For measurement of component content in the extraction and separation process of praseodymium/neodymium(Pr/Nd), a soft measurement method was proposed based on modeling of ion color features, which is suitable for fas...For measurement of component content in the extraction and separation process of praseodymium/neodymium(Pr/Nd), a soft measurement method was proposed based on modeling of ion color features, which is suitable for fast estimation of component content in production field. Feature analysis on images of the solution is conducted,which are captured from Pr/Nd extraction/separation field. H/S components in the HSI color space are selected as model inputs, so as to establish the least squares support vector machine(LSSVM) model for Nd(Pr) content,while the model parameters are determined with the GA algorithm. To improve the adaptability of the model,the adaptive iteration algorithm is used to correct parameters of the LSSVM model, on the basis of model correction strategy and new sample data. Using the field data collected from rare earth extraction production, predictive methods for component content and comparisons are given. The results indicate that the proposed method presents good adaptability and high prediction precision, so it is applicable to the fast detection of element content in the rare earth extraction.展开更多
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of wheat variety, food processing, and milling method on antioxidant properties. Black wheat variety Heibaoshi 1 had the highest total phenolic content(659.8 μg...The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of wheat variety, food processing, and milling method on antioxidant properties. Black wheat variety Heibaoshi 1 had the highest total phenolic content(659.8 μg gallic acid equivalents g-1), total flavonoid content(319.3 μg rutin equivalents g-1), and antioxidant activity, whereas light purple wheat variety Shandongzimai 1 had the lowest total flavonoid content(236.2 μg rutin equivalents g-1) and antioxidant activity. Whole wheat flour and partially debranned grain flour had significantly higher total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity than refined flour(P < 0.05). Compared with flour, total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity decreased in noodles and steamed bread, whereas noodles had slightly higher total phenolic and flavonoid content than steamed bread. Antioxidant activities(by ferric reducing ability of plasma assay) of steamed bread made from whole wheat flour, partially debranned grain flour, and refined flour were 23.5%, 21.1%, and 31.6% lower, respectively, than the corresponding values of flour. These results suggested that black whole wheat flour and partially debranned grain flour are beneficial to human health.展开更多
为明确彩色马铃薯新品种闽彩薯1号、闽彩薯2号、闽彩薯3号和闽彩薯4号的块茎花青素组分和含量的差异,为新品种选育及花青素开发应用提供依据。利用高效液相色谱与质谱联用技术,进行了块茎花青素组分的定性与比较分析。结果表明,4个彩色...为明确彩色马铃薯新品种闽彩薯1号、闽彩薯2号、闽彩薯3号和闽彩薯4号的块茎花青素组分和含量的差异,为新品种选育及花青素开发应用提供依据。利用高效液相色谱与质谱联用技术,进行了块茎花青素组分的定性与比较分析。结果表明,4个彩色品种共含有14种花青素单体组成,其中闽彩薯1号含有其中的6种组分,闽彩薯2号含有其中的9种组分,闽彩薯3号含有其中的10种组分,3个紫肉色马铃薯花青素组分主要是矮牵牛素3-p-香豆酰基芸香糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷和芍药素3-p-香豆酰基芸香糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷。闽彩薯4号含有5种花青素组分,主要组分为矢车菊素3-芸香糖苷和天竺葵素3-p-香豆酰基芸香糖苷-5-葡糖苷,紫肉色马铃薯花青素组分与红肉色马铃薯青素组分具有明显差异。4个彩色马铃薯花青薯含量分别为139.77、95.48、78.08、67.25 mg/100 g FW,品种之间具有显著差异。同时,这4个彩色马铃薯组分含有全部6种花青素基本苷元,且花青素结构较为稳定,可作为重要的天然色素的原料及杂交育种的亲本材料。展开更多
In this work, image feature vectors are formed for blocks containing sufficient information, which are selected using a singular-value criterion. When the ratio between the first two SVs axe below a given threshold, t...In this work, image feature vectors are formed for blocks containing sufficient information, which are selected using a singular-value criterion. When the ratio between the first two SVs axe below a given threshold, the block is considered informative. A total of 12 features including statistics of brightness, color components and texture measures are used to form intermediate vectors. Principal component analysis is then performed to reduce the dimension to 6 to give the final feature vectors. Relevance of the constructed feature vectors is demonstrated by experiments in which k-means clustering is used to group the vectors hence the blocks. Blocks falling into the same group show similar visual appearances.展开更多
Sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus（Selenka）, is a commercially important marine species in China. Among the differently colored varieties sold in China, white and purple sea cucumbers have the greatest appeal to c...Sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus（Selenka）, is a commercially important marine species in China. Among the differently colored varieties sold in China, white and purple sea cucumbers have the greatest appeal to consumers. Identification of the pigments that may contribute to the formation of different color morphs of sea cucumbers will provide a scientific basis for improving the cultivability of desirable color morphs. In this study,sea cucumbers were divided into four categories according to their body color： white, light green, dark green, and purple. The pigment composition and contents in the four groups were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. The results show that the pigment contents differed significantly among the white, lightgreen, dark-green, and purple sea cucumbers, and there were fewer types of pigments in white sea cucumber than in the other color morphs. The only pigments detected in white sea cucumbers were guanine and pteroic acid.Guanine and pteroic acid are structural colors, and they were also detected in light-green, dark-green, and purple sea cucumbers. Every pigment detected, except for pteroic acid, was present at a higher concentration in purple morphs than in the other color morphs. The biological color pigments melanin, astaxanthin, β-carotene, and lutein were detected in light-green, dark-green, and purple sea cucumbers. While progesterone and lycopene,which are also biological color pigments, were not detected in any of the color morphs. Melanin was the major pigment contributing to body color, and its concentration increased with deepening color of the sea cucumber body. Transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that white sea cucumbers had the fewest epidermal melanocytes in the body wall, and their melanocytes contained fewer melanosomes as well as non-pigmented pre-melanosomes. Sea cucumbers with deeper body colors contained more melanin granules. In the body wall of dark-green and purple sea cucumbers, melanin granules were secreted out of the cell. The results of this study provide evidence for the main factors responsible for differences in coloration among white, light-green, darkgreen, and purple sea cucumbers, and also provide the foundation for further research on the formation of body color in sea cucumber, A. japonicus.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51174091,61364013,61164013)Earlier Research Project of the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China(2014CB360502)
文摘For measurement of component content in the extraction and separation process of praseodymium/neodymium(Pr/Nd), a soft measurement method was proposed based on modeling of ion color features, which is suitable for fast estimation of component content in production field. Feature analysis on images of the solution is conducted,which are captured from Pr/Nd extraction/separation field. H/S components in the HSI color space are selected as model inputs, so as to establish the least squares support vector machine(LSSVM) model for Nd(Pr) content,while the model parameters are determined with the GA algorithm. To improve the adaptability of the model,the adaptive iteration algorithm is used to correct parameters of the LSSVM model, on the basis of model correction strategy and new sample data. Using the field data collected from rare earth extraction production, predictive methods for component content and comparisons are given. The results indicate that the proposed method presents good adaptability and high prediction precision, so it is applicable to the fast detection of element content in the rare earth extraction.
基金funded by the Special Funds for Industry System (CARS-03)Science and Technology Support Program (2012BAD04B07-03)
文摘The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of wheat variety, food processing, and milling method on antioxidant properties. Black wheat variety Heibaoshi 1 had the highest total phenolic content(659.8 μg gallic acid equivalents g-1), total flavonoid content(319.3 μg rutin equivalents g-1), and antioxidant activity, whereas light purple wheat variety Shandongzimai 1 had the lowest total flavonoid content(236.2 μg rutin equivalents g-1) and antioxidant activity. Whole wheat flour and partially debranned grain flour had significantly higher total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity than refined flour(P < 0.05). Compared with flour, total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity decreased in noodles and steamed bread, whereas noodles had slightly higher total phenolic and flavonoid content than steamed bread. Antioxidant activities(by ferric reducing ability of plasma assay) of steamed bread made from whole wheat flour, partially debranned grain flour, and refined flour were 23.5%, 21.1%, and 31.6% lower, respectively, than the corresponding values of flour. These results suggested that black whole wheat flour and partially debranned grain flour are beneficial to human health.
文摘为明确彩色马铃薯新品种闽彩薯1号、闽彩薯2号、闽彩薯3号和闽彩薯4号的块茎花青素组分和含量的差异,为新品种选育及花青素开发应用提供依据。利用高效液相色谱与质谱联用技术,进行了块茎花青素组分的定性与比较分析。结果表明,4个彩色品种共含有14种花青素单体组成,其中闽彩薯1号含有其中的6种组分,闽彩薯2号含有其中的9种组分,闽彩薯3号含有其中的10种组分,3个紫肉色马铃薯花青素组分主要是矮牵牛素3-p-香豆酰基芸香糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷和芍药素3-p-香豆酰基芸香糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷。闽彩薯4号含有5种花青素组分,主要组分为矢车菊素3-芸香糖苷和天竺葵素3-p-香豆酰基芸香糖苷-5-葡糖苷,紫肉色马铃薯花青素组分与红肉色马铃薯青素组分具有明显差异。4个彩色马铃薯花青薯含量分别为139.77、95.48、78.08、67.25 mg/100 g FW,品种之间具有显著差异。同时,这4个彩色马铃薯组分含有全部6种花青素基本苷元,且花青素结构较为稳定,可作为重要的天然色素的原料及杂交育种的亲本材料。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No.60502039）, the Shanghai Rising-Star Program （Grant No.06QA14022）, and the Key Project of Shanghai Municipality for Basic Research （Grant No.04JC14037）
文摘In this work, image feature vectors are formed for blocks containing sufficient information, which are selected using a singular-value criterion. When the ratio between the first two SVs axe below a given threshold, the block is considered informative. A total of 12 features including statistics of brightness, color components and texture measures are used to form intermediate vectors. Principal component analysis is then performed to reduce the dimension to 6 to give the final feature vectors. Relevance of the constructed feature vectors is demonstrated by experiments in which k-means clustering is used to group the vectors hence the blocks. Blocks falling into the same group show similar visual appearances.
基金The Agricultural Seed Project of Shandong Province
文摘Sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus（Selenka）, is a commercially important marine species in China. Among the differently colored varieties sold in China, white and purple sea cucumbers have the greatest appeal to consumers. Identification of the pigments that may contribute to the formation of different color morphs of sea cucumbers will provide a scientific basis for improving the cultivability of desirable color morphs. In this study,sea cucumbers were divided into four categories according to their body color： white, light green, dark green, and purple. The pigment composition and contents in the four groups were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. The results show that the pigment contents differed significantly among the white, lightgreen, dark-green, and purple sea cucumbers, and there were fewer types of pigments in white sea cucumber than in the other color morphs. The only pigments detected in white sea cucumbers were guanine and pteroic acid.Guanine and pteroic acid are structural colors, and they were also detected in light-green, dark-green, and purple sea cucumbers. Every pigment detected, except for pteroic acid, was present at a higher concentration in purple morphs than in the other color morphs. The biological color pigments melanin, astaxanthin, β-carotene, and lutein were detected in light-green, dark-green, and purple sea cucumbers. While progesterone and lycopene,which are also biological color pigments, were not detected in any of the color morphs. Melanin was the major pigment contributing to body color, and its concentration increased with deepening color of the sea cucumber body. Transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that white sea cucumbers had the fewest epidermal melanocytes in the body wall, and their melanocytes contained fewer melanosomes as well as non-pigmented pre-melanosomes. Sea cucumbers with deeper body colors contained more melanin granules. In the body wall of dark-green and purple sea cucumbers, melanin granules were secreted out of the cell. The results of this study provide evidence for the main factors responsible for differences in coloration among white, light-green, darkgreen, and purple sea cucumbers, and also provide the foundation for further research on the formation of body color in sea cucumber, A. japonicus.
