The purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between organizational commitment and job performance among employees in Taiwan Residents companies after the COVID-19 epidemic,and to use work motivation and or...The purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between organizational commitment and job performance among employees in Taiwan Residents companies after the COVID-19 epidemic,and to use work motivation and organizational communication as intermediary variables to further understand the interaction between them.Using hierarchical multiple regression analysis and bootstrap method to analyze,the research results show that organizational commitment has a significant positive impact on work motivation and work performance,and work motivation also has a significant positive impact on work performance.In addition,organizational communication has a mediating effect on organizational commitment and work motivation,and work motivation also has a mediating effect on organizational commitment and work machine performance.The results of this study hope to understand the working conditions of organizations and employees after the COVID-19 epidemic,and provide relevant business operators with follow-up references for their operations.展开更多
In order to combine the aesthetic characteristics of ceramic art works with translation principles and fully convey the cultural and artistic connotations of the original works,the research was conducted and can be di...In order to combine the aesthetic characteristics of ceramic art works with translation principles and fully convey the cultural and artistic connotations of the original works,the research was conducted and can be divided into three stages:theoretical research on translation of cross-cultural communication,appreciation of ceramic works of art,and translation practice of ceramic works of art.Through the research,we found that some methods like transliteration can be used to better promote the globalization of Chinese ceramic art and deepen cultural exchanges with other countries.展开更多
The role of communication is very important in the process of flood prevention work.Modern communication technology can transmit information effectively and implement the communication target of dispatching instructio...The role of communication is very important in the process of flood prevention work.Modern communication technology can transmit information effectively and implement the communication target of dispatching instructions.Today,the communication technology covers various types such as mobile communication,satellite communication,short-wave communication,optical fiber communication and digital microwave communication.These modern communication technologies are widely used in transmission of information during the process of domestic flood prevention and water conditions.This article focuses on the research of using modern communication technology as the main objective and its specific application in water conservancy work.展开更多
In this paper,with Collection of Chinese Works by Matteo Ricci written by Zhu Weizheng and A summary Interpretation of Chinese literature of Matteo Ricci in Ming and Qing Dynasties written by Tang Kaijian as major res...In this paper,with Collection of Chinese Works by Matteo Ricci written by Zhu Weizheng and A summary Interpretation of Chinese literature of Matteo Ricci in Ming and Qing Dynasties written by Tang Kaijian as major research texts and historical basis,as well as intercultural communication as the major research method,the aesthetic adaptation of native music of traditional Chinese music,etiquette,sacrifice and religious customs under the description of Matteo Ricci is discussed and interpreted from the perspective of the spread of musical culture of the Maritime Silk Road,four stages of field investigation are planned,and related musical activities and local musical phenomena appearing in his literature have an on-site visit.In this way,the vital position and historical significance of Matteo Ricci’s cultural missionary activities in the music communication on the Maritime Silk Road are obtained.展开更多
B. Network Architectures This section describes the main types of industrial and utility communication network topologies and protocols, in preparation for the discussion of specific security issues in the later secti...B. Network Architectures This section describes the main types of industrial and utility communication network topologies and protocols, in preparation for the discussion of specific security issues in the later sections. Communication networks for industrial automation are typically built in hierarchi-展开更多
Introduction: Bangladesh has experienced remarkable growth in RMG over the past 25 years. With the knitwear industry providing more than 4 million direct jobs, providing better occupational health and safety of worker...Introduction: Bangladesh has experienced remarkable growth in RMG over the past 25 years. With the knitwear industry providing more than 4 million direct jobs, providing better occupational health and safety of workers remains a challenge. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to analyze the disease burden of a RMG factory, and to highlight occupational health risks. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed for this analysis. A 17-month data entry (January 2020 - May 2021) was gathered from the factory in-house clinic. The socio-demographic and clinical diagnosis entries of 8421 entries were analyzed. Result: The population of the factory workers is 5370, where 40% (2148) are female workers and 60% (3222) are male workers. The mean age of respondents is 30 years, with a SD of ±7 years. Among the chief complaints, the most common was vomiting (14%;2262) fever (14%;2247), runny nose (11%;1842), cough (9%;1465), and loose motion (8%;1364). In the diagnosis categories, gastrointestinal diseases were more predominantly diagnosed (35%;2978), followed by viral fever (21%;1772), neurological diseases (16.5%;1389) and musculoskeletal disorders (9%;768). The average cost of medicine for each respondent is BDT 36. The factory covered costs of all medication for 99% (8380) of respondents. Only 0.5% (37) was referred to a tertiary hospital for further evaluation. Conclusion: Garments workers suffer mostly from long-term occupational health hazards. Factory owners and policy makers can contribute in various ways to improving primary healthcare options for workers.展开更多
The paper investigates how group work was implemented in English teaching classrooms in a junior high school of China's Mainland as a case study. The research data was collected by classroom observations, a survey...The paper investigates how group work was implemented in English teaching classrooms in a junior high school of China's Mainland as a case study. The research data was collected by classroom observations, a survey of the students and interviews with the classroom teachers. The research finds a mismatch between an advocacy of group work and the reality of its poor implementation. It has implications on English curriculum innovation and the advocacy of group work in ELT classrooms in China's Mainland.展开更多
A novel neural network based on iterated unscented Kalman filter (IUKF) algorithm is established to model and com- pensate for the fiber optic gyro (FOG) bias drift caused by temperature. In the network, FOG tempe...A novel neural network based on iterated unscented Kalman filter (IUKF) algorithm is established to model and com- pensate for the fiber optic gyro (FOG) bias drift caused by temperature. In the network, FOG temperature and its gradient are set as input and the FOG bias drift is set as the expected output. A 2-5-1 network trained with IUKF algorithm is established. The IUKF algorithm is developed on the basis of the unscented Kalman filter (UKF). The weight and bias vectors of the hidden layer are set as the state of the UKF and its process and measurement equations are deduced according to the network architecture. To solve the unavoidable estimation deviation of the mean and covariance of the states in the UKF algorithm, iterative computation is introduced into the UKF after the measurement update. While the measure- ment noise R is extended into the state vectors before iteration in order to meet the statistic orthogonality of estimate and mea- surement noise. The IUKF algorithm can provide the optimized estimation for the neural network because of its state expansion and iteration. Temperature rise (-20-20℃) and drop (70-20℃) tests for FOG are carried out in an attemperator. The temperature drift model is built with neural network, and it is trained respectively with BP, UKF and IUKF algorithms. The results prove that the proposed model has higher precision compared with the back- propagation (BP) and UKF network models.展开更多
A new thermal ring-opening polymerization technique for 1, 1, 3, 3-tetra-ph enyl-1, 3-disilacyclobutane (TPDC) based on the use of metal nanoparticles produced by pulsed laser ablation was investigated. This method ...A new thermal ring-opening polymerization technique for 1, 1, 3, 3-tetra-ph enyl-1, 3-disilacyclobutane (TPDC) based on the use of metal nanoparticles produced by pulsed laser ablation was investigated. This method facilitates the synthesis of polydiphenysilylenemethyle (PDPhSM) thin film, which is difficult to make by conventional methods because of its insolubility and high melting point. TPDC was first evaporated on silicon substrates and then exposed to metal nanoparticles deposition by pulsed laser ablation prior to heat treatment.The TPDC films with metal nanoparticles were heated in an electric furnace in air atmosphere to induce ring-opening polymerization of TPDC. The film thicknesses before and after polymerization were measured by a stylus profilometer. Since the polymerization process competes with re-evaporation of TPDC during the heating, the thickness ratio of the polymer to the monomer was defined as the polymerization efficiency, which depends greatly on the technology conditions. Therefore, a well trained radial base function neural network model was constructed to approach the complex nonlinear relationship. Moreover, a particle swarm algorithm was firstly introduced to search for an optimum technology directly from RBF neural network model. This ensures that the fabrication of thin film with appropriate properties using pulsed laser ablation requires no in-depth understanding of the entire behavior of the technology conditions.展开更多
It is a discussion of how to secure the workplace happiness by interviews of a professional and two employees.It addresses that making an employee feel valued to the company,good working relationships,achievements rec...It is a discussion of how to secure the workplace happiness by interviews of a professional and two employees.It addresses that making an employee feel valued to the company,good working relationships,achievements recognized and leadership are significant to maintain employee satisfaction and well being.展开更多
In order to realize the communicative function of English and reduce the disadvantages of large-class teaching,group work can be adopted to achieve the goal to some extent with its practical significance.This paper ai...In order to realize the communicative function of English and reduce the disadvantages of large-class teaching,group work can be adopted to achieve the goal to some extent with its practical significance.This paper aims to illustrate the advantages of group work and some reflections on the real application of group work activities in teaching.展开更多
Group work is a form of voluntary association of members benefiting from cooperative learning,which enhances the total output of the activity.Therefore,group discussion is a way for active participants to explore new ...Group work is a form of voluntary association of members benefiting from cooperative learning,which enhances the total output of the activity.Therefore,group discussion is a way for active participants to explore new ideas.Based on the previously observed practices in 4th year civil engineering students at Debre Markos University,the group member participations was not pleasing.The objective of this study was to identify the core causes of low participation of group members in their project work and to take actions for improving group member participation.The data collection method used questionnaires and interviews and was analyzed using Microsoft Excels.Action research done in civil engineering 4th year Extension courses focused on continuous advising and instruction.These practices have achieved a good understanding of how to increase active participation in their group work activities.Therefore,a main conclusion of this project is that an active learning method helps the students to share skill,knowledge and attitude to each other.展开更多
One crucial measure of strengthening and advancing the Party's work on ethnic affairs in the new era is to promote interaction,communication and integration of various ethnic groups,so as to enhance commonality.En...One crucial measure of strengthening and advancing the Party's work on ethnic affairs in the new era is to promote interaction,communication and integration of various ethnic groups,so as to enhance commonality.Entering the new era,Inner Mongolia,Guangxi and Ningxia have achieved remarkable results in encouraging interaction,communication and integration of various ethnic groups.By comparatively analyzing successes of the three autonomous regions through the perspective of promoting commonality,this article summarizes the following strategic revelations:1)we should comprehensively implement the Party's ethnic policies and ensure theactual implementation of mutual interaction,mutual communication and mutual integration of ethnic groups;2)we should proactively promote the substantial progress of the economy,so as to provide solid material foundation for mutual interaction,mutual communication and mutual integration of ethnic groups;3)we should facilitate activities that promote ethnic unity and progress,so that the promotion of interaction,communication and mutual integration of ethnic groups can be seen,be felt and gain actual outcomes;4)we should take measures that suit to local conditions and explore all-round embedding mechanisms in order to foster the ethos for mutual interaction,mutual communication and mutual integration of ethnic groups;5)we should make every effort to forge a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation and orient precisely to the cause of encouraging mutual interaction,mutual communication and mutual integration of ethnic groups.展开更多
For networks that are directed or can be represented by a directed network,reversing one or more of the uni-directional links may provide the ability to reconnect a network that has been disconnected by link failure, ...For networks that are directed or can be represented by a directed network,reversing one or more of the uni-directional links may provide the ability to reconnect a network that has been disconnected by link failure, In this paper,a new approach to reconfigure such networks is proposed.We develop a linear time algorithm which,when reachability has been destroyed by the removal of a single link,optimally restores teachability through the reversal of selected links.Multi-link failure reconnectability is discussed and an algorithm with polynomial complexity is given which provides a nearly optimum solution to reconnect the network.We show that the reliability of a network that allows reversals is at least twice more than that in which reversals are not permitted.Unfortunately,the reconnection of some networks cannot be established.Therefore,we discuss the maximization of reachability of such networks so that each node can reach maximum number of the other nodes.展开更多
In order to diagnose the working status of each module on sensor node and make sure the wireless sensor networks (WSN) work properly, the components of sensor node and their working characteristics are studied. An o...In order to diagnose the working status of each module on sensor node and make sure the wireless sensor networks (WSN) work properly, the components of sensor node and their working characteristics are studied. An on-line fault self-diagnosis method for sensor node is proposed. First, a flexible fault sensing circuit is designed as a state detection module on sensor node. Second, a self- diagnosis algorithm is proposed based on the hardware design and the failure analysis on sensor node. Finally, in order to ensure the WSN reliability, the voltage changes of each module working statuses can be observed using the state detection module and the faulty module will be found out timely. The experimental results show that this self-diagnosis method is suitable to sensor nodes in WSN.展开更多
Objectives: The goals of this work were to critically explore the challenges faced by overseas nurses during their working careers in the UK, to critically explore the available support for overseas nurses, and to mak...Objectives: The goals of this work were to critically explore the challenges faced by overseas nurses during their working careers in the UK, to critically explore the available support for overseas nurses, and to make recommendations on how to minimize the effects of these challenges, as well as how to provide more support for overseas nurses during their working careers in the UK.Methods: A systematic and comprehensive literature review was conducted to explore the said objectives. A search was conducted in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL), Scopus, and Academic Search Complete databases for relevant research. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select the included articles. A total of 8 studies including 6 qualitative studies,1 quantitative study, and 1 mixed-method study were selected for literature review. The validity and reliability of these 8 studies were analyzed by using 2 appraisal tools.Results: This review reveals 4 challenges, which overseas nurses experience in the past 15 years, including cultural differences,communication issues, unequal opportunities, and de-skilling. These challenges have a negative impact on overseas nurses' emotions and career development. The formal and informal supports are revealed in this review. Various supports can help overseas nurses to work better.Conclusions: This review reveals 4 challenges faced by overseas nurses, including cultural differences, communication issues,and unequal opportunities and de-skilling. These challenges naturally have a profound negative impact on the emotions and career development of overseas nurses. Additionally, the formal and informal support systems available to these nurses are reviewed. Various support systems can help overseas nurses work more effectively.展开更多
This study concern how professional knowledge is discussed, understood and employed by integration workers in an integration activity in Sweden called Civic Orientation. The changing and complex nature of integration ...This study concern how professional knowledge is discussed, understood and employed by integration workers in an integration activity in Sweden called Civic Orientation. The changing and complex nature of integration work implies that integration workers need specialized knowledge to ensure quality of the activity. Defining what is meant by professional knowledge is especially important and to address these issues, this study focuses on what constitutes professional knowledge with respect to the efforts made to support immigrant integration. Our study reveals that professional knowledge in Civic Orientation encompasses the understanding and responding to the heterogeneity of the groups in daily interactions, developing standardized procedures;and knowledge about how to establishing a cumulative approach to knowledge in the organization. We argue that these motives are embedded in different perspectives on culture and knowledge. Furthermore, these different perspectives are expressed as tensions between values of creativity and standardization as well as between equality and heterogeneity.展开更多
文摘The purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between organizational commitment and job performance among employees in Taiwan Residents companies after the COVID-19 epidemic,and to use work motivation and organizational communication as intermediary variables to further understand the interaction between them.Using hierarchical multiple regression analysis and bootstrap method to analyze,the research results show that organizational commitment has a significant positive impact on work motivation and work performance,and work motivation also has a significant positive impact on work performance.In addition,organizational communication has a mediating effect on organizational commitment and work motivation,and work motivation also has a mediating effect on organizational commitment and work machine performance.The results of this study hope to understand the working conditions of organizations and employees after the COVID-19 epidemic,and provide relevant business operators with follow-up references for their operations.
基金USST 2022 Excellent Postgraduate Case Database Construction Project“MTI(English)Graduation Thesis Teaching Excellent Case Database”First-Class Curriculum Construction Program of USST“English Interpreting Ability Training”(YLKC202204)The Eleventh China Foreign Language Education Fund Project“On the Blended Teaching Model of Interpretation Course With the Synergistic Development of Interpretation Ability and Critical Thinking Ability”(ZGWYJYJJ11A071).
文摘In order to combine the aesthetic characteristics of ceramic art works with translation principles and fully convey the cultural and artistic connotations of the original works,the research was conducted and can be divided into three stages:theoretical research on translation of cross-cultural communication,appreciation of ceramic works of art,and translation practice of ceramic works of art.Through the research,we found that some methods like transliteration can be used to better promote the globalization of Chinese ceramic art and deepen cultural exchanges with other countries.
文摘The role of communication is very important in the process of flood prevention work.Modern communication technology can transmit information effectively and implement the communication target of dispatching instructions.Today,the communication technology covers various types such as mobile communication,satellite communication,short-wave communication,optical fiber communication and digital microwave communication.These modern communication technologies are widely used in transmission of information during the process of domestic flood prevention and water conditions.This article focuses on the research of using modern communication technology as the main objective and its specific application in water conservancy work.
文摘In this paper,with Collection of Chinese Works by Matteo Ricci written by Zhu Weizheng and A summary Interpretation of Chinese literature of Matteo Ricci in Ming and Qing Dynasties written by Tang Kaijian as major research texts and historical basis,as well as intercultural communication as the major research method,the aesthetic adaptation of native music of traditional Chinese music,etiquette,sacrifice and religious customs under the description of Matteo Ricci is discussed and interpreted from the perspective of the spread of musical culture of the Maritime Silk Road,four stages of field investigation are planned,and related musical activities and local musical phenomena appearing in his literature have an on-site visit.In this way,the vital position and historical significance of Matteo Ricci’s cultural missionary activities in the music communication on the Maritime Silk Road are obtained.
文摘B. Network Architectures This section describes the main types of industrial and utility communication network topologies and protocols, in preparation for the discussion of specific security issues in the later sections. Communication networks for industrial automation are typically built in hierarchi-
文摘Introduction: Bangladesh has experienced remarkable growth in RMG over the past 25 years. With the knitwear industry providing more than 4 million direct jobs, providing better occupational health and safety of workers remains a challenge. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to analyze the disease burden of a RMG factory, and to highlight occupational health risks. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed for this analysis. A 17-month data entry (January 2020 - May 2021) was gathered from the factory in-house clinic. The socio-demographic and clinical diagnosis entries of 8421 entries were analyzed. Result: The population of the factory workers is 5370, where 40% (2148) are female workers and 60% (3222) are male workers. The mean age of respondents is 30 years, with a SD of ±7 years. Among the chief complaints, the most common was vomiting (14%;2262) fever (14%;2247), runny nose (11%;1842), cough (9%;1465), and loose motion (8%;1364). In the diagnosis categories, gastrointestinal diseases were more predominantly diagnosed (35%;2978), followed by viral fever (21%;1772), neurological diseases (16.5%;1389) and musculoskeletal disorders (9%;768). The average cost of medicine for each respondent is BDT 36. The factory covered costs of all medication for 99% (8380) of respondents. Only 0.5% (37) was referred to a tertiary hospital for further evaluation. Conclusion: Garments workers suffer mostly from long-term occupational health hazards. Factory owners and policy makers can contribute in various ways to improving primary healthcare options for workers.
文摘The paper investigates how group work was implemented in English teaching classrooms in a junior high school of China's Mainland as a case study. The research data was collected by classroom observations, a survey of the students and interviews with the classroom teachers. The research finds a mismatch between an advocacy of group work and the reality of its poor implementation. It has implications on English curriculum innovation and the advocacy of group work in ELT classrooms in China's Mainland.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6110418440904018)+3 种基金the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Project(2011YQ12004502)the Research Foundation of General Armament Department(201300000008)the Doctor Innovation Fund of Naval University of Engineering(HGBSCXJJ2011008)the Youth Natural Science Foundation of Naval University of Engineering(HGDQNJJ12028)
文摘A novel neural network based on iterated unscented Kalman filter (IUKF) algorithm is established to model and com- pensate for the fiber optic gyro (FOG) bias drift caused by temperature. In the network, FOG temperature and its gradient are set as input and the FOG bias drift is set as the expected output. A 2-5-1 network trained with IUKF algorithm is established. The IUKF algorithm is developed on the basis of the unscented Kalman filter (UKF). The weight and bias vectors of the hidden layer are set as the state of the UKF and its process and measurement equations are deduced according to the network architecture. To solve the unavoidable estimation deviation of the mean and covariance of the states in the UKF algorithm, iterative computation is introduced into the UKF after the measurement update. While the measure- ment noise R is extended into the state vectors before iteration in order to meet the statistic orthogonality of estimate and mea- surement noise. The IUKF algorithm can provide the optimized estimation for the neural network because of its state expansion and iteration. Temperature rise (-20-20℃) and drop (70-20℃) tests for FOG are carried out in an attemperator. The temperature drift model is built with neural network, and it is trained respectively with BP, UKF and IUKF algorithms. The results prove that the proposed model has higher precision compared with the back- propagation (BP) and UKF network models.
基金Funded by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.R405031)Jiaxing Science Planning Project(2009 2007)the Educa-tion Department of Zhejiang Province (No.20051441)
文摘A new thermal ring-opening polymerization technique for 1, 1, 3, 3-tetra-ph enyl-1, 3-disilacyclobutane (TPDC) based on the use of metal nanoparticles produced by pulsed laser ablation was investigated. This method facilitates the synthesis of polydiphenysilylenemethyle (PDPhSM) thin film, which is difficult to make by conventional methods because of its insolubility and high melting point. TPDC was first evaporated on silicon substrates and then exposed to metal nanoparticles deposition by pulsed laser ablation prior to heat treatment.The TPDC films with metal nanoparticles were heated in an electric furnace in air atmosphere to induce ring-opening polymerization of TPDC. The film thicknesses before and after polymerization were measured by a stylus profilometer. Since the polymerization process competes with re-evaporation of TPDC during the heating, the thickness ratio of the polymer to the monomer was defined as the polymerization efficiency, which depends greatly on the technology conditions. Therefore, a well trained radial base function neural network model was constructed to approach the complex nonlinear relationship. Moreover, a particle swarm algorithm was firstly introduced to search for an optimum technology directly from RBF neural network model. This ensures that the fabrication of thin film with appropriate properties using pulsed laser ablation requires no in-depth understanding of the entire behavior of the technology conditions.
文摘It is a discussion of how to secure the workplace happiness by interviews of a professional and two employees.It addresses that making an employee feel valued to the company,good working relationships,achievements recognized and leadership are significant to maintain employee satisfaction and well being.
文摘In order to realize the communicative function of English and reduce the disadvantages of large-class teaching,group work can be adopted to achieve the goal to some extent with its practical significance.This paper aims to illustrate the advantages of group work and some reflections on the real application of group work activities in teaching.
文摘Group work is a form of voluntary association of members benefiting from cooperative learning,which enhances the total output of the activity.Therefore,group discussion is a way for active participants to explore new ideas.Based on the previously observed practices in 4th year civil engineering students at Debre Markos University,the group member participations was not pleasing.The objective of this study was to identify the core causes of low participation of group members in their project work and to take actions for improving group member participation.The data collection method used questionnaires and interviews and was analyzed using Microsoft Excels.Action research done in civil engineering 4th year Extension courses focused on continuous advising and instruction.These practices have achieved a good understanding of how to increase active participation in their group work activities.Therefore,a main conclusion of this project is that an active learning method helps the students to share skill,knowledge and attitude to each other.
文摘One crucial measure of strengthening and advancing the Party's work on ethnic affairs in the new era is to promote interaction,communication and integration of various ethnic groups,so as to enhance commonality.Entering the new era,Inner Mongolia,Guangxi and Ningxia have achieved remarkable results in encouraging interaction,communication and integration of various ethnic groups.By comparatively analyzing successes of the three autonomous regions through the perspective of promoting commonality,this article summarizes the following strategic revelations:1)we should comprehensively implement the Party's ethnic policies and ensure theactual implementation of mutual interaction,mutual communication and mutual integration of ethnic groups;2)we should proactively promote the substantial progress of the economy,so as to provide solid material foundation for mutual interaction,mutual communication and mutual integration of ethnic groups;3)we should facilitate activities that promote ethnic unity and progress,so that the promotion of interaction,communication and mutual integration of ethnic groups can be seen,be felt and gain actual outcomes;4)we should take measures that suit to local conditions and explore all-round embedding mechanisms in order to foster the ethos for mutual interaction,mutual communication and mutual integration of ethnic groups;5)we should make every effort to forge a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation and orient precisely to the cause of encouraging mutual interaction,mutual communication and mutual integration of ethnic groups.
文摘For networks that are directed or can be represented by a directed network,reversing one or more of the uni-directional links may provide the ability to reconnect a network that has been disconnected by link failure, In this paper,a new approach to reconfigure such networks is proposed.We develop a linear time algorithm which,when reachability has been destroyed by the removal of a single link,optimally restores teachability through the reversal of selected links.Multi-link failure reconnectability is discussed and an algorithm with polynomial complexity is given which provides a nearly optimum solution to reconnect the network.We show that the reliability of a network that allows reversals is at least twice more than that in which reversals are not permitted.Unfortunately,the reconnection of some networks cannot be established.Therefore,we discuss the maximization of reachability of such networks so that each node can reach maximum number of the other nodes.
基金Supported by the Basic Research Foundation of Beijing Institute of Technology(200705422009)
文摘In order to diagnose the working status of each module on sensor node and make sure the wireless sensor networks (WSN) work properly, the components of sensor node and their working characteristics are studied. An on-line fault self-diagnosis method for sensor node is proposed. First, a flexible fault sensing circuit is designed as a state detection module on sensor node. Second, a self- diagnosis algorithm is proposed based on the hardware design and the failure analysis on sensor node. Finally, in order to ensure the WSN reliability, the voltage changes of each module working statuses can be observed using the state detection module and the faulty module will be found out timely. The experimental results show that this self-diagnosis method is suitable to sensor nodes in WSN.
文摘Objectives: The goals of this work were to critically explore the challenges faced by overseas nurses during their working careers in the UK, to critically explore the available support for overseas nurses, and to make recommendations on how to minimize the effects of these challenges, as well as how to provide more support for overseas nurses during their working careers in the UK.Methods: A systematic and comprehensive literature review was conducted to explore the said objectives. A search was conducted in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL), Scopus, and Academic Search Complete databases for relevant research. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select the included articles. A total of 8 studies including 6 qualitative studies,1 quantitative study, and 1 mixed-method study were selected for literature review. The validity and reliability of these 8 studies were analyzed by using 2 appraisal tools.Results: This review reveals 4 challenges, which overseas nurses experience in the past 15 years, including cultural differences,communication issues, unequal opportunities, and de-skilling. These challenges have a negative impact on overseas nurses' emotions and career development. The formal and informal supports are revealed in this review. Various supports can help overseas nurses to work better.Conclusions: This review reveals 4 challenges faced by overseas nurses, including cultural differences, communication issues,and unequal opportunities and de-skilling. These challenges naturally have a profound negative impact on the emotions and career development of overseas nurses. Additionally, the formal and informal support systems available to these nurses are reviewed. Various support systems can help overseas nurses work more effectively.
文摘This study concern how professional knowledge is discussed, understood and employed by integration workers in an integration activity in Sweden called Civic Orientation. The changing and complex nature of integration work implies that integration workers need specialized knowledge to ensure quality of the activity. Defining what is meant by professional knowledge is especially important and to address these issues, this study focuses on what constitutes professional knowledge with respect to the efforts made to support immigrant integration. Our study reveals that professional knowledge in Civic Orientation encompasses the understanding and responding to the heterogeneity of the groups in daily interactions, developing standardized procedures;and knowledge about how to establishing a cumulative approach to knowledge in the organization. We argue that these motives are embedded in different perspectives on culture and knowledge. Furthermore, these different perspectives are expressed as tensions between values of creativity and standardization as well as between equality and heterogeneity.