Cross-sectional distortion behaviors of thin-walled rectangular tube in rotary-draw bending process

The cross-sectional distortion usually appears during rotary-draw bending process of thin-walled rectangular tube with small bending radius.To study the cross-sectional distortion of the tube,a three-dimensional finite-element model of the process was developed based on ABAQUS/Explicit code and its reliability was validated by experiment.Then,the cross-sectional distortion behaviors of the tube were investigated.The results show that a zone of larger circumferential stress appears on the tube when bending angle reaches 30°.And in the larger circumferential stress zone,the sagging phenomenon is produced obviously.The maximum cross-sectional distortion is located in the larger circumferential stress zone and the angle between the plane of maximum cross-sectional distortion and the bending reference plane is about 50°.The position of the maximum cross-sectional distortion keeps almost unchanged with the variation of the clearances between dies and tube.

Saint-Venant torsion analysis of bars with rectangular cross-section and effective coating layers

This paper investigates the torsion analysis of coated bars with a rectangular cross-section. Two opposite faces of a bar are coated by two isotropie layers with different materials of the original substrate that are perfectly bonded to the bar. With the Saint- Venant torsion theory, the governing equation of the problem in terms of the warping function is established and solved using the finite Fourier cosine transform. The state of stress on the cross-section, warping of the cross-section, and torsional rigidity of the bar are evaluated. Effects of thickness of the coating layers and material properties on these quantities are investigated. A set of graphs are provided that can be used to determine the coating thicknesses and material properties so as to keep the maximum von Mises stress on the cross-section below an allowable value for effective use of the coating layer.

THE APPROXIMATE ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR THE BUCKLING LOADS OF A THIN-WALLED BOX COLUMN WITH VARIABLE CROSS-SECTION

For a thin-walled box column with variable cross-section, the three governing equations for torsional-flexural buckling are ordinary differential equations of the second or fourth order with variable coefficients, so it is very difficult to solve them by means of an analytic method. In this paper, polynomials are used to approximate the geometric properties of cross-section and certain coefficients of the differential equations. Based on the energy principle and the Galerkin's method, the approximate formulas for calculating the flexural and torsional buckling loads of this kind of columns are developed respectively, and numerical examples are used to verify the correctness of the solutions obtained. The results calculated in this paper provide the basis for demonstrating the stability of thin-walled box columns with variable cross-section. This paper is of practical value.

A new model for analyzing nonlinear torsion behavior of concrete filled steel tube columns with rectangular section

An experimental study on concrete filled steel tube columns with rectangular section subjected to compressionflexure-torsion combined action has been carried out. The failure modes and load-deformation hysteretic relations were obtained. Based on the principles of classical material mechanics, the relations between the torsion curvature of the section and the shear strain of the fiber on the section were established. Then the strain distribution on the rectangular section of concrete filled steel tube columns subjected to torsion was analyzed. The three-dimensional refined finite element model was also built, in order to make the precision verification. The matrix forms of the relation between the torsion curvature of the section and the shear strain of the fiber on the section were derived, and introduced into the fiber beam model considering nonlinear torsion effect on the section. The comparison between test results and calculation results showed that the fiber beam model considering nonlinear torsion effect had high modeling efficiency and solution precision for predicting the torsion behavior of concrete filled steel tube columns with rectangular sections, and was suitable for analyzing the dynamic response of various structures subjected to the combined cyclic load caused by the earthquake load.

Experimental study on ductility improvement of reinforced concrete rectangular Columns retrofitted with a new fiber reinforced plastics method

Reinforced concrete （RC） columns lacking adequately detailed transverse reinforcement do not possess the necessary ductility to dissipate seismic energy during a major earthquake without severe strength degradation. In this paper, a new retrofit method, which utilized fiber-reinforced plastics （FRP） confinement mechanism and anchorage of embedded bars, was developed aiming to retrofit non-ductile large RC rectangular columns to prevent the damage of the plastic hinges. Carbon FRP （CFRP） sheets and glass FRP （GFRP） bars were used in this test, and five scaled RC columns were tested to examine the function of this new method for improving the ductility of columns. Responses of columns were examined before and after being retrofitted. Test results indicate that this new composite method can be very effective to improve the anti-seismic behavior of non-ductile RC columns compared with normal CFRP sheets retrofitted column.

PLASTIC POST－BUCKLING OF A SIMPLY SUPPORTED COLUMN WITH A SOLID RECTANGULAR CROSS－SECTION

The plastic post-buckling of a simply supported column with a solid rectangularcross-section is analysed by a new approach. High order terms in the asymptotic post-buckling expansions are carried out. In some aspects, the method proposed in thispaper is similar io Hutchinson's. However, the computation is simple since theintroduction is avoided of stretched coordinates. The method can be used to analyseinitial post-bifurcation of plates and shells in the plastic range.

Bilateral shear strength of rectangular frame column based on simplified space truss-arch model

To investigate the bilateral shear strength of rectangular frame column subjected to oblique horizontal load, we presented a simplified space truss-arch model developed from unilateral truss-arch model. Main parameters in the new model were the cross-sectional area, transverse reinforcement raito, axial load, and material strength of the column. The reduction coefficient of concrete sterength owing to the severe cracking of column was also introduced in the model. Finally, 14 specimens under oblique horizontal load were tested to verified the feasibility and applicability of the space truss-arch model.

Ductility and Ultimate Capacity of Concrete-Filled Lattice Rectangular Steel Tube Columns

A kind of concrete-filled lattice rectangular steel tube(CFLRST)column was put forward.The numerical simulation was modeled to analyze the mechanical characteristic of CFLRST column.By comparing the load-deformation curves from the test results,the rationality and reliability of the finite element model has been confirmed,moreover,the change of the section stiffness and stress in the forcing process and the ultimate bearing capacity of the column were analyzed.Based on the model,the comparison of ultimate bearing capacity and ductility between CFLRST column and reinforced concrete(RC)column were also analyzed.The results of the finite element analysis show that the loading process of CFLRST column consists of elastic stage,yield stage and failure stage.The failure modes are mainly strength failure and failure of elastoplastic instability.CFLRST column has higher bearing capacities in comparison with reinforced concrete columns with the same steel ratio.In addition,the stiffness degeneration of CFLRST column is slower than RC column and CFLRST column has good ductility.

Near Surface Mounted Application for the Strengthening of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Slender Columns under Eccentric Load

The behavior of slender columns under the effect of eccentric loading has always taken the attention of researchers. When investigating the strengthening of reinforced concrete columns, mainly short and circular columns are the targeted elements. This is why the data about slender columns with rectangular sections is limited and infrequent specially when loaded eccentrically. This paper aims to increase the available experimental data in this specific area. The experimental program consisted of twenty seven specimens. The specimens were divided into three groups; one control group and two groups strengthened using two strengthening schemes. Scheme 1 implied the use of near surface mounted （NSM） longitudinal steel bars, while in scheme 2, NSM longitudinal steel bars partially wrapped with one ply of carbon fibers reinforced polymers （CFRP） sheets was used. The test specimen had an overall length of 2000 mm and a 100 x 200 mm rectangular cross section. In addition to the strengthening schemes, the test parameters included three ratios for the internal longitudinal steel bars ＂μ＂ 1%, 1.57% and 2.26%. The parameters were extended to cover three stirrups＇ volumetric ratio ＂ρv＂ 0.73%, 0.49% and 0.37%. The specimens were tested under the effect of eccentric loading with eccentricity-to-section height e/h equals 0.25. The research revealed that the strength gain in specimens strengthened with scheme 2 was higher than with scheme 1. Analytical modeling of the stress strain relation of the strengthened RC columns considering the effect of strengthening scheme, internal reinforcement ratio μ, and stirrups＇ volumetric ratio ＂ρv＂ was proposed. Verification was made using available experimental data. The proposed model showed a reasonable agreement with the experimental results.

工字形钢梁-矩形钢管柱单向螺栓节点抗弯承载力理论计算方法

针对工字形纯钢梁和钢-混凝土组合梁分别与矩形钢管柱和矩形钢管混凝土柱采用单向螺栓(也称单边拧紧螺栓)连接形成的4种节点形式,对其在弯矩作用下的受力机理及破坏模式进行分析,讨论导致节点失效的因素。总结节点在弯矩作用下的9种失效模式,包括:单向螺栓拉断、端板受弯屈服、矩形钢管柱壁翼板受拉屈服、矩形钢管柱壁翼板受压屈服、矩形钢管柱壁腹板受压屈曲、混凝土楼板局部压溃、钢筋屈服、矩形钢管柱内混凝土局部压溃、矩形钢管柱壁腹板受压屈服,进而基于破坏模式给出节点各组件承载力的计算公式。对4种节点在不同破坏模式下的正弯矩承载力和负弯矩承载力进行分析,给出节点承载力计算公式。将节点抗弯承载力的理论计算结果与试验结果进行对比,验证理论计算方法的可靠性。

矩形中空夹层钢管混凝土叠合长柱轴压性能研究

目的 研究矩形中空夹层钢管混凝土叠合长柱的轴压性能,提出轴压稳定承载力实用计算方法。方法 基于ABAQUS有限元分析软件,建立矩形中空夹层钢管混凝土叠合长柱有限元模型,分析其在不同参数下的工作机理;采用叠加原理并结合现行相关规范,给出适用于矩形中空夹层钢管混凝土叠合长柱的轴压稳定承载力计算公式。结果 矩形中空夹层钢管混凝土叠合长柱的破坏形态表现为在构件的中间位置产生侧向挠曲,最终因丧失稳定而破坏;长细比λ和外围混凝土强度fcu, out是影响叠合长柱轴压峰值荷载的关键参数;当λ由29增加到42和55时,峰值荷载分别降低7.3%和15.3%;当fcu, out由40 MPa提高到60 MPa和80 MPa时,峰值荷载分别提高21.4%和44.8%;轴压承载力简化计算公式与有限元模拟所得结果之比的均值和变异系数分别为0.927和0.017。结论 矩形中空夹层钢管混凝土叠合长柱具有良好的抗压性能和初始刚度,所提出的简化计算公式可为实际工程应用提供计算依据。

带对穿螺栓矩形钢管混凝土短柱轴压承载力计算方法研究

设置对穿螺栓可以提高钢管混凝土短柱的力学性能,以试件同参数的ANSYS模型为原始算例,研究对穿螺栓的直径和纵向间距、套箍系数、宽厚比、长宽比、材料强度等参数对其轴压力学性能的影响。结果表明:设置对穿螺栓可以提高钢管对核心混凝土的约束效应,核心混凝土的应力分布表现为以对穿螺栓为分界线形成两个有效约束区,且四个角部的应力值最大;随着对穿螺栓纵向间距的减小、直径的增大,试件的承载力、变形能力、延性提高;试件承载力可随着套箍系数的增加、宽厚比的减小、材料强度的增强有小幅度提高。提出带对穿螺栓矩形钢管混凝土短柱的轴压承载力的计算方法,得到的计算值和试验值吻合良好,该方法还同样适用于带约束拉杆矩形钢管混凝土短柱承载力计算,计算过程简便且准确度高。

锈蚀箍筋矩形柱轴压承载力试验及理论研究

为探究箍筋锈蚀对钢筋混凝土矩形柱轴压性能的影响,以截面形状、箍筋布置、体积配箍率、锈蚀程度为变化参数,设计了27个钢筋混凝土矩形柱试件,并采用全浸泡电化学加速锈蚀法对其中的18个试件进行加速锈蚀。通过轴压试验研究了试件的破坏形态及各参数对其力-位移曲线的影响。结果表明:随着箍筋锈蚀率的增加,试件的初始刚度、极限承载力及延性均有所降低。试件的配箍率越低,其极限承载力降幅越显著。而后,基于锈蚀箍筋约束混凝土峰值应力、纵筋压屈模态下剩余承载力及保护层锈胀剩余承载力模型,建立了锈蚀箍筋约束混凝土矩形柱的极限承载力计算模型。通过预测值与试验值的对比,验证了模型的准确性与适用性。该模型可为锈蚀钢筋混凝土结构的剩余承载力的计算及安全评估提供指导。

多块排样方式的二维板材下料优化模型与算法

针对矩形件二维板材剪切下料问题,提出一种多块排样方式的二维板材下料优化模型与求解算法。为了均衡考虑排样方式的计算复杂度和板材利用率,将多块排样方式的块数定为八块。通过3次一分为二剪切操作将板材分割成八个矩形块,并将每个块剪切成方向相同的同种矩形件。构造八块排样的优化模型及算法是按照排样价值最大原则来确定所有可能尺寸的块中矩形件的最优布局和板材的最优八块划分。提出的列生成算法迭代调用上述八块排样算法生成一系列下料方案,选择耗费板材最少的一个下料方案作为最终解。通过采用文献基准例题和实际生产实例验证了本文算法,实验结果表明:八块排样算法的排样价值高于3种文献排样算法,并且,八块排样方式的下料算法板材利用率高于已有文献给出的下料算法。本文给出算法计算时间可满足实际应用需要。

基于ANSYS的多向模锻液压机的结构优化

针对零件的生产效率问题,本文以某公司设计的一种新型组合式多向模锻液压机为例。利用UG和ANSYS软件建立有限元模型,对其机身框架进行静力学结构分析,得到三个主要部件的应力及变形情况,即上横梁、下横梁及矩形立柱。同时,在满足强度和刚度的前提下,对其进行结构优化改进,从而降低液压机的生产安装成本。结果表明:该机身质量整体降低为18684kg,可为多向模锻液压机的生产设计提供理论参考。

7A04-T6铝合金矩管柱抗震性能研究

为研究7A04-T6铝合金矩管柱的抗震性能,在验证有限元模型可行性的基础上,对12根7A04-T6铝合金矩管在低周反复荷载下的加载过程进行模拟。根据模型计算结果分析长细比、轴压比及截面形式对7A04-T6铝合金矩管抗震性能影响,得出随着长细比、轴压比的增大,构件抗震性能变差,与加载方向对应的矩管柱腹板尺寸对其抗震性能起着主导作用。同时提出了可用于预测7A04-T6铝合金矩管抗震性能的骨架曲线模型,并验证了模型的准确性。

内置异形箍筋矩形钢管混凝土柱的轴压力学性能

钢管混凝土作为一种发展前景广阔的结构形式,具有较好的承载力和塑性变形能力。矩形钢管混凝土柱作为其中常见的一种形式,在实际工程中的应用较为广泛。该研究基于矩形钢管混凝土在实际应用中存在的长短边约束不一致和对核心混凝土约束不足两个问题,探究一种新型的矩形钢管混凝土构件,即内置异形箍筋矩形钢管混凝土柱。为此,对11根内置异形箍筋矩形钢管混凝土柱、2根内置跑道形箍筋的矩形钢管混凝土柱、2根普通矩形钢管混凝土柱开展了轴压力学性能试验,重点分析了并束距、钢管壁厚、混凝土强度等级、箍筋间距、箍筋直径、内置用钢量等重要参数对内置异形箍筋矩形钢管混凝土柱的轴压承载力和延性的影响规律。结果表明:在总用钢量不变的情况下,将矩形钢管的壁厚减薄,并加工成异形箍筋内置于核心混凝土中,能够有效地提高试件的轴压承载力和延性;内置异形箍筋矩形钢管混凝土柱的轴压过程可以分为4个阶段——弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段、塑性强化段、下降段;相比于普通矩形钢管混凝土柱,内置异形箍筋矩形钢管混凝土柱有更为饱满的塑性强化段。在试验和参数分析结果的基础上,采用已有的约束混凝土本构模型,推导得到内置异形箍筋矩形钢管混凝土柱的轴压承载力计算公式。该研究可为实际工程应用提供科学依据和数据参考。

金海特大桥跨磨刀门水道主桥总体设计

金海特大桥跨磨刀门水道主桥采用(58.5+116+3×340+116+58.5)m公铁同层合建四塔斜拉桥。结构体系为刚构连续体系,两中塔塔墩梁固结,边塔处塔梁固结、墩梁分离。为满足公铁同层布置需要,主梁采用了双侧大挑臂式钢箱梁。桥面顶宽49.6 m,挑臂长16 m。桥塔采用四柱式矩形钢塔。桥塔每侧各设13对斜拉索,全桥共设104对,按平行索面扇形布置。主桥整体计算分析表明,全桥整体变形,结构承载力、稳定性均满足规范要求。主梁节段局部分析和钢锚箱局部计算表明主梁细部构造和索塔钢锚箱构造合理,受力满足要求。钢梁、钢塔采用大节段制造,现场拼装方式施工。

交叉渡线类矩形管节断面结构性能分析与验证

以杭州四季青站折返线交叉渡线段为研究对象,该工程受高架、管线等影响无法采用常规明挖法施工,结合交叉渡线建筑限界需求采取无立柱类矩形顶管法施工。通过理论分析、有限元数值模拟、现场实验等手段,分析无立柱类矩形管节在运营、施工工况下的结构变形及内力分布规律,并通过现场监测数据与数值模拟、管节实验数据进行对比分析。研究表明,无立柱类矩形管节断面满足交叉渡线复杂空间及结构受力需求,解决了复杂工况条件下折返线交叉渡线明挖法不适用难题,值得类似工程参考借鉴。

Measurement and Correlation of Pressure Drop for Gas-Liquid Two-phase Flow in Rectangular Microchannels

The pressure drop of gas-liquid two-phase flow in microchannel is of fundamental importance in heat and mass transfer processes. In this work,the pressure drop of gas-liquid two-phase flow in horizontal rectangular cross-section microchannels was measured by a pressure differential transducer system. Water,ethanol and n-propanol were used as liquid phase to study the effects of capillary number on pressure drop;air was used as the gas phase. Four microchannels with various dimensions of 100 μm× 200 μm,100 μm× 400 μm,100 μm× 800 μm and 100 μm× 2000 μm(depth × width) were used for determining the influence of configuration on the pressure drop. Experimental results showed that in micro-scale,the capillary number also affected the pressure drop remarkably,and in spite of only one-fold difference in aspect ratio,the variation of pressure drop reached up to near three times under the same experimental conditions. Taking the effects of aspect ratio and surface tension into account,a modi-fied correlation for Chisholm parameter C in the Chisholm model was proposed for predicting the frictional multi-plier,and the predicted values by the proposed correlation showed a satisfactory agreement with experimental data.