This paper studies a heavy snowfall in Beijing that took place on 1 November 2009. The date of the snowfall was about one month earlier than the average. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanal...This paper studies a heavy snowfall in Beijing that took place on 1 November 2009. The date of the snowfall was about one month earlier than the average. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data, conventional data, and Automatic Weather Station (AWS) data are utilized to explore the reasons for the snowfall and the influencing systems. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) It is revealed from the average geopotential height and average temperature fields at 500 hPa that the large scale circulation in November 2009 was favorable to snowfall. The cold-dry air from West Siberia and the warm-moist air from the Bay of Bengal converged in North China. In addition, it was found from the average moisture flux field at 700 hPa that the main water vapor source was in the Bay of Bengal. (2) Not only the "return current", as usually accepted, but also the inverted trough on the current had an important contribution to the snowfall. The inverted trough could produce the obvious upward motion that is an important environmental condition of snowfalls. (3) More attention should be paid to mesoscale systems such as mesolows during the cold season because of their importance, though they do not occur as frequently as in the warm season. It should be pointed out that AWS data are very useful in mesoscale system analysis during both warm and cold seasons.展开更多
To help the forecast of cold weather activity, the cold weather process in the North China from October 20 to 23, 2020 was analyzed by the methods of utilizing statistical analysis, such as composite, differential ana...To help the forecast of cold weather activity, the cold weather process in the North China from October 20 to 23, 2020 was analyzed by the methods of utilizing statistical analysis, such as composite, differential analysis and correlation analysis, and by using the data from the National Meteorological Information Center of China, the National Climate Center of China and the NECP data from NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory. The results show that: 1) the cold air started from Siberia, took the east path to move southward, and finally affected most part of North China. 2) Almost no obvious weather occurred during the process. 3) The cold air mainly moved along with the form and development of the trough and ended when the trough got weaken.展开更多
In November 2021, Northeast China had more precipitation than in the same period. Among them, Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces in the Northeast China were the highest precipitation in the same period. I study a snowfa...In November 2021, Northeast China had more precipitation than in the same period. Among them, Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces in the Northeast China were the highest precipitation in the same period. I study a snowfall weather process from November 5 to 9, which mainly includes dynamic situation, synoptic background and situation. The results show that: In the middle and high latitudes of Eurasia, circulation is adjusted from zonal to meridional with large fluctuations. The northerly wind behind the trough continuously transports the polar cold air to the south. The northwest airflow behind the trough led the cold air to erupt to the southeast. In the process of moving southward, the cold air meets the warm and humid air in front of the trough, causing snowfall in the northeast. The southerly airflow and southeasterly airflow on the east side of the vortex continued to transport warm and humid airflow from the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan, which enhanced the snowfall.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2009CB421401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40930951)
文摘This paper studies a heavy snowfall in Beijing that took place on 1 November 2009. The date of the snowfall was about one month earlier than the average. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data, conventional data, and Automatic Weather Station (AWS) data are utilized to explore the reasons for the snowfall and the influencing systems. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) It is revealed from the average geopotential height and average temperature fields at 500 hPa that the large scale circulation in November 2009 was favorable to snowfall. The cold-dry air from West Siberia and the warm-moist air from the Bay of Bengal converged in North China. In addition, it was found from the average moisture flux field at 700 hPa that the main water vapor source was in the Bay of Bengal. (2) Not only the "return current", as usually accepted, but also the inverted trough on the current had an important contribution to the snowfall. The inverted trough could produce the obvious upward motion that is an important environmental condition of snowfalls. (3) More attention should be paid to mesoscale systems such as mesolows during the cold season because of their importance, though they do not occur as frequently as in the warm season. It should be pointed out that AWS data are very useful in mesoscale system analysis during both warm and cold seasons.
文摘To help the forecast of cold weather activity, the cold weather process in the North China from October 20 to 23, 2020 was analyzed by the methods of utilizing statistical analysis, such as composite, differential analysis and correlation analysis, and by using the data from the National Meteorological Information Center of China, the National Climate Center of China and the NECP data from NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory. The results show that: 1) the cold air started from Siberia, took the east path to move southward, and finally affected most part of North China. 2) Almost no obvious weather occurred during the process. 3) The cold air mainly moved along with the form and development of the trough and ended when the trough got weaken.
文摘In November 2021, Northeast China had more precipitation than in the same period. Among them, Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces in the Northeast China were the highest precipitation in the same period. I study a snowfall weather process from November 5 to 9, which mainly includes dynamic situation, synoptic background and situation. The results show that: In the middle and high latitudes of Eurasia, circulation is adjusted from zonal to meridional with large fluctuations. The northerly wind behind the trough continuously transports the polar cold air to the south. The northwest airflow behind the trough led the cold air to erupt to the southeast. In the process of moving southward, the cold air meets the warm and humid air in front of the trough, causing snowfall in the northeast. The southerly airflow and southeasterly airflow on the east side of the vortex continued to transport warm and humid airflow from the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan, which enhanced the snowfall.
文摘利用2003-2013年地面观测资料、探空资料及NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料,分析了近10 a甘肃省雨雪转换的时空分布特征,获得了复杂地形条件下相态转换的温度预报组合指标,结果表明:(1)雨雪相态转化主要发生在过渡季节的春季和秋季,占总次数的83.5%,空间上有三个高发区。(2)相态的转换发生在高原槽东移产生降水的环流形势下,通常500 h Pa冷平流清晰并沿西北、西方、北方等3条路径影响甘肃。当沿西北路径移动时,高原槽主体深厚,冷平流强度最强,河东大部发生雨雪转换,当沿西方路径移动时,高原槽浅且位置偏南,北方冷空气较弱,仅高原边坡、陇中及陇东中南部出现转换。(3)T_(地面)>3.0℃、T_(地面)<-1.0℃、-1.0℃<T_(地面)<3.0℃是雨、雪、雨夹雪相态转换的前提条件,在此前提下获得了三类站点相态转换的不同层次温度组合指标,经检验,该指标预报效果较好。
