different frequency phase detection principle,an ultra-high precision time&frequency measurement method is proposed in this paper.The higher accuracy and stability of the speed of light and electromagnetic signals during the transmission in space or a specific medium enable the measurement of short time interval which uses the coincidence detection of signal’s transmission delay in length.The measurement precision better than 10 picoseconds can be easily obtained.The method develops the length vernier utilizing the stability of signal’s transmission delay,minimizes the fuzzy region of phase coincidence between the standard frequency signal and the measured signal,approaches the best phase coincidences and therefore improves the measurement precision which is higher than the precision provided by the traditional methods based on frequency processing.Besides,the method costs less than the traditional methods and can also solve the problem of the measurement of super-high frequency.Experimental results show the method can improve the measurement precision to 10 12/s in the time&frequency domain.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11275084)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu ProvinceChina(Grant No.1506RJZA040)
文摘Previous experimental and theoretical studies have demonstrated that a weak signal can be amplified and optimized by the assistance of noise. The response of the system undergoes stochastic resonance(SR) like behavior. The underlying mechanisms are fairly simple and robust. This phenomenon has been observed in a large variety of systems, including physical and biological systems. In the nervous system, the majority of synaptic input is too weak to make neurons fire a spike. This weak(or subthreshold) signals detection is very important for animal survival, and pulse detection is a simple but basic task of neuronal information transmission and processing. Some studies have found that subthreshold signals can be transmitted by the application of external noise. However, neurons are subjected to various kinds of inherent noise. Recently, theoretical work has revealed that this inherent noise improves signals detection ability. The detection ability of a single neuron is limited, and the neuronal circuit can perform this task very well by detecting the synchronization of presynaptic potentials. Here, we review recent studies of subthreshold detection by both single neurons and neuronal circuits.
