Rapid urbanization and the booming of diversified community development requirements have challenged the development of community planning in China from theory to practice. Community planning, especially with localize...Rapid urbanization and the booming of diversified community development requirements have challenged the development of community planning in China from theory to practice. Community planning, especially with localized and practice-oriented characteristics, is now facing many limitations. These include aspects such as traditional urban planning techniques that mainly focus on space, a restricted research perspective, as well as basic planning theories that are mostly imported from the West. Using the perspective of socio-spatial dialectic for reference, this paper summarizes the evolution process of Chinese modern residential space planning and design from residential district planning under the planned economy system, to housing estate planning in the real estate development, and to community planning in the new era, presenting an important characteristic of transitioning from "producing space" to "production of space," with "society" gradually replacing "space" and returning to the goal of production. Based on the analysis on the main limitations and problems in the former work of community planning in China, the paper takes the practical exploration on community planning in the "New Qinghe Experiment" in Haidian District, Beijing for an example. Aimed at the prominent problem of an extreme imbalance between "urbanization of space" and "urbanization of population" in the current Qinghe area, the key objective, means, and technical path of new-type community planning are proposed, within which three significant transition features are demonstrated, including going from "need-oriented" to "capital-oriented," from "interest intervention" to "relationship intervention," and from "community construction" to "community building."展开更多
Background: The study was designed to explore and catalyze the development of action plan for adolescent substance use prevention in a rural community in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Methodology: This study adopted a two-ph...Background: The study was designed to explore and catalyze the development of action plan for adolescent substance use prevention in a rural community in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Methodology: This study adopted a two-phase multi-method design. The first phase was a quantitative assessment that determined the real-life situation of adolescents’ substance use in the community using 417 respondents. Contemporaneously, the second qualitative phase focused on the development of an action plan by community stakeholders for adolescent substance use prevention using thirty (30) participants selected through purposive sampling. The reliability of the instrument for quantitative data was established using a test re-test method and computed using Pearson moment correlation. A coefficient of 0.8 was obtained. Validity was established for both quantitative and qualitative instruments. The generated data were subjected to descriptive statistics whereas the qualitative data from respondents’ narratives were analysed thematically. Result: The data revealed that participants who have ever used substances consisted of 128 (59.5%) males and 87 (40.5%) females. The findings on the opinion of 30 participants interviewed about the consequences of substance use brought out majorly four consequences of substance use. The result of catalysing the involvement of community residents towards developing community action for adolescent substance use showed that the challenges associated with adolescents’ substance use as identified by the participants were discussed under one theme—living with the cause and three elements. Conclusion: Substance use prevention policies and plans in the local community have strong potential for stimulating local adolescent substance use prevention actions.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented worldwide shutdown,and made urban planning reflect on and discuss how to respond to public health crises.Japan’s medical system has been repeatedly rated as the world...The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented worldwide shutdown,and made urban planning reflect on and discuss how to respond to public health crises.Japan’s medical system has been repeatedly rated as the world’s number one by the World Health Organization.This paper analyzes Japan’s diversifed medical facility system,its prevention and control mechanism regarding public health emergencies,and the cultivation of social public awareness,and points out that the Japanese public health crisis response mechanism is characterized by an equal emphasis on the construction of the medical system and the cultivation of public awareness.It is proposed that an effective way to respond to daily medical needs and irregular public health security crises is to improve the community medical quality and grant administrative power to the director of public health centers,promote the"urbanization of people"with public awareness,and improve the resilience of the medical and health system.展开更多
文摘Rapid urbanization and the booming of diversified community development requirements have challenged the development of community planning in China from theory to practice. Community planning, especially with localized and practice-oriented characteristics, is now facing many limitations. These include aspects such as traditional urban planning techniques that mainly focus on space, a restricted research perspective, as well as basic planning theories that are mostly imported from the West. Using the perspective of socio-spatial dialectic for reference, this paper summarizes the evolution process of Chinese modern residential space planning and design from residential district planning under the planned economy system, to housing estate planning in the real estate development, and to community planning in the new era, presenting an important characteristic of transitioning from "producing space" to "production of space," with "society" gradually replacing "space" and returning to the goal of production. Based on the analysis on the main limitations and problems in the former work of community planning in China, the paper takes the practical exploration on community planning in the "New Qinghe Experiment" in Haidian District, Beijing for an example. Aimed at the prominent problem of an extreme imbalance between "urbanization of space" and "urbanization of population" in the current Qinghe area, the key objective, means, and technical path of new-type community planning are proposed, within which three significant transition features are demonstrated, including going from "need-oriented" to "capital-oriented," from "interest intervention" to "relationship intervention," and from "community construction" to "community building."
文摘Background: The study was designed to explore and catalyze the development of action plan for adolescent substance use prevention in a rural community in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Methodology: This study adopted a two-phase multi-method design. The first phase was a quantitative assessment that determined the real-life situation of adolescents’ substance use in the community using 417 respondents. Contemporaneously, the second qualitative phase focused on the development of an action plan by community stakeholders for adolescent substance use prevention using thirty (30) participants selected through purposive sampling. The reliability of the instrument for quantitative data was established using a test re-test method and computed using Pearson moment correlation. A coefficient of 0.8 was obtained. Validity was established for both quantitative and qualitative instruments. The generated data were subjected to descriptive statistics whereas the qualitative data from respondents’ narratives were analysed thematically. Result: The data revealed that participants who have ever used substances consisted of 128 (59.5%) males and 87 (40.5%) females. The findings on the opinion of 30 participants interviewed about the consequences of substance use brought out majorly four consequences of substance use. The result of catalysing the involvement of community residents towards developing community action for adolescent substance use showed that the challenges associated with adolescents’ substance use as identified by the participants were discussed under one theme—living with the cause and three elements. Conclusion: Substance use prevention policies and plans in the local community have strong potential for stimulating local adolescent substance use prevention actions.
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented worldwide shutdown,and made urban planning reflect on and discuss how to respond to public health crises.Japan’s medical system has been repeatedly rated as the world’s number one by the World Health Organization.This paper analyzes Japan’s diversifed medical facility system,its prevention and control mechanism regarding public health emergencies,and the cultivation of social public awareness,and points out that the Japanese public health crisis response mechanism is characterized by an equal emphasis on the construction of the medical system and the cultivation of public awareness.It is proposed that an effective way to respond to daily medical needs and irregular public health security crises is to improve the community medical quality and grant administrative power to the director of public health centers,promote the"urbanization of people"with public awareness,and improve the resilience of the medical and health system.
