Construction of Urban Mixed-age Community: Opportunities, Challenges and Countermeasures: A Case Study of“Fangjia Hutong”in Beijing

In the context of China’s economic development and population aging,the innovation and exploration of the old-age care model has emerged as a new community transformation and development direction.Given the differing needs and characteristics of individuals across the lifespan,it is evident that a design approach that incorporates mixed-age integration and mutual-help communities is a viable strategy for enhancing intergenerational exchanges.This entails the creation of a diverse and open community that is conducive to habitation for individuals of all ages,encompassing the full spectrum of needs,from those of young children to the elderly.Such a community must be designed and constructed with the population in mind,from the initial planning and design stages to the operational phase.This encompasses a comprehensive range of services,including food,clothing,housing,transportation,and medical care and recreation.

The Inner Logic and Practical Path of University student Education Management from the Perspective of“One-Stop”Student Community Construction in Universities

The“one-stop”student community is an important component of the education system in the new era of universities,and is an important practical base for university students to carry out practical education and moral education.However,the construction of student communities still faces practical problems such as insufficient strength and lack of effective support in the current education system.Therefore,building a reasonable“one-stop”student community operation mode and exploring effective practical methods are the key to promoting student growth and development,stimulating learning willingness,and enhancing service awareness.They are also a powerful development and key force for highquality construction of student communities and the effectiveness of university education.

Study on Construction Strategy of Rainwater Landscape System in Urban Residential Community

On the basis of analyzing the function and restriction conditions of water features in residential community, the feasibility and specific strategies of using rain- water to construct the waterscape system in residential community were proposed, with the aim to deal with the problems of urban water shortage, urban waterlogging and initial rainwater non-point source pollution.

Construction and application of an assessment index system for evalu ating the eco-community’s sustainability

An assessment index system including environment, socio-culture, economy and technology was established for evaluating environmental construction level of community （objective construction）, and questionnaire was designed according to paper review for evaluating residential satisfaction （subjective satisfaction）. The index system was divided into four layers： system （A）, subsystems （B）, categories （C）, and indicators （D）, and in total of 38 indicators was established. The Xihe community, affiliated to Nanfen district, Benxi City, Liaoning Province, China was selected as a case study. Results indicated that the community sustainability index related to objective environmental construction was 0.4355 and was classified as class Ⅲ （moderate）; the community sustainability index related to the residential satisfaction was 0.4255, belonging to class Ⅲ. In conclusion, the sustainability of Xihe community was moderate and needed to be improved. Residential satisfaction was lower than objective environmental construction. The assessment index system established in this study is able to reflect the comprehensive sustainability of community and can be used to evaluate other similar communities＇ sustainability.

Research of Spatial Construction Strategy in Chinese New Rural Community

Through the field survey of traditional rural settlement,it has found that the typical spatial construction model shows the duality of matrix and landmark and they are in a relation of reciprocal causality.However,under the impact of urbanization and modernization,this spatial construction model is disappearing,and those natural villages are integrated and reconstructed at a high speed and in a large scale during the construction of new rural communities,leading to a lack of geographical construction system and a damage of ecological living environment.In the perspective of prototype theory,the duality feature should be combined with spatial construction model to guide the inheritance and application of spatial construction model of traditional rural settlements and seek for new spatial development approach for new rural communities based on the sustainable,alternative and transformation strategies.

STUDIES ON STEROIDAL PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR 24. STEREOCONTROLLED CONSTRUCTION OF THE SIDE CHAIN OF BRASSINOLIDE AND HOMOBRASSINOLIDE VIA A TANDEM VICINAL DIALKYLATION OF PYRANONE MOIETY

A stereocontrolled construction of the side chain of brassinclide and homobrassinolide has been achieved via the tandem vicinal dialkylation of the pyranone moiety as a key step.

Exploration of Priority Strategies for Harmonious Development between Urbanization and the Construction of New Countryside in China Based on the Theory of Unbalanced Growth

Based on the theory of unbalanced growth,we analyze priority strategy of different regions in China.It is prior to enhance the quality of urbanization in the East,make a long-term planning for construction of small towns,focus on harmony between human and nature,so as to realize its development to integrate with international urbanization level.For the middle areas,urbanization and construction of new countryside should be developed simultaneously,take a road of interactive development of urban and rural areas,finally to raise the level of urbanization.As to the western areas,it is required to firstly build new countryside,focus on construction of infrastructural facilities,adjust and optimize structure of agricultural production,and push forward the agricultural industrialization.

Construction of Guiding System for Growth and Development of College Students under the Student-oriented Concept

The student-oriented concept is a kind of people orientation. It emphasizes respect and support for students. It is student-centered,and is for all students. At the school level,the guiding principles of student orientation and respecting teachers and teaching must be adhered to,and corresponding reforms in the school's system,policies and environment needs to be carried out. At the university teacher level,the concept of student orientation must be adhered to in teaching,and it is regarded as the guiding concept of teaching and education and is implemented in classroom teaching and practical teaching. At the level of college administrator,the concept of student orientation must be adhered in the course of daily management and service to do better management,service and education work. In order to better implement the student-oriented concept and promote the growth and development of college students,we needs to build a mentor team for college students' growth based on political workers,establish a team of academic tutors for college students based on professional teachers and build a platform for cooperation between schools and enterprises. The innovative training mode can promote students to grow into talents.

Construction of Green Community Index System under the Background of Community Construction

Under the background of community construction, green community has become a concentrated embodiment of human pursuit of high-quality life. Green community plays an important role in saving energy, improving living environment and promoting sustainable development. By establishing the evaluation index system of green community, this paper attempts to make a more comprehensive evaluation from the aspects of resources, environment and management mode of green community, to effectively evaluate the development level of green community, to provide reference for government departments to manage and develop the development of decision-making green community, to provide guidance for planning and designing green community environment, and to provide direction for the construction of green sustainable development. At the same time, it is beneficial to the promotion and development of green environmental protection technology.

Analysis of Indigents Selection by the Community: A Construction Inequality

Burkina Faso conducted a community selection of the indigent in eight health districts. The selection targeted 15% to 20% indigent per district. This study analyzed the data of this selection from the databases of the Ministry of Health. Descriptive analysis and time series modeling were performed. Indigents were predominantly female, heads of household were mostly elderly, and the average age of household members ranged from 21.9 to 29.8 years. The households were small. Indigents were mostly uneducated and employed. They all belonged to a given religious denomination, Muslims were the most numerous. The majority of the indigents were married and almost a quarter of them were widows. About 2% to 17% of indigents were selected depending on the district. Forecasts showed both an increase and a decrease in the use of health care by indigents. The study recommends considering the poverty level specific to each district when selecting, strengthening education policies targeting the indigent, improving the socio-health conditions of the indigent including specific actions considering age, sex and marital status, and the formulation of an employment policy targeting the indigent. Analyzes of the relationship between poverty and religion may allow the exploitation of religious capital for the benefit of the indigent.

Construction of Rural Community Governance Path:Based on the Empirical Analysis of Chaoyang Community in Dazhou,Sichuan

Promoting community governance and service innovation is the theme of the times for comprehensively deepening reforms in the field of community construction.The stability and development of the most basic rural community is another important task of community governance.The current rural social governance work is extremely weak,seriously affecting the process of the entire social governance work.Constructing the path of rural community governance has become an important task for the majority of theoretical workers and grassroots practitioners.Taking Chaoyang Community,Tongchuan District,Dazhou,Sichuan Province as an example,with the goal of creating a community with the rule of law,peace,harmony,beauty and livability,a new model and new path to build community governance is proposed in this article.

Research on the Bottleneck and Countermeasures of Community Nursing Staff＇s Professional Construction

With the increasing of aging, community pension is becoming the choice of the majority of elderly people, and the quality of community care service is closely related to the professional level of nursing staff. Through the questionnaire survey, the nursing staff＇ s high age and low education, lack of related legal basis, lack of assessment standard, the public do not understand professional construction and lack of corresponding incentive mechanism is the main bottleneck of the professional development of the nursing staff.We can through some countermeasures,such as improve the mechanism of personnel protection for community nursing staff, improve management mechanism and legal mechanism, strengthen the ideological understanding understanding of the professional construction of community nursing staffand so on ,to improve the professional level of community nursing staff, in order to better improve the service quality of nurse.

Characteristics of the microbial communities in the integrated vertical-flow constructed wetlands

Microorganisms play an important role in removing pollutants from constructed wetlands. We investigated the microbial characteristics in a novel integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland （IVCW）, which has been in operation in Wuhan, China since 1998. We used phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） and amoA gene to analyze the structure and diversity of the microbial community within the IVCW. PLFA results suggested that the amount of bacterial PLFA was significantly higher than that of fungal PLFA, but the total microbial biomass represented by PLFA index was low in the system. Microbial spatial distribution showed significantly higher bacterial （both G^＋ and G^-） and fungal biomass in the surface than in the subsurface layers. The ratios of monounsaturated to branched PLFA demonstrated that an anaerobic layer sandwiched by two aerobic layers existed in the IVCW, consistent with the redox potential results. Analysis of the amoA revealed the presence of Nitrosomonas-like sequences in the surface substrate of the downflow chamber and apparent diversities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the system. These results suggest that microorganisms, despite their relatively low biomass, have inhabited the IVCW, and the results will offer some valuable information on microbe to system designers and managers.

Comparative study of microbial community structure in different filter media of constructed wetland

Comparisons of microbial community structure, in eight filter media of zeolites, anthracite, shale, vermiculite, ceramic filter media, gravel, steel slag and bio-ceramic, were undertaken by analyzing the phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） composition. A total of 20 fatty acids in the range of C18to C20 were determined but only 13 PLFAs were detected in steel slag. They consist of saturated fatty acids, branched fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The variation of fatty acids was revealed in the relative proportions of these fatty acids in different media. The aerobic prokaryotes were the predominant group in all media. The PLFA composition showed significant differences among the eight different media by Tukey＇s honestly test. It was found that steel slag was significantly different in the microbial community as compared to other filter media, probably due to its alkaline effluent. Steel slag alone is probably not a good choice of substratum in constructed wetlands. The principle components analysis （PCA） showed that zeolites, bio-ceramic, shale and vermiculite had a similar microbial community structure while steel slag and ceramic filter media were distinct from other media.

Intrauterine growth restriction alters growth performance, plasma hormones,and small intestinal microbial communities in growing-finishing pigs

Background: The interaction of the gut microbiota with key metabolic and physiological processes may be associated with poor growth outcomes in animals born with intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR).Results: Growth performance, plasma hormone concentrations, and intestinal microbiota composition were analyzed in IUGR pigs and in normal birth weight(NBW) pigs when the NBW pigs reached 25, 50, and 100 kg of body weight(BW). Compared to NBW pigs, IUGR pigs had lower initial, weaned, and final BW, and lower average daily gain and average daily feed intake in all the considered time points. In the 25 kg BW group, IUGR pigs had higher concentrations of plasma ghrelin and pancreatic polypeptide(PP), but lower insulin concentration than NBW pigs, while the situation was reversed in the 50 kg BW group. As compared to NBW pigs, IUGR pigs had higher microbial alpha diversity in the jejunum and ileum;in the 50 and 100 kg BW groups, IUGR pigs had higher Firmicutes abundance but lower Proteobacteria abundance in the jejunum, and lower Lactobacillus abundance in the jejunum and ileum;in the 25 kg BW group, IUGR pigs showed higher unclassified Ruminococcaceae abundance in the ileum;and in 25 and 50 kg BW groups, IUGR pigs showed lower Ochrobactrum abundance in the jejunum.Spearman's correlation revealed that Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with growth performance, while unclassified Ruminococcaceae was positively correlated. Predictive metagenomic analysis detected significantly different expression of genes in the intestinal microbiota between IUGR and NBW pigs, suggesting different metabolic capabilities between the two groups.Conclusions: Growing-finishing IUGR pigs showed lower growth performance, higher microbial alpha diversity, and differences in plasma hormone concentrations compared to NBW pigs. Alterations in the abundance of Firmicutes,Proteobacteria, Ruminococcaceae, Lactobacillus, and Ochrobactrum in the small intestine may be associated with IUGR, and may therefore serve as a future target for gut microbiota intervention in growing-finishing IUGR pigs.

Multispecies communities:interspecies interactions influence growth on saliva as sole nutritional source

Human oral bacteria live in multispecies communities in the biofilm called dental plaque. This review focuses on the interactions of seven species and the ability of each species individually and together with other species to grow on saliva as the sole source of nutrient. Community formation in biofihns in flow cells is monitored using species-specific fluorophore-conjugated immunoglobulin Gy and images are captured by confocal microscopy. Early colonizing veillonellae emerge from this review of interspecies interactions in saliva as a critical genus that guides the development of multispecies communities. Highly selective interspecies recognition is evident as initial colonizers pair with early and middle colonizers to form multispecies communities that grow on saliva.

Assessment of Man-made and Natural Hazards in the Surroundings of Hydropower Projects under Construction in the Beas Valley of Northwestern Himalaya

Mountain ecosystem, on the earth, has plenty of natural resources. In Himachal Pradesh all the rivers are snowfed and therefore rich in water resources. These resources have been supporting enough for the generation of electricity through introducing hydropower projects since the last decade However, every developmental activity has its own negative impacts on the surrounding environment. Due to the fragile nature of topography and delicacy of ecology of the Himalaya, it results in lot of disturbances because of high degree of human interferences like construction of major hydropower projects. The increased extent of geological hazards, such as landslides, rock fall and soil erosion, have mainly due to alike developmental interventions in the natural ecosystem. So understanding and analysing such impacts of the hydropower projects have mainly been on the environment in various forms but natural hazards have been frequent ones. The present study, therefore, focuses mainly on the Parbati Stage II （800 MW） and the Parbati Stage III （520 MW） hydropower projects; both of which fall within the Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh. Based on the perception survey of the local communities, the existing land use pattern, status of total acquired land of the residents by hydropower projects, frequent natural hazards and resultant loss to the local communities due to upcoming construction of hydropower projects surrounding to the Parbati Stage II and III have been analysed in the paper. Also, the preventive measures to mitigate these adverse impacts have been suggested to strengthen these projects in eco-friendly manner in the mountain context.

Wastewater treatment performance and microbial community structure in the constructed wetland under double-pressure of low temperature and Ag NPs exposure

To investigate the effects of silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)and low temperature double-pressure on the wastewater treatment efficacy and the microbial community structure of constructed wetlands,a pilot-scale vertical flow constructed wetland was set up to treat synthetic wastewater under laboratory conditions.By measuring the effluent concentration of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),chemical oxygen demand(COD),and the diversity,richness,and community structure of microorganisms of the upper and lower soil layers in the wetland,the nutrient removal effect of the constructed wetland and the changes in the microflora of the soil layer were studied.The results reveal that the correlation coefficients between the removal rates of TN and NH_(4)^(+)-N and the temperature are 0.463 and 0.692,respectively,indicating a significant positive correlation.From the warm to the cold season,both the diversity and richness of microorganisms in the lower soil layer of wetlands are inhibited under the double-pressure of Ag NPs and low temperature,and the abundances of the denitrogenation functional bacteria such as Candidatus nitrososphaera,Sulfuritalea,Anaeromyxobacter,Candidatus solibacter,Nitrospira,and Zoogloea are altered.Low temperature and Ag NPs exposure can thus affect the wastewater treatment performance of constructed wetlands,possibly because of the seasonal changes of the microflora.

Application of High-efficient Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland in Treatment of Domestic Sewage in Residential Community

With the increase of requirement for ecological function of environment,for quality of water environment,for sewage treatment cost and for comprehensive utilization of water resources,it was bound to introduce a new type of ecological technology for pollution treatment which was low in cost,convenient in management and stable in operation.High-efficient vertical flow constructed wetland developed by Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Science was characterized by good landscape effect and high efficiency of pollutants removal,and it had been widely applied in sewa-ge treatment and recycling and in lake water circulation purification.A lot of practical results showed that this technology could achieve high removal efficiency of SS,COD,BOD5,NH4-N and TP and the removal rate had arrived at more than 80% when hydraulic loading was 0.33-0.50 m/d.Effluent quality had met the water quality standard for recycling of urban sewage.

Promoting the Growth of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica Seedlings and Improving Rhizosphere Fungal Community Structure through Interaction between Trichoderma and Ectomycorrhizal Fungi

In this study,pot experiments were conducted on the seedlings of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica to study the influence of Trichoderma(Trichoderma harzianum E15)and Ectomycorrhizal fungi(Suillus luteus N94)on the growth of these seedlings.In particular,the effects of these fungi on the fungal community structure in the rhizosphere soil of the seedlings were investigated.Inoculation with Trichoderma harzianum E15 and Suillus luteus N94 significantly(P<0.05)promoted the growth of the Pinus sylvestris seedlings.The non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)results indicated a significant difference(P<0.05)between the fungal community structures in the rhizosphere soil of the annual and biennial seedlings.In the rhizosphere soil of annual seedlings,the main fungi were Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,Zygomycota.Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,Mortierellomycota,and p-unclassified-k-Fungi were the main fungi in the rhizosphere soil of biennial seedlings.The dominant genus in the rhizosphere soil and a key factor promoting the growth of the annual and the biennial seedlings was Trichoderma,Suillus,respectively.Both of them were negatively correlated with the relative abundance of microbial flora in the symbiotic environment.Trichoderma had a significant promoting effect on the conversion of total phosphorus,total nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,and the organic matter in the rhizosphere soil of the seedlings,while Suillus significantly promoted the conversion of organic matter and total phosphorus.