Collaboration Between the Centre Spatial de Liège and China

Created in 1962,the Centre Spatial de Liège(CSL)(IAL Space at that time)is an applied research center owned by University of Liège,focused on design,integration and calibration of space observation instruments,including environmental test facilities and high level laboratories.

A comparative analysis of China and other countries in metabolic engineering: Output, impact and collaboration

In recent years,metabolic engineering has made great progress in both academic research and industrial applications.However,we have not found any articles that specifically analyze the current state of metabolic engineering in China in comparison with other countries.Here,we review the current development and future trends of global metabolic engineering,conduct an in-depth benchmarking analysis of the development situation of China’s metabolic engineering,and identify current problems as well as future trends.We searched publications in the Scopus database from 2015 to September 2020 in the field of metabolic engineering,and analyzed the output in general,including publication trends,research distribution,popular journals,hot topics and vital institutions,but also analyzed the share of citations,field-weighted citation impact,and production in collaboration with strategic countries in science and technology.This study aims to serve as a reference for later studies,offering a comprehensive view of China’s contribution to metabolic engineering,and as a tool for the elaboration of national public policy in science and technology.

“China Shock”or China Dividend?-China GVC Participation’s Effects on Trading Partners’Technological Progress

This paper explores the effects of China’s global value chain(GVC)participation on technological progress in trading-partner countries based on estimated data on value-added trade between China and 52 trading partners.We find that,first,although China’s exports lowered the total factor productivity(TFP)of its trading partners(competitive effect),its imports greatly increased trading partners’TFP(effect of scale).This implies that China’s GVC participation is beneficial to its trading partners’technological progress in the form of a considerable technology dividend effect.Second,China’s export dividend effect compensates for the negative effect of Chinese competition on trading partners’technological progress;the innovation effects attributable to China’s imports reinforce the positive effects of scale on technological progress.When innovation is factored in,the China dividend thus becomes further reinforced.Third,China’s merchandise imports have a diminishing positive effect on technological progress in trading partners as geographical distance increases,but trade in services transcends geographical boundaries,and the positive technological progress effect of China’s service imports do not diminish as distance increases.We find that the“China dividend”from China’s GVC participation is a significant contributor to technological progress in partner nations,and China’s imports are conducive to innovation and technological progress in developed countries in the long run.

The Paradigm Shifts in Bangladesh and China Relations in the New Global Political Architecture

Chinese President Xi Jinping's visit to Bangladesh in October2016 has dramatically uplifted the strategic value of Bangladesh to the world and presented new opportunities to Bangladeshs' security,political and economic interests.Bangladesh and China have agreed to elevate‘the closer comprehensive partnership of cooperation'to a ‘strategic partnership'.China's B&R initiative is perhaps a major project for Bangladesh to promote economic development and to connect itself with global markets.

China, Bangladesh sign framework agreement on oil pipeline project

The Bangladeshi government signed a framework agreement with China for construction of a 220-km pipeline to carry oil from tankers in the Bay of Bengal to storage plants on Chinese mainland.Bangladesh’s Economic Relations Department(ERD)Secretary Kazi Shofiqul Azam and Chinese Ambassador to Bangladesh Ma Mingqiang signed the framework agreement in

Autonomy and Coordinating Mechanisms of State-Society Boundary Organizations in China's Mainland

State-society boundary organizations face the challenge to maintain autonomy as well as flexibilities to respond to various goals and needs of state and non-state actors.Chinese state used to exert much control over intermediary NGOs(boundary organizations)and some have become bureaucratized.Recent reforms have sought to transform them to be more autonomous from the government and more responsive to NGOs.This paper investigates the managerial autonomy and coordinating mechanisms of 29 intermediary NGOs in Shanghai,Beijing and Guangdong.Regardless whether they are initiated by the state or non-state actors,as boundary organizations,they can effectively play a bridging role when they simultaneously deploy multiple mechanisms to sustain autonomy and at the same time integrate differences of interests between state and non-state actors.

LeNS China:A Chinese learning network on sustainability for the development and diffusion of teaching materials and tools on design for sustainability

It is a shared opinion that sustainable development requires a system discontinuity, meaning that radical changes in the way we produce and consume are needed. Within this framework there is an emerging understanding that an important contribution to this change can be directly linked to decisions taken in the design phase of products, services and systems. Design schools have therefore to be able to provide design students with a broad knowledge and effective Design for Sustainability tools, in order to enable a new generation of designers in playing an active role in re-orienting our consumption and production patterns. This paper presents the intermediate results of the LeNS China, the Learning Network on Sustainability of Chinese design Higher Education Institutions aiming at curricula development on Design for Sustainability. The project is a regeneration of the LeNS Asian-European multi-polar network project financed by the European Commission. LeNS China is taking in consideration the local needs, interests and opportunities could represent a significant enabling platform capable to sensitise, support and empower a new generation of Chinese design educators, designers and entrepreneurs to reach design practice throughout an open collaborative learning approach. The paper will firstly introduce the LeNS project and its ethos, and then the LeNS China network will be described in terms of the state of the art of design for sustainability and its education in China, the scope and the objective, the results achieved so far and the next steps.

The Role of Chittagong Port Authority to Develop Other National Ports in Bangladesh to Provide Maritime Logistics Support in South Asia

Chittagong Port is the principal seaport in Bangladesh that has contributed to the national economy with the opportunity to be a world-class regional port in South Asia.Cooperation among the three national ports Chittagong,Mongla and Payra is essential to do maritime logistics business in the region after serving the nation proudly.Here,Chittagong Port Authority(CPA)has the opportunity to help others in the process of port development for increasing efficiency and productivity by providing financial and technical assistance because of its financial and technical capabilities as a pioneer seaport in the port world.This paper examines the role of CPA to bolster and develop the underutilized Mongla Port and newly established Payra Port,where qualitative research methodology is applied to explore the ways,by which CPA can assist,link and integrate with others effectively,especially in developing the port infrastructure and inland transport networks.In addition,the research found the prospectus of Mongla and Payra to supply port services to the neighbors India,Nepal,and Bhutan as well as serve the South-West part of China with the aim of increasing regional connectivity and promoting international trade in those basically landlocked areas and countries of Asia.

差序协同:跨域环境治理多元主体的合作图式

中国式现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化。伴随中国式现代化向纵深推进,跨域环境治理在复杂的主体利益关系模式下表征为圈层嵌套式的差等网络结构与级序行动逻辑,即差序协同模式。从环境污染正在经历的由局部向广域转变的解域化过程来看,差序协同既源自于跨域环境治理知识生产者与接受者的分离,又归因于权力结构内部权力主客体的互动关系。受此影响,跨域环境治理极易陷入过密治理与试点空转以及制度悬浮与行为失调的藩篱与窠臼,由此阻碍“制度—效能”转化,以致“局部有效而整体失效”“有组织的不负责任”样态此起彼伏。为达到“收放自如,进退裕如”的国家治理高度,就我国跨域环境治理体系而言,我们应将政府、市场与社会视为一个抽象的连续体,并以链式思维消解行政替代困境和自治缺位困境。

中德农业科技创新合作现状、问题及建议

国际农业科技合作不仅为世界各国创新发展积累经验,而且也推动了新知识与新技术的广泛传播和应用,并为经济增长和可持续发展寻找新动能,造福全人类。在中共二十大报告中,将扩大国际科技交流合作与加强国际化科研环境建设作为重点强调内容。德国作为农业科技强国,农业科技在许多领域都处于世界较为领先地位。中国作为世界农业大国,其农业科技发展水平与世界农业强国还存在一定差距。中德两国具有良好的农业科技合作基础,促进和加强两国不同创新主体之间的创新合作,既符合两国国际科技合作战略目标,又有利于共同应对和解决区域性和全球性重大农业挑战问题。为此,首先系统梳理了两国农业科技发展特点及合作基础,在此基础上,着重分析了促进和加强双方在农业科技创新领域合作的现实需求以及现有合作中存在的一些问题,最后,针对上述问题,从项目管理、合作成果考核评价、相关利益方参与度、资助模式以及中德农业科技创新平台功能挖掘等角度提出了双方在农业科技创新领域加强合作的对策建议,以其为两国未来农业科技创新合作机制的深入探索与思考提供借鉴与参考。

东北三省高等教育助力共同富裕的实证研究

共同富裕是满足人民对美好生活向往的重要方面,高等教育的振兴是事关经济与社会发展的关键因素。本研究选取黑龙江、吉林、辽宁东北三省2012—2021年36个城市共10年的数据,基于“富裕”和“共同”两个维度构建共同富裕指数,通过构建SYS-GMM模型分析东北三省高等教育对实现共同富裕的影响效应。研究表明:振兴东北三省高等教育将会显著促进共同富裕的实现,在其他变量保持不变的前提下,东北三省高等教育发展水平每提升1个单位,共同富裕指数提升1.452个单位;东北三省高等教育发展不仅能促进收入提升,还能有效缩小收入差距;东北三省产业结构在高等教育助力实现共同富裕的过程中发挥显著的正向调节效应,即产业结构优化升级将有助于东北三省高等教育推动实现共同富裕。因此,东北三省要全力加强高等教育强省建设,制定实施东北三省高等教育一体化发展与融通战略;要提高东北三省农村地区高等教育招生录取比例,促进教育成果服务地方惠及大众;要以“四个面向”为指引,推进东北三省产业结构升级,加强科研成果转化,构筑产教协同机制。

“蓝色经济”战略背景下高校图书馆区域协作与服务路径探析——以中国海洋大学图书馆为例

为了了解目前高校图书馆区域协作理论研究与实践发展的基本情况,以中国海洋大学图书馆为例,从涉海特色文献资源与信息服务体系建设、参与区域协作发展与服务模式几个方面,总结服务地方“蓝色经济”发展的情况。针对高校图书馆区域协作普遍存在的问题,提出服务“蓝色经济”发展,健全区域协作与服务体系的建议。

新时代中国区域协同治理解析与关键议题探讨

面向新时代全球资本的“再地方化”转变,产业链、供应链发生近域重组,区域治理被赋予新的时代价值。基于区域协同治理的“客观响应+主动作为”双向驱动机制,重新解析其在时代大背景中的演变历程,揭示区域协同治理已逐步成为产业链与供应链安全、可控的重要保障。总结国际成熟经验,立足本土实践反思,提出新时代中国区域协同治理面对“竞争”与“合作”、“上层”与“下层”、“政府”与“市场”的3个关键议题,倡导转向共建共治共享共赢的发展观念,建立打破行政藩篱的双层管理创新体制机制,形成政府与市场双轨驱动的区域协同治理模式。

“抱团取暖”可以应对“寒冬”吗? 贸易政策不确定性与企业协同创新 ——来自中美贸易摩擦的经验证据

基于2018年美国政府发起的对华贸易战,运用广义双重差分模型考察贸易政策不确定性对企业协同创新的影响及其作用渠道与经济后果。研究发现:贸易政策不确定性通过加剧融资约束、降低风险承担能力的作用渠道驱动中国企业选择“抱团取暖”,即以“协同创新”的方式谋求技术突破和研发攻关以抵御外部风险。调节效应检验结果发现:当上市公司属于高新技术企业时,贸易政策不确定性对协同创新的驱动效应更为显著;数字化转型为企业间创新要素的聚拢和流动提供了便利,较高的知识产权保护力度降低了企业协同创新中知识被模仿和窃取的风险,因此两者均能够强化贸易政策不确定性对企业协同创新的驱动作用。进一步区分协同创新的主体后发现:当企业面临贸易政策不确定性时,更倾向于选择与供应链上下游企业、高校及科研机构进行协同创新。并且,贸易政策不确定性在促使企业选择协同创新后可显著提升企业未来一期、二期、三期的全要素生产率,从而证实“抱团取暖”的协同创新方式确实能够帮助企业安稳度过“寒冬”。本文丰富了协同创新的驱动机制研究,也为企业在急剧变化的外部贸易环境中以“抱团”方式寻求理性出路提供了参考与借鉴。

贯彻最有利于学前儿童的原则:立法与实践的双重审视

学前教育高质量发展是实现“幼有优育”的必由之路,而立法则是促进学前教育高质量发展的有力保障。《中华人民共和国学前教育法(草案)》以最有利于学前儿童的原则为根本立场,旨在解决学前教育实践中面临的诸多问题。《草案》强调以公益普惠为基本方向,保障学前儿童的受教育权和参与权;推进科学保教,遵循学前儿童的身心发展规律;规定家园社三方协同育人责任,优化学前儿童的成长环境。尽管《草案》在许多方面具有前瞻性和指导意义,充分体现了对学前儿童权益的高度重视,但在具体实施上,仍需进一步完善相关条款,健全相应的制度保障。

南海海洋环境保护的法治保障研究

南海作为中国三大边缘海之一,以其特殊的地理位置和战略意义备受国际关注,随着蓝色海洋和经济转型的不断发展,南海海洋环境保护问题频发。文章在阐释南海海洋环境保护的重要性基础上,分析南海的国际国内地位以及相应的法律规定,通过海洋污染、海洋保护区的国内外法律规制方面展开讨论南海现存的海洋环境保护的法治现状,从国际、国内双视角分析现存南海海洋环境保护的法治问题,主张在国际上实现区域协同合作、制定环境保护法规,在国内建立环境保护专门性机构、加强具体法律规制以及协调划分职权范围等方面探讨南海海洋环境保护的法治保障路径,促进南海海洋环境良性发展,实现海洋蓝色经济高质量转型。

体卫融合背景下我国城市老年体育社群协同治理机制研究

在体卫融合背景下,本文以城市老年体育社群为研究对象,采用文献资料法与案例分析法,借助协同治理理论,从体卫融合的视角对城市老年体育社群进行剖析。在对协同治理理论的内涵与特征进行阐释的基础上,解析城市老年体育社群的运行机制,分析协同治理理论在城市老年体育社群治理过程中的多维度作用。在参与主体层面,关注城市老年体育社群内各利益相关方之间的协同互动,探讨政府、社区、社会组织、老年人等多元主体之间的合作与协作机制。在组织运作层面,将焦点置于城市老年体育社群内部的治理结构与资源利用,深入研究协同治理理论在促进社群资源整合、共享与协同发展方面的实际效果。在协同治理理论指导下形成城市老年体育社群的雏形,提升城市老年体育社群的治理能力,进而助推中国老年体育社群建设,助力实现“体育强国”与“健康中国”战略。

中缅印度洋新通道的地缘经济合作障碍及其协作机制

中缅印度洋新通道是推进中缅地缘经济合作和“一带一路”建设的重要载体,解析中缅印度洋新通道的地缘经济合作障碍及其协作机制,将为提升中缅印度洋新通道的地缘经济效应和加强中缅地缘经济合作提供重要的科技支撑。中缅印度洋新通道的地缘经济合作障碍不仅有地理环境的阻碍,更有中缅经济发展差异、复杂武装冲突干扰、大国干预掣肘和多元利益主体博弈的地缘风险的束缚。中缅印度洋新通道的地缘经济合作并不是一种区域控制战略工具,而是打造一条交通物流、供应链、产业链、价值链深度关联的国际贸易走廊。为了推进中缅印度洋新通道的地缘经济合作,中缅印度洋新通道建设应构建多层次的地缘经济合作协作机制。在国家层面,应通过推动中缅印度洋新通道与“一带一路”倡议的融合、强化中缅政策沟通机制对接、制定中缅印度洋新通道长远发展战略规划来加强中缅发展战略对接。在通道层面,应通过推动内外部基础设施联动、强化跨境地缘经济要素流动和产业协作、深化面向缅甸及印度洋地区的经贸合作来升级中缅印度洋新通道地缘经济效应。在利益主体层面,应通过强化多方利益对接、统筹中缅口岸协调对接机制、创建立体化新通道风险防范机制来构建多元利益主体参与的协商机制。