Electroacupuncture improves neurovascular unit reconstruction by promoting collateral circulation and angiogenesis

Acupuncture at Shuigou（GV26） shows good clinical efficacy for treating stroke, but its mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, a cerebral infarction model of ischemia/reperfusion injury received electroacupuncture at GV26（15 Hz and 1 m A, continuous wave [biphasic pulses], for 5 minutes）. Electroacupuncture effectively promoted regional cerebral blood flow on the infarct and non-infarct sides, increased infarct lesions, lectin, and number of blood vessels, upregulated von Willebrand factor and cell proliferation marker Ki67 expression, and diminished neurological severity score. These findings confirm that electroacupuncture at GV26 promotes establishment of collateral circulation and angiogenesis, and improves neurological function.

Association of atherosclerotic plaque features with collateral circulation status in elderly patients with chronic carotid stenosis

Objective To determine the association of carotid plaque features with collateral circulation status in elderly patients with moderate to severe carotid stenosis.Methods Elderly patients(>60 years)with moderate to severe carotid stenosis were recruited and categorized into good and poor collateral circulation groups,and underwent magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography imaging.The carotid plaque features including lipid-rich necrotic core,intraplaque hemorrhage,calcification,and fibrous cap rupture(FCR)were evaluated,and maximum wall thickness,normalized wall index(NWI),and luminal stenosis were measured.The association between these variables and collateral circulation status was analyzed.Results Of the 97 patients(78 males,mean age:69.0±6.1 years),19(19.6%)had poor collaterals.The poor collateral group had a significantly higher NWI(93.7%±5.0%vs.89.0%±7.9%,P=0.011),a greater extent of stenosis(80.0%±11.4%vs.75.3%±9.4%,P=0.036)and FCR(84.2%vs.55.1%,P=0.020)compared with good collateral group.Carotid NWI(OR=3.83,95%CI:1.36–10.82,P=0.011)and more FCR(OR=6.77,95%CI:1.35–33.85,P=0.020)were associated with poor collateral circulation after adjustment for the confounding factors.The combination of NWI,FCR,systolic blood pressure,and triglycerides had the highest area-under-the-curve(AUC=0.85)for detection of poor collaterals.Conclusions Carotid plaque features,specifically NWI and FCR,are independently associated with poor collateral circulation,and the combination of carotid plaque features and traditional risk factors has a stronger predictive value for poor collateral circulation than plaque features alone.

Angiographic Evaluation of Coronary Collateral Circulation Patterns in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Requiring Surgical Revascularization

Background: Coronary artery disease is highly prevalent in India with onset at a younger age. Coronary collateral circulation plays an important role in protecting myocardium from infarction, preserving myocardial contractility and reducing cardiovascular events. The objective of the present study is to assess the pattern of coronary collateral circulation in known cases of coronary artery disease with correlation to age, gender and degree of occlusion. Method: This is a retrospective study done on 200 preoperative angiograms in patients with coronary artery disease. Patients were classified according to age, gender and degree of obstruction in major vessels. Collateral vessels were graded according to the Rentrop classification. Patients with collaterals were further classified on the basis of intensity of collaterals into 3 groups: those with no collateralization (Grade 0), poor collateralization (Grade 1) and those with adequate collateralization (Grade 2 - 3). Results: Collateral development was seen in 175 (87.5%) angiograms. Collaterals were seen in 66% for left anterior descending (LAD), 44.5% for circumflex (LCx) and 70.5% for right coronary artery (RCA) block. Coronary collaterals between LAD and posterior descending artery (PDA) via ventricular septal branches were most common pathways. Adequate collaterals were seen in 53% males and 29.3% females (p 50 years and in 32% in cases with age p = 0.014) and 54.8% cases with arterial obstruction > 90%. Conclusion: Collateral circulation between LAD and PDA via ventricular septal branches is the commonest pathway to develop. Although prevalence of LAD occlusion is higher but collaterals develop more for RCA occlusion. Adequate collaterals develop more frequently in males, cases above 50 years and in vessels with >90% obstruction.

Evaluation value of CTA for vertebrobasilar artery stenosis in patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction and its correlation with serum biochemical indexes

Objective: To study the evaluation value of CTA for vertebrobasilar artery stenosis in patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction and its correlation with serum biochemical indexes. Methods: A total of 148 patients who were treated in Maanshan Shiqiye Hospital between June 2014 and February 2017 due to vertebrobasilar artery stenosis were selected as the research subjects and divided into cerebral infarction group and transient ischemic attack (TIA) group according to the imageological examination. CTA was used to evaluate vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic plaque properties, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to determine the levels of nerve injury markers, inflammatory response-related molecules and plaque property-related protease molecules. Results: The positive rate of posterior circulation plaque in cerebral infarction group was obviously higher than that in TIA group, and the positive rate of unstable plaque, fibrous plaque and calcified plaque were higher than those in TIA group;serum NSE, S100B, UCH-L1, GFAP, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, YKL-40, CatS, MMP9, MMP10 and ADAMTS12 levels of cerebral infarction group of patients with unstable plaque, fibrous plaque and calcified plaque were all higher than those of TIA group;serum NSE, S100B, UCH-L1, GFAP, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, YKL-40, CatS, MMP9, MMP10 and ADAMTS12 levels of cerebral infarction group of patients with unstable plaque and fibrous plaque were all higher than those of patients with calcified plaque, and serum NSE, S100B, UCH-L1, GFAP, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, YKL-40, CatS, MMP9, MMP10 and ADAMTS12 levels of cerebral infarction group of patients with unstable plaque were all higher than those of patients with fibrous plaque. Conclusion: CTA can accurately assess the property of vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic plaque in patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction and is closely related to the degree of nerve injury and the change of plaque property.

CT灌注成像参数对急性脑梗死侧支循环的评估价值及与术后近期预后的相关性

目的探讨CT灌注成像(CTPI)参数对急性脑梗死(ACI)侧支循环的评估价值及与术后近期预后的相关性。方法选取我院2022年1月-2023年2月收治的106例ACI患者,以数字血管造影(DSA)作为诊断“金标准”,将其分有侧支循环组(46例)与无侧支循环组(60例)。两组患者均进行CTPI检查,对比两组受试者CTPI参数[脑血容量(CBV)、脑血流量(CBF)、平均通过时间(MTT)及达峰时间(TTP)],采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析CTPI参数对ACI侧支循环的预测价值;比较CTPI参数评估急性缺血性脑梗死侧支循环与DSA检查的一致性;采用Pearson相关性分析ACI患者的CTPI参数与美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)、改良Ranking量表(mRS)评分的相关性。结果有侧支循环组CBV、CBF均高于无侧支循环组(P<0.05),MTT、TTP均低于无侧支循环组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,CBV、CBF、MTT、TTP及联合检测对ACI侧支循环均有预测效能(P<0.05),其AUC分别为0.793、0.705、0.841、0.669、0.879,单独检测中MTT效能最高,但仍低于联合检测效能。CTPI参数联合检查对ACI侧支循环的诊断灵敏性为84.78%、特异性为90.00%、准确率为87.74%、阳性预测值为86.67%、阴性预测值为88.52%、Kappa值为0.750。有侧支循环组NIHSS、mRS评分均低于无侧支循环组(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析发现,CBV、CBF与NIHSS、mRS评分呈负相关(P<0.05),MTT、TTP与NIHSS、mRS评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论ACI有侧支循环患者的CBV、CBF均较无侧支循环患者高,MTT、TTP均较无侧支循环患者低,CTPI参数用于评估ACI侧支循环具有较高的诊断效能,且有侧支循环患者近期预后较好,同时CBV、CBF、MTT、TTP与ACI患者近期预后均存在相关性,可通过检测CBV、CBF、MTT、TTP预测患者近期预后。

CT血管成像对ACI患者颈动脉狭窄程度及侧支循环的价值研究

目的分析、探究CT血管成像技术在ACI患者颈动脉狭窄、侧支循环等病情诊断方面的成效。方法对我院2021.3-2022.3月期间收治的100例急性脑梗死(ACI)患者一般病理资料进行回顾性分析,以数字减影血管造影(DSA)结果为诊断金标准,对CT血管成像技术(CTA)的诊断价值进行分析,以临床出具的数字减影血管造影(DSA)结果为金标准,分析CT血管成像技术(CTA)在临床上的诊断价值,评估此技术在临床诊断中的效能。结果与临床金标准相比,CTA诊断技术具有较高的临床评估价值[Kappa>0.8~1.0,曲线下面积(AUC)>0.9,P<0.01];CTA诊断技术在评估颈动脉狭窄程度等方面与临床金标准具有一定的一致性[Kappa>0.6~0.8,曲线下面积(AUC)>0.7~0.9,P<0.01];而在评估侧支循环临床诊断中,CTA诊断技术与临床金标准具有一致性,具有较高的评估价值[Kappa>0.8~1.0,曲线下面积(AUC)>0.9,P<0.01]。结论以临床“金标准”的诊断结果为依据分析,CTA诊断技术能够对ACI患者出现病变的血管形态及侧支循环状态等进行全面的评估,CTA诊断结果可为治疗工作提供准确性相对较高且客观的医学依据,确实是评估ACI患者颈动脉狭窄程度、侧支循环状态的可靠办法;而与DSA技术相比,CTA与之具有较高的一致性,说明在病情发作早期为ACI患者实施CTA检查可获悉颈动脉的狭窄及侧支循环状态,有利于改善患者群体的预后。

FLAIR高信号血管征-DWI不匹配评估急性脑梗死患者血栓切除术后的预后价值

目的 探讨急性脑梗死患者的FLAIR图像上出现高信号血管征的范围与弥散加权成像范围的不匹配评估患者行血管内血栓切除术(EVT)后功能结局的预后价值。方法回顾性分析60例急性脑梗死发作后行血管内血栓切除术的患者,收集这些患者的FLAIR、DWI、FLAIR高信号血管征与DWI高信号不匹配、功能结果(mRS)以及其他临床相关数据,采用多元Logistic回归分析预测功能结果。结果功能结果良好组(36/60;60.0%)较功能结果不良组(24/60;40.0%)的FVHS-DW I不匹配高(85.29%对45.83%;t=12.371;P<0.001)。多变量Logistic回归分析表明,FVHS-DWI不匹配与良好的功能结局独立相关[OR (95%CI):0.179(0.042~0.494),P<0.001]。结论急性脑梗死患者EVT术前使用FVHS-DWI不匹配评估有助于预测急性脑梗死患者的功能结果。

SUA、hs-CRP水平联合Tan评分对急性脑梗死静脉溶栓患者再发卒中的预测价值

目的:探讨血尿酸(SUA)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平联合CT血管造影(CTA)脑侧支循环(Tan)评分对急性脑梗死静脉溶栓患者再发卒中的预测价值。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年6月于该院接受静脉溶栓治疗的126例急性脑梗死患者的临床资料,出院后随访12个月,根据患者是否再发卒中将其分为再发组和未发组。比较两组SUA、hs-CRP水平和Tan评分,并采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析三者单独及联合检测对急性脑梗死静脉溶栓患者再发卒中的预测价值。结果:126例急性脑梗死患者经静脉溶栓治疗后,31例再发卒中,再发率为24.60%(31/126);再发组SUA、hs-CRP水平均高于未发组,Tan评分低于未发组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ROC曲线分析结果显示,SUA、hs-CRP水平及Tan评分单项及联合检测预测急性脑梗死静脉溶栓患者再发卒中的曲线下面积分别为0.833、0.824、0.756、0.935,联合检测的预测价值最高,高于三者单项检测预测。结论:SUA、hs-CRP水平联合Tan评分对急性脑梗死静脉溶栓患者再发卒中的预测价值高于三者单项检测预测。

CTA和CTP评估急性缺血性脑卒中侧支循环状态及与预后的关系

目的 探讨CT动脉血管成像(CTA)和CT灌注成像(CTP)在急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)侧支循环及预后评估中的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析2020-01—2023-06广元市中心医院96例AIS患者的临床资料,患者入院后均行CTA及CTP检查,基于CTA图像分为侧支循环良好组和不良组,比较2组CTP参数值[相对脑血流量(rCBF)、相对脑血容量(rCBV)、相对对比剂峰值时间(rTTP)、相对平均通过时间(rMTT)],采用Spearman相关分析侧支循环评分与CTP参数值的相关性。随访3个月,依据改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分将患者分为预后良好组和预后不良组,比较2组临床资料及影像学结果,采用多因素Logistic回归分析AIS预后的影响因素。结果 96例患者CTA评估侧支循环良好组63例(65.63%),侧支循环不良组33例(34.37%)。侧支循环良好组rCBF、rCBV较侧支循环不良组高(P<0.05),rTTP、rMTT较侧支循环不良组低(P<0.05)。rCBF、rCBV均与CTA侧支循环评分呈正相关(r=0.472、0.518,P<0.01),rTTP、rMTT均与CTA侧支循环评分呈负相关(r=-0.502、-0.496,P<0.01)。预后良好组60例(62.50%),预后不良组36例(37.50%)。预后不良组NIHSS评分、合并冠心病比例、合并房颤比例、核心梗死体积、侧支循环不良比例、rTTP及rMTT值均高于预后良好组(P<0.05),rCBF、rCBV值均低于预后良好组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,NIHSS评分、合并房颤、核心梗死体积、侧支循环不良、rTTP及rMTT值均是患者预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05),rCBF、rCBV值是其保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 CTA能直观显示AIS患者侧支循环状态,CTP参数与侧支循环评分表现出相关性,能间接反映患者侧支循环状态,CTA、CTP检查均可为患者预后评估提供参考。

多时相CT血管成像彩色编码图评估急性缺血性脑卒中临床预后的价值

目的:探讨多时相CT血管成像(mCTA)彩色编码图在急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)临床预后评估中的的价值。方法:回顾性分析本院收治的前循环AIS患者的临床及影像学资料,根据患者90 d的改良Rankin评分量表(mRS)结果分为预后良好组(91例,mRS<3分)和预后不良组(86例,mRS≥3分)。采用3分法评估常规mCTA侧支循环评分、彩色编码图侧支循环评分(包括侧支血管充盈的延迟程度、侧支血管的分布范围评分及总评分),采用χ2或Fisher确切检验比较分析两组间常规mCTA侧支循环评分、彩色编码图侧支循环评分的差异,采用Mann-Whitney U检验比较两组间CT灌注成像(CTP)缺血区体积、梗死核心区体积的差异,采用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)分析CT各参数对AIS患者临床预后的诊断价值,并进行多因素Logistic回归分析,确定各参数对AIS患者临床预后的影响。结果:CT各参数在两组间均具有明显统计学差异(P<0.05),预后良好组有更好的侧支循环及更小的缺血和梗死核心区体积。ROC结果显示彩色编码图侧支循环评分对患者临床预后的诊断价值与常规mCTA相似或更高,侧支血管充盈的延迟程度评分(AUC=0.67)与CTP缺血(AUC=0.74)和梗死核心区体积(AUC=0.75)的诊断价值相当(Z=1.552,P=0.121;Z=1.606,P=0.108)。Logistic回归分析显示侧支血管充盈的延迟程度评分及梗死核心区体积是患者预后的影响因素[OR值(95%CI)2.39(1.03~5.52),P=0.039;OR值(95%CI)3.88(1.86~8.10),P<0.001]。结论:mCTA彩色编码图对预测AIS患者90 d的临床预后具有较高价值,侧支血管充盈的延迟程度评分是AIS患者预后的影响因素,且与常规mCTA和CTP相比,可以获得相似或更好的诊断效能。

CTA定量分析大脑中动脉闭塞性卒中斑块特征与侧支循环建立的关系

目的 采用CT血管造影(CTA)定量分析大脑中动脉(MCA)闭塞性卒中患者动脉斑块特征与侧支循环建立的关系。方法 选取2021年6月至2023年5月德阳市第二人民医院急诊入院的130例MCA闭塞性卒中患者,所有患者均接受CTA检查,定量分析患者动脉斑块特征,并评估侧支循环建立情况。然后将患者分为侧支循环不良组和侧支循环良好组,比较2组一般资料情况及动脉斑块特征。采用Logistic回归分析MCA闭塞性卒中患者侧支循环与动脉斑块特征主要参数的关系。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,检验动脉斑块特征主要参数对MCA闭塞性卒中患者侧支循环建立的评估价值。结果 130例患者均按要求完成CTA检查,其中侧支循环不良37例,侧支循环良好93例。侧支循环不良组斑块长度、斑块负荷、偏心指数、脂质成分体积均大于侧支循环良好组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。斑块负荷、偏心指数、脂质成分体积是MCA闭塞性卒中患者侧支循环建立的影响因素(P <0.05)。当MCA闭塞性卒中斑块负荷、偏心指数、脂质成分体积最佳截断值分别为38.295%、4.965、343.245 mm^(3)时,评估侧支循环的价值最高,曲线下面积均> 0.75 (P <0.05)。结论 MCA闭塞性卒中患者的侧支循环建立情况与斑块特征密切相关,尤其是斑块负荷、偏心指数及脂质成分体积。通过CTA定量分析这些斑块特征,可有效评估侧支循环的建立情况。

Predictors of short-term outcome in patients with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion: unsuitability of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery vascular hyperintensity scores

Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery （FLAIR） vascular hyperintensity （FVH） is used to assess leptomeningeal collateral circulation, but clinical outcomes of patients with FVH can be very different. The aim of the present study was to assess a FVH score and explore its relationship with clinical outcomes. Patients with acute ischemic stroke due to middle cerebral artery M1 occlusion underwent magnetic resonance imaging and were followed up at 10 days （National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale） and 90 days （modified Rankin Scale） to determine short-term clinical outcomes. Effective collateral circulation indirectly improved recovery of neurological function and short-term clinical outcome by extending the size of the pial penumbra and reducing infarct lesions. FVH score showed no correlation with 90-day functional clinical outcome and was not sufficient as an independent predictor of short-term clinical outcome.

动脉自旋标记联合区域性动脉自旋标记技术评估单侧大脑中动脉重度狭窄或闭塞患者侧支代偿

目的 观察动脉自旋标记(ASL)联合区域性ASL(t-ASL)技术评估单侧大脑中动脉(MCA)重度狭窄或闭塞患者侧支代偿的价值。方法 回顾性选取52例单侧MCA重度狭窄或闭塞患者(病变组),根据相对脑血流量(rCBF)将其进一步分为侧支循环不良亚组(n=23)及良好亚组(n=29);以55名健康体检者为对照组。基于ASL[标记后延迟时间(PLD)=1 525、2 525 ms]和t-ASL图像比较组间及病变组内亚组间脑血流量(CBF)、rCBF及CBF差值(PLD 2 525 ms下CBF-PLD 1 525 ms下CBF),观察侧支代偿来源;以Kendall相关性分析评估各参数与代偿的相关性。结果 病变组患侧与对照组左侧CBF、CBF差值的差异及组间rCBF差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001),且2组PLD=2 525 ms下CBF均大于PLD=1 525 ms(P均<0.05),病变组患侧CBF均小于对侧(P均<0.05)。病变组内2亚组间CBF差值、患侧CBF及rCBF差异(P均<0.001),以及侧支无代偿和对侧颈内动脉(ICA)+椎基底动脉(VBA)代偿占比差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。病变组rCBF(PLD=2 525 ms)与存在VBA侧支代偿呈低度正相关(r=0.397,P=0.004)。结论 ASL联合t-ASL有助于评估单侧MCA狭窄或闭塞患者侧支代偿情况。

MRI技术评估颅内动脉粥样硬化疾病的研究进展

颅内动脉粥样硬化性疾病(intracranial atherosclerotic disease,ICAD)具有高发病率及高复发率。近年来随着磁共振成像技术的快速发展,新兴扫描方案及技术手段层出不穷,从管腔、管壁、脑组织灌注及血流动力学等多角度对ICAD的多模态方式也成为国内外脑卒中研究的热点。本文综合了目前临床常用的MRI技术,从形态到功能对ICAD研究进展进行综述,主要探讨各种技术在诊断管腔狭窄、易损斑块特征以及脑组织灌注等方面的能力及差异,为临床医师提供ICAD形态和功能方面的信息,可作为诊断、鉴别诊断、风险预测和治疗评估的参考。

针刺颅底五穴联合化痰通络汤治疗后循环梗死性眩晕的临床研究

目的:探讨针刺颅底五穴联合化痰通络汤对痰瘀阻络型急性后循环梗死性眩晕(PCIV)的临床疗效。方法:选取2022年10月—2023年10月在深圳市宝安区中医院诊断为后循环梗死性眩晕(脑梗死急性期)、中医辨证为痰瘀阻络证的病人114例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组(54例)和对照组(60例),对照组给予口服化痰通络汤治疗,观察组在对照组基础上针刺颅底五穴治疗,两组均予神经内科基础治疗及对症支持治疗,疗程14 d。比较两组治疗前后的中医证候积分、眩晕障碍量表(DHI)积分、脑血流动力学指标、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、临床疗效。结果:与治疗前比较,两组治疗后中医证候积分、DHI积分、LDL-C、Hcy均显著下降(P<0.05);双侧椎动脉(VA)、基底动脉(BA)平均血流速度均显著升高(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组治疗后中医证候积分显著降低(P<0.05),临床治疗总有效率升高(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组治疗后VA、BA平均血流速度显著升高(P<0.05);DHI积分、LDL-C、Hcy显著下降(P<0.05)。结论:针刺颅底五穴联合化痰通络汤治疗痰瘀阻络型急性后循环梗死性眩晕的临床应用效果显著,可提高病人日常生活能力及生活质量,改善脑血流状态,调节脂代谢,保护脑血管。

A New Method for Evaluating Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Changes:Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging in a C57BL/6J Mouse Model of Photothrombotic Ischemia

The present study aimed to improve the processing of data acquired from laser speckle contrast imaging（LSCI） to provide a standardization method to explore changes in regional cerebral blood flow（r CBF） and to determine the correlations among r CBF, cerebral ischemic lesion volume and microvascular density over time in a focal ischemic region. C57BL/6J mice were subjected to focal photothrombotic（PT） ischemia. r CBF was measured using LSCI at different time points before and after PT ischemia through an intact skull. Standardized r CBF（Sr CBF）, defined as the ratio of r CBF measured in the ipsilateral region of interest（ROI） to that in the corresponding contralateral region, was calculated to evaluate potential changes. In addition, the volume of the ischemic lesion and the microvascular density were determined using Nissl staining and immunofluorescence, respectively. The relationships among the ischemic lesion volume, microvascular density and Sr CBF were analyzed over time. The results showed that the cortical r CBF measured using LSCI following PT ischemia in the C57BL/6J mice gradually increased. Changes in the cerebral ischemic lesion volume were negatively correlated with Sr CBF in the ischemic region. Changes in the microvascular density were similar to those observed in Sr CBF. Our findings indicate that LSCI is a practical technique for observing changes in murine cortical r CBF without skull opening and for analyzing the relationships among the ischemic lesion volume, microvascular density and Sr CBF following focal cerebral ischemia. Preliminary results also suggest that the use of LSCI to observe the formation of collateral circulation is feasible.

结合外周血微RNA-181b表达水平探讨急性脑梗死病人侧支循环形成的影响因素

目的 结合外周血微RNA(miR)-181b表达水平探讨急性脑梗死病人侧支循环形成的影响因素。方法 选择2015年6月至2019年5月在深圳市龙华区中心医院住院治疗的ACI病人175例,采用计算机产生随机数按3∶1的比例将纳入病人分为训练集(129例)和测试集(46例),其中129例训练集病人根据侧支循环形成情况分为两组,其中侧支循环良好组病人90例,侧支循环不良组病人39例,采用定量逆转录PCR(RT-qPCR)检测血清miR-181b表达水平,采用Spearman相关法分析ACI病人血清miR-181b表达与侧支循环形成的相关性,采用logistic回归法分析ACI病人侧支循环形成不良的影响因素,并建立预测模型。结果 侧支循环良好组病人血清miR-181b表达1.92±0.19显著高于侧支循环形成不良组1.48±0.26(P<0.05),Spearman相关性分析结果表明,血清miR-181b表达与侧支循环形成呈显著正相关关系(r=0.77,P<0.001)。logistic回归分析结果表明高血压病史高血压史、血同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、后循环病变均为ACI病人侧支循环形成不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05);miR-181b表达水平和脑血管狭窄程度为侧支循环形成不良的保护因素(P<0.05)。基于侧支循环形成不良的影响因素构建预测模型:预测值=EXP[0.491-1.914(高血压史)-1.409(Hcy)+2.145(miR-181b相对表达量)-1.286(后循环病变)+0.594(脑血管狭窄程度)]/1+EXP[0.491-1.914(高血压史)-1.409(Hcy)+2.145(miR-181b相对表达量)-1.286(后循环病变)-0.594(脑血管狭窄)]。结论侧支循环良好ACI病人外周血血清miR-181b表达水平较高,脑血管狭窄程度轻和高水平miR-181b为侧支循环形成不良的保护因素,而高血压史、Hcy、后循环病变均为ACI病人侧支循环形成不良的独立危险因素。

血清CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞比值结合MRA与 脑梗死再发的关系研究

目的探讨血清CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞比值结合磁共振血管造影(MRA)与脑梗死再发的相关性及预测作用。方法选取镇江市第一人民医院2021年1月至2022年2月收治的急性脑梗死患者153例,测定患者CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞比值,MRA评估血管狭窄评分、侧支循环充盈评分,对患者进行1年随访,其中34例脑梗死再发患者作为脑梗死再发组,107例脑梗死未再发患者作为脑梗死未再发组,排除其他各种原因失访12例患者,并绘制各指标用于预测患者脑梗死再发的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线。结果脑梗死再发组CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞比值明显高于脑梗死未再发组(P<0.05);脑梗死再发组血管狭窄评分、侧枝循环充盈评分均低于脑梗死未再发组(P<0.05)。患者脑梗死再发与CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞比值、血管狭窄评分、侧枝循环充盈评分均有关(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞比值、血管狭窄评分、侧枝循环充盈评分预测患者脑梗死再发的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.975、0.889、0.935,三者联合预测患者脑梗死再发的AUC为0.994,显著高于各指标单独预测患者脑梗死复发的AUC。结论血清CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞比值结合MRA血管狭窄评分、侧支循环充盈评分诊断脑梗死再发效能较高,对脑梗死再发具有预测价值。

基于CTA的侧支循环评分对大血管闭塞性急性缺血性脑卒中的应用价值研究

目的比较4种基于CTA的侧支循环评分[大脑中动脉闭塞远端血管侧支循环评分(Miteff评分),外侧裂、脑凸面侧支循环评分(Maas评分),大脑中动脉区域侧支循环评分(Tan评分),区域软脑膜侧支循环评分(rLMC评分)]的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2020年9月至2023年9月河北大学附属医院收治的98例AIS-LVO患者临床及影像学资料,根据2位医师的Miteff评分、Mass评分、Tan评分、rLMC评分结果,探究4种评分的评估者间信度;以基于数字减影血管造影(DSA)的侧支循环分级系统——美国介入和治疗神经放射学学会/美国介入放射学会(ASITN/SIR)分级结果为参考,探究该4种评分对侧支循环的评估效度;采用单因素分析、多因素二元logistic回归分析探究AIS-LVO患者预后的独立影响因素,并进一步通过ROC曲线评估不同评分对患者预后的预测价值。结果4种基于CTA的侧支循环评分的评估者间信度从高到低依次是rLMC评分、Miteff评分、Tan评分、Maas评分(Kappa=0.810、0.797、0.745、0.733,均P<0.05),评估效度从高到低依次是rLMC评分、Miteff评分、Tan评分、Maas评分(rs=0.687、0.534、0.481、0.423,均P<0.05)。入院血糖(OR=0.438,95%CI:0.196~0.975)、入院美国国立卫生研究院卒中评分量表(NIHSS)评分(OR=0.837,95%CI:0.699~1.002)是AIS-LVO患者预后的独立影响因素(均P<0.05);Miteff评分(OR=0.055,95%CI:0.007~0.461)、Maas评分(OR=0.047,95%CI:0.006~0.391)、Tan评分(OR=0.122,95%CI:0.020~0.721)、rLMC评分(OR=0.080,95%CI:0.014~0.460)评估的良好侧支循环均是AIS-LVO患者预后的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,4种评分对患者预后的预测价值从高到低依次是rLMC评分、Miteff评分、Tan评分、Maas评分(AUC=0.812、0.773、0.720、0.705,均P<0.05),最佳截断值分别为10.5、2.5、1.5、2.5分。结论rLMC评分对比其余3种评分(Miteff评分、Mass评分、Tan评分)评估者间信度最高、对侧支循环的评估效度最高以及对机械取栓治疗预后的预测价值最高。入院血糖较高或入院NIHSS评分较高的患者机械取栓治疗预后较差。

miR-126在脑梗死取栓术预后的临床意义

目的通过检测血清微小RNA-126(miR-126)在急性脑梗死介入取栓术治疗前的改变,探讨其与患者预后的相关性。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年12月在湖州市第一人民医院行介入取栓术的脑梗死患者101例,随访2个月,根据改良Rankin评分(modified Rankin scale,mRS)分为预后良好组(mRS≤2分,56例)和预后不良组(mRS>2分,45例),比较两组患者的临床资料及miR-126在取栓术前的差异,分析血清miR-126改变对脑梗死患者预后的影响。结果取栓术前血清miR-126水平在预后良好组明显高于预后不良组[(9.31±2.14)vs.(1.36±0.28),P<0.01],且miR-126与美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分呈负相关(r=–0.737,P<0.01),与侧支循环良好呈正相关(r=0.645,P<0.01),创建miR-126预测脑梗死取栓术预后的受试者操作特征曲线下面积为0.818,最佳截断值敏感度78.9%、特异性86.0%。结论血清miR-126水平在脑梗死取栓术前的改变与患者预后可能相关,可作为早期预测脑梗死介入治疗预后的标志物。