Parts of speech conversion refers to transforming the certain words of the source language into another category words of the target language, which is one of the common methods and techniques used in the translation ...Parts of speech conversion refers to transforming the certain words of the source language into another category words of the target language, which is one of the common methods and techniques used in the translation of English and Chinese languages. This paper starts from a relatively significant difference in English and Chinese language— the tendency of static words in English in contrast to that of dynamic words in Chinese, to explore the theoretical basis of transference in parts of speech in English and Chinese language translation. Combining with a large number of examples, the author puts forward some skills on transformation of parts of speech in English-Chinese translation to guide translation practice. The study found that the theoretical basis of the conversion in English and Chinese mostly including:1) there is a boundary ambiguity between lexical category;2)English SV/SVO structure is rigorous, which leads to expressing the dynamic meaning by means of using other lexical category; 3) the development of social culture not only makes new words continue to increase rapidly, but also gives many used words with new meanings; 4)it is acknowledged in Lexical morphology that English words which come from derivation are in larger number and derivations can make the word class of the corresponding original words either the same or different. The dynamic and specific features of Chinese make it more use of verbs in language use. Thus, in the process of translation, appropriate parts of speech conversion can make the translation more in line with their own habits of expression.展开更多
Conversion refers to the transformation of parts of speech in some words while maintaining the original content unchanged in order to make the translated text sound smooth and fluent as well as more idiomatic in the t...Conversion refers to the transformation of parts of speech in some words while maintaining the original content unchanged in order to make the translated text sound smooth and fluent as well as more idiomatic in the target language. In E-C translation, conversion of pars of speech is one of the most important translation methods. Several different forms about conversion of parts of speech are introduced through analyzing the differences and usages between the two languages so that a better version in E-C translation can be got.展开更多
The study in this paper belongs to the field of the grammar of metaphor. Six types of animal words were investigated in order to find the connection between their parts of speech and metaphorical relationship by apply...The study in this paper belongs to the field of the grammar of metaphor. Six types of animal words were investigated in order to find the connection between their parts of speech and metaphorical relationship by applying the British National Corpus in combination with Collins Dictionary. It is found that not all verbs formed via conversion from nominal animal words carry the conceptual features of the animal entities, and in this case, the resultant verbs do not form metaphors. Where the verbs carry over the conceptual features of the nominal animal words, metaphors will occur. Of course, there are a few exceptions, like fish in fish for, which forms a metaphor though fish as a verb here does not carry over the conceptual features of the nominal fish.As to adjectives and adverbs derived from nominal animal words, they form metaphors in most cases by carrying over the conceptual features of the relevant animals. The study can be broadened to other entity nouns in order to find regularities about when their derivatives form metaphoricity.展开更多
Vagueness is one of the basic characteristic of natural language. Vague language is employed widely in advertising language. In this research cosmetic advertisements in Chinese and English magazines are selected and a...Vagueness is one of the basic characteristic of natural language. Vague language is employed widely in advertising language. In this research cosmetic advertisements in Chinese and English magazines are selected and analyzed. The results show that in Chinese and English cosmetic advertisements vague adjectives are the most frequently adopted, and that vague nouns and verbs are employed greatly. Comparatives, superlatives, hedges, numerals, quantifiers and pronouns are also used in advertisements.展开更多
Neural Machine Translation(NMT)based system is an important technology for translation applications.However,there is plenty of rooms for the improvement of NMT.In the process of NMT,traditional word vector cannot dist...Neural Machine Translation(NMT)based system is an important technology for translation applications.However,there is plenty of rooms for the improvement of NMT.In the process of NMT,traditional word vector cannot distinguish the same words under different parts of speech(POS).Aiming to alleviate this problem,this paper proposed a new word vector training method based on POS feature.It can efficiently improve the quality of translation by adding POS feature to the training process of word vectors.In the experiments,we conducted extensive experiments to evaluate our methods.The experimental result shows that the proposed method is beneficial to improve the quality of translation from English into Chinese.展开更多
A method of part-of-speech tagging of English text based on closed-words, wold-form and rules, its abstract model and formal description of its realizing procedure are presented. Finally, an experimental example is gi...A method of part-of-speech tagging of English text based on closed-words, wold-form and rules, its abstract model and formal description of its realizing procedure are presented. Finally, an experimental example is givento illustrate the application of this method.展开更多
The development of facial recognition technology has become an increasingly powerful tool in wild animal indi-vidual recognition.In this paper,we develop an automatic detection and recognition method with the combinat...The development of facial recognition technology has become an increasingly powerful tool in wild animal indi-vidual recognition.In this paper,we develop an automatic detection and recognition method with the combinations of body features of big cats based on the deep convolutional neural network(CNN).We collected dataset including 12244 images from 47 individual Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)at the Siberian Tiger Park by mobile phones and digital camera and 1940 images and videos of 12 individual wild Amur leopard(Panthera pardus orientalis)by infrared cameras.First,the single shot multibox detector algorithm is used to perform the automatic detection process of feature regions in each image.For the different feature regions of the image,like face stripe or spots,CNNs and multi-layer perceptron models were applied to automatically identify tiger and leopard individuals,in-dependently.Our results show that the identification accuracy of Amur tiger can reach up to 93.27%for face front,93.33%for right body stripe,and 93.46%for left body stripe.Furthermore,the combination of right face,left body stripe,and right body stripe achieves the highest accuracy rate,up to 95.55%.Consequently,the combination of different body parts can improve the individual identification accuracy.However,it is not the higher the number of body parts,the higher the accuracy rate.The combination model with 3 body parts has the highest accuracy.The identification accuracy of Amur leopard can reach up to 86.90%for face front,89.13%for left body spots,and 88.33%for right body spots.The accuracy of different body parts combination is lower than the independent part.For wild Amur leopard,the combination of face with body spot part is not helpful for the improvement of identification accuracy.The most effective identification part is still the independent left or right body spot part.It can be applied in long-term monitoring of big cats,including big data analysis for animal behavior,and be helpful for the individual identification of other wildlife species.展开更多
Fantasy novel is a kind of novel literature, which is different from other fictions. With the passage of time, fantasy novels have great development with human society. There are differences and similarities between C...Fantasy novel is a kind of novel literature, which is different from other fictions. With the passage of time, fantasy novels have great development with human society. There are differences and similarities between Chinese and Western fantasy novels,which make literary works widely spread and popular. This study uses corpus linguistics software(Tree-Tagger, Range) to analyze four famous Chinese and English fantasy novels and their English translation, observing the different of proportion of noun, verb,adverb and adjective and the lexical difficulty of the novel.展开更多
文摘Parts of speech conversion refers to transforming the certain words of the source language into another category words of the target language, which is one of the common methods and techniques used in the translation of English and Chinese languages. This paper starts from a relatively significant difference in English and Chinese language— the tendency of static words in English in contrast to that of dynamic words in Chinese, to explore the theoretical basis of transference in parts of speech in English and Chinese language translation. Combining with a large number of examples, the author puts forward some skills on transformation of parts of speech in English-Chinese translation to guide translation practice. The study found that the theoretical basis of the conversion in English and Chinese mostly including:1) there is a boundary ambiguity between lexical category;2)English SV/SVO structure is rigorous, which leads to expressing the dynamic meaning by means of using other lexical category; 3) the development of social culture not only makes new words continue to increase rapidly, but also gives many used words with new meanings; 4)it is acknowledged in Lexical morphology that English words which come from derivation are in larger number and derivations can make the word class of the corresponding original words either the same or different. The dynamic and specific features of Chinese make it more use of verbs in language use. Thus, in the process of translation, appropriate parts of speech conversion can make the translation more in line with their own habits of expression.
文摘Conversion refers to the transformation of parts of speech in some words while maintaining the original content unchanged in order to make the translated text sound smooth and fluent as well as more idiomatic in the target language. In E-C translation, conversion of pars of speech is one of the most important translation methods. Several different forms about conversion of parts of speech are introduced through analyzing the differences and usages between the two languages so that a better version in E-C translation can be got.
文摘The study in this paper belongs to the field of the grammar of metaphor. Six types of animal words were investigated in order to find the connection between their parts of speech and metaphorical relationship by applying the British National Corpus in combination with Collins Dictionary. It is found that not all verbs formed via conversion from nominal animal words carry the conceptual features of the animal entities, and in this case, the resultant verbs do not form metaphors. Where the verbs carry over the conceptual features of the nominal animal words, metaphors will occur. Of course, there are a few exceptions, like fish in fish for, which forms a metaphor though fish as a verb here does not carry over the conceptual features of the nominal fish.As to adjectives and adverbs derived from nominal animal words, they form metaphors in most cases by carrying over the conceptual features of the relevant animals. The study can be broadened to other entity nouns in order to find regularities about when their derivatives form metaphoricity.
文摘Vagueness is one of the basic characteristic of natural language. Vague language is employed widely in advertising language. In this research cosmetic advertisements in Chinese and English magazines are selected and analyzed. The results show that in Chinese and English cosmetic advertisements vague adjectives are the most frequently adopted, and that vague nouns and verbs are employed greatly. Comparatives, superlatives, hedges, numerals, quantifiers and pronouns are also used in advertisements.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61872231,61701297).
文摘Neural Machine Translation(NMT)based system is an important technology for translation applications.However,there is plenty of rooms for the improvement of NMT.In the process of NMT,traditional word vector cannot distinguish the same words under different parts of speech(POS).Aiming to alleviate this problem,this paper proposed a new word vector training method based on POS feature.It can efficiently improve the quality of translation by adding POS feature to the training process of word vectors.In the experiments,we conducted extensive experiments to evaluate our methods.The experimental result shows that the proposed method is beneficial to improve the quality of translation from English into Chinese.
文摘A method of part-of-speech tagging of English text based on closed-words, wold-form and rules, its abstract model and formal description of its realizing procedure are presented. Finally, an experimental example is givento illustrate the application of this method.
基金funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2572020BC05)the Heilongjiang postdoctoral fund project(LBH-Z18003)+3 种基金the Biodiversity Survey,Monitoring and Assessment Project of Ministry of Ecology and Environment,China(2019HB2096001006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 31872241)the Individual Identification Technological Research on Cameratrapping images of Amur tigers(NFGA 2017)National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Student(S202010225022).
文摘The development of facial recognition technology has become an increasingly powerful tool in wild animal indi-vidual recognition.In this paper,we develop an automatic detection and recognition method with the combinations of body features of big cats based on the deep convolutional neural network(CNN).We collected dataset including 12244 images from 47 individual Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)at the Siberian Tiger Park by mobile phones and digital camera and 1940 images and videos of 12 individual wild Amur leopard(Panthera pardus orientalis)by infrared cameras.First,the single shot multibox detector algorithm is used to perform the automatic detection process of feature regions in each image.For the different feature regions of the image,like face stripe or spots,CNNs and multi-layer perceptron models were applied to automatically identify tiger and leopard individuals,in-dependently.Our results show that the identification accuracy of Amur tiger can reach up to 93.27%for face front,93.33%for right body stripe,and 93.46%for left body stripe.Furthermore,the combination of right face,left body stripe,and right body stripe achieves the highest accuracy rate,up to 95.55%.Consequently,the combination of different body parts can improve the individual identification accuracy.However,it is not the higher the number of body parts,the higher the accuracy rate.The combination model with 3 body parts has the highest accuracy.The identification accuracy of Amur leopard can reach up to 86.90%for face front,89.13%for left body spots,and 88.33%for right body spots.The accuracy of different body parts combination is lower than the independent part.For wild Amur leopard,the combination of face with body spot part is not helpful for the improvement of identification accuracy.The most effective identification part is still the independent left or right body spot part.It can be applied in long-term monitoring of big cats,including big data analysis for animal behavior,and be helpful for the individual identification of other wildlife species.
文摘Fantasy novel is a kind of novel literature, which is different from other fictions. With the passage of time, fantasy novels have great development with human society. There are differences and similarities between Chinese and Western fantasy novels,which make literary works widely spread and popular. This study uses corpus linguistics software(Tree-Tagger, Range) to analyze four famous Chinese and English fantasy novels and their English translation, observing the different of proportion of noun, verb,adverb and adjective and the lexical difficulty of the novel.