QoE Management for 5G New Radio

Quality of Experience(QoE)is used to monitor the user experience of telecommunication services,which has been studied for a long time.In universal terrestrial radio access network(UTRAN),evolved UTRAN(E-UTRA)and Long Term Evolution(LTE),QoE has also been specified for the improvement of user experience.The 5G New Radio(NR)technology is designed for providing various types of new services,and therefore operators have strong demand to continuously upgrade the 5G network to provide sufficient and good QoE for corresponding services.With new emerging 5G services,5G QoE management collection aims at specifying the mechanism to collect the experience parameters for the multimedia telephony service for IP multimedia subsystem(IMS),multimedia broadcast and multicast service(MBMS),virtual reality(VR),etc.Taking LTE QoE as a baseline,generic NR QoE management mechanisms for activation,deactivation,configuration,and reporting of QoE measurement are introduced in this paper.Additionally,some enhanced QoE features in NR are discussed,such as radio access network(RAN)overload handling,RAN-visible QoE,perslice QoE measurement,radio-related measurement,and QoE continuity for mobility.This paper also introduces solutions to NR QoE,which concludes the progress of NR QoE in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project(3GPP).

Effects of NPB anode buffer layer on charge collection in ZnO/MEH-PPV hybrid solar cells

We investigate the effects of （N,N’-diphenyl）-N,N’-bis（1-naphthyl）-1,1’-biphenyl-4,4’-diamine （NPB） buffer layers on charge collection in inverted ZnO/MEH-PPV hybrid devices. The insertion of a 3-nm NPB thin layer enhances the efficiency of charge collection by improving charge transport and reducing the interface energy barrier, resulting in better device performances. S-shaped light J–V curve appears when the thickness of the NPB layer reaches 25 nm, which is induced by the inefficient charge extraction from MEH-PPV to Ag. Capacitance–voltage measurements are performed to further investigate the influence of the NPB layer on charge collection from both simulations and experiments.

Development of Evaluation Method of Daylighting Duct System Considering Inner Light Flux

Currently, daylighting ducts system is widely used as a daylighting device. Generally, daylighting duct system efficiently takes light from outside during the day, and conveys daylight to required location through light duct manufactured by high reflectance mirror. Daylighting duct system can convey daylight to underground space that has no windows opening to external space. Daylighting system is composed of light collection part, light guide part and light emission part. Efficiency of daylighting system is depending on type of each part used in the system. However, it is very difficult to estimate exact light flow in the system considering type of the parts. Authors performed measurement experiments to make clear the light flow with real-size model and miniature model of daylighting duct system. We discussed effect of type of the parts on efficiency of daylighting duct system.