Equivalence can be said to be the central issue in translation although its different approaches have caused heated controversy.However,as early as the 1970s,the Skopostheorie emerged in Germany,and it seemed to chall...Equivalence can be said to be the central issue in translation although its different approaches have caused heated controversy.However,as early as the 1970s,the Skopostheorie emerged in Germany,and it seemed to challenge the equivalence theories.Although Nida and some linguistics raised some negative problems of this theory,it still rapidly became famous around the world,This article will mainly compare and analyse Skopostheorie and Baker's translation equivalence approach.First,it will give a simple overview of these two approaches.Second,it will discuss the relevant strengths and weaknesses of these two approaches in relation to their usage.Finally,it will discuss combining these two approaches in the same translation.展开更多
AIMTo describe the development and validation of a novel neuronavigation-based method, which allows the quan-tification of the anatomical features that define anapproach, as well as real-time visualization of the surg...AIMTo describe the development and validation of a novel neuronavigation-based method, which allows the quan-tification of the anatomical features that define anapproach, as well as real-time visualization of the surgicapyramid. METHODSThe method was initially developed with commercially-available hardware for coordinate collection （a digitizerand a frameless navigation system） and software forvolume rendering; dedicated neuronavigation software （ApproachViewer, part of GTx-UHN） was then developed. The accuracy of measurements and the possibility of volumetric rendering of surgical approaches simulated in a phantom were compared among three different methods and commercially-available radiological software. In the anatomy laboratory, ApproachViewer was applied to the comparative quantitative analysis of multiple neurosurgical approaches and was used by many surgeons who were untrained for the research method.RESULTSThe accuracy of ApproachViewer is comparable to com-mercially-available radiological software. In the anatomy laboratory, the method appears versatile. The system can be easily used after brief training. ApproachViewer allows for real-time evaluation and comparison of surgical approaches, as well as post-dissection analyses of collected data. The accuracy of the method depends on the navigation registration： with a 1-2 mm registration error, it is adequate for evaluation and comparison of most neurosurgical approaches.CONCLUSIONThis new research method and software allows semi-automated visualization, quantifcation, and comparison of neurosurgical approaches in the anatomy laboratory.展开更多
This study compared the different approaches of introducing the subjunctive mood in Advanced English Grammar and Grammar Dimensions in the hope that it will help ESL teachers to make choice of the proper ways of teach...This study compared the different approaches of introducing the subjunctive mood in Advanced English Grammar and Grammar Dimensions in the hope that it will help ESL teachers to make choice of the proper ways of teaching the subjunctive mood,one of the most serious grammatical problems ever encountered by most ESL learners in China.Also,the main causes of the students’drawbacks in learning subjunctive mood are excavated and some feasible solutions in mastering this difficult item in English grammar are presented in this study.展开更多
展示了用于比幅法测向的自研低成本软件定义无线电(software defined radio, SDR)系统,同时针对比幅法测向精度较低的问题,探讨了用来提升测向精度的神经网络,并重点验证了神经网络对自研系统接收信号的测向精度的提升程度.实验验证表明...展示了用于比幅法测向的自研低成本软件定义无线电(software defined radio, SDR)系统,同时针对比幅法测向精度较低的问题,探讨了用来提升测向精度的神经网络,并重点验证了神经网络对自研系统接收信号的测向精度的提升程度.实验验证表明,对于自研系统接收信号在神经网络优化后的测向精度相较于直接通过比辐法解算接收信号的测向精度普遍有提高,其中性能最好的优化算法测向精度提高了近10%.因此,低成本硬件平台与神经网络形成了低成本且高精度的测向定位解决方案.展开更多
基于高分辨率图像对比法,利用同一卫星平台上空间分辨率19.5m的CCD相机图像对CBERS-02B卫星上空间分辨率为258m的WFI成像仪图像进行在轨MTF(modulate transfer function)测量,获得WFI(wide field imager)相机沿轨、跨轨与45o方向的MTF曲...基于高分辨率图像对比法,利用同一卫星平台上空间分辨率19.5m的CCD相机图像对CBERS-02B卫星上空间分辨率为258m的WFI成像仪图像进行在轨MTF(modulate transfer function)测量,获得WFI(wide field imager)相机沿轨、跨轨与45o方向的MTF曲线,并计算出3个方向的线扩展函数LSF(line spread function),获得3个方向的有效半带宽。结果表明WFI相机红波段跨轨、沿轨与45o方向的有效半带宽,即有效瞬时视场,分别为1.188,1.165与1.281个像元,近红外波段为1.258,1.195与1.326个像元。基于获得的MTF,利用维纳滤波法对WFI图像进行补偿,部分恢复了WFI图像的细部信息。展开更多
文摘Equivalence can be said to be the central issue in translation although its different approaches have caused heated controversy.However,as early as the 1970s,the Skopostheorie emerged in Germany,and it seemed to challenge the equivalence theories.Although Nida and some linguistics raised some negative problems of this theory,it still rapidly became famous around the world,This article will mainly compare and analyse Skopostheorie and Baker's translation equivalence approach.First,it will give a simple overview of these two approaches.Second,it will discuss the relevant strengths and weaknesses of these two approaches in relation to their usage.Finally,it will discuss combining these two approaches in the same translation.
基金Supported by Fondazione"Giuseppe Alazio",via Torquato Tasso,22,90144 Palermo,Italy(to Doglietto F)
文摘AIMTo describe the development and validation of a novel neuronavigation-based method, which allows the quan-tification of the anatomical features that define anapproach, as well as real-time visualization of the surgicapyramid. METHODSThe method was initially developed with commercially-available hardware for coordinate collection （a digitizerand a frameless navigation system） and software forvolume rendering; dedicated neuronavigation software （ApproachViewer, part of GTx-UHN） was then developed. The accuracy of measurements and the possibility of volumetric rendering of surgical approaches simulated in a phantom were compared among three different methods and commercially-available radiological software. In the anatomy laboratory, ApproachViewer was applied to the comparative quantitative analysis of multiple neurosurgical approaches and was used by many surgeons who were untrained for the research method.RESULTSThe accuracy of ApproachViewer is comparable to com-mercially-available radiological software. In the anatomy laboratory, the method appears versatile. The system can be easily used after brief training. ApproachViewer allows for real-time evaluation and comparison of surgical approaches, as well as post-dissection analyses of collected data. The accuracy of the method depends on the navigation registration： with a 1-2 mm registration error, it is adequate for evaluation and comparison of most neurosurgical approaches.CONCLUSIONThis new research method and software allows semi-automated visualization, quantifcation, and comparison of neurosurgical approaches in the anatomy laboratory.
文摘This study compared the different approaches of introducing the subjunctive mood in Advanced English Grammar and Grammar Dimensions in the hope that it will help ESL teachers to make choice of the proper ways of teaching the subjunctive mood,one of the most serious grammatical problems ever encountered by most ESL learners in China.Also,the main causes of the students’drawbacks in learning subjunctive mood are excavated and some feasible solutions in mastering this difficult item in English grammar are presented in this study.
文摘展示了用于比幅法测向的自研低成本软件定义无线电(software defined radio, SDR)系统,同时针对比幅法测向精度较低的问题,探讨了用来提升测向精度的神经网络,并重点验证了神经网络对自研系统接收信号的测向精度的提升程度.实验验证表明,对于自研系统接收信号在神经网络优化后的测向精度相较于直接通过比辐法解算接收信号的测向精度普遍有提高,其中性能最好的优化算法测向精度提高了近10%.因此,低成本硬件平台与神经网络形成了低成本且高精度的测向定位解决方案.
文摘基于高分辨率图像对比法,利用同一卫星平台上空间分辨率19.5m的CCD相机图像对CBERS-02B卫星上空间分辨率为258m的WFI成像仪图像进行在轨MTF(modulate transfer function)测量,获得WFI(wide field imager)相机沿轨、跨轨与45o方向的MTF曲线,并计算出3个方向的线扩展函数LSF(line spread function),获得3个方向的有效半带宽。结果表明WFI相机红波段跨轨、沿轨与45o方向的有效半带宽,即有效瞬时视场,分别为1.188,1.165与1.281个像元,近红外波段为1.258,1.195与1.326个像元。基于获得的MTF,利用维纳滤波法对WFI图像进行补偿,部分恢复了WFI图像的细部信息。
