Competitive Chinese Chemical Products

In the early days after the founding of New China, there were only some poorly equipped small chemical factories in the cities of Shanghai, Shenyang. Dalian, Nanjing and Tianjin across the country, with a total output value of RMB 170 million. Now, 45 years later, the chemical industry boasts 23 branches. 40, 000 kinds of products, a total output value of RMB 330 billion and a total import and export volume of RMB 20 billion, according to Gu Xiulian, Minister of Chemical Industry in a speech at the ’94 Beijing International

OPTIMIZING PRODUCT MIX AND BOOSTING COMPETITIVE POWER

Since the decision of the State Council in 1985 on expanding the export of electromechanical products, China’s exports of electrome-chanical products has freed itself from long fluctuation and realized fast growth. According to statistics from the Customs Office, China’s exports of electro-mechanical products in 1995 reached US$43.86 billion, increasing 25 times in 10 years, and becoming China’s first pillar products for export. While achieving fast growth in exports, product mix has also seen sig-

Research on the impact of financial slack to product competition ——Based on the growth perspective of real estate enterprises

This article is based on growth, financial multidimensional perspective of redundancy and product market competition, focus on growth as a key variable, to explore the growth of financial redundancy and product market competition. The data of 326 real estate companies were selected for empirical analysis. The research finds that the financial redundancy promotes competition in the product market, and the relationship between the growth of the enterprise growth and the competition between the financial redundancy and the competition of the product market.

Effect of Optimization of Agricultural Supply-side Factors on Characteristic Modern Agriculture--A Case Study of Chu Orange Manor

The structural imbalance of supply and demand of agricultural products is the result of agricultural products overemphasizing quantitative growth and neglecting quality improvement. The structural reform of agricultural supply side is to optimize the allocation of agricultural production factors,improve the quality and efficiency of supply,and meet the quality needs of consumers. The optimization of agricultural supply factors is the result of effective supply,rational allocation and comprehensive utilization of natural resources and social resources. The success of Chu Orange Manor has explained the function of the optimization of supply factors to the development of characteristic agriculture. That is,it has promoted the development of high-end agriculture,promoted the brand value of agricultural products,promoted the competitiveness of agriculture,broken the international green trade barrier of agricultural products,promoted the development of modern agriculture with characteristics,and realized the sustainable development of rural areas.

The Association Between Corporate Governance Mechanisms and Stock Investment Risk： Empirical Evidence From Thailand

This study examines the association between corporate governance mechanisms （i.e., internal corporate governance, ownership structure, and external corporate govemance） and stock investment risk （i.e., idiosyncratic risk, systematic risk, and total risk of non-financial listed firms in Thailand in 2007）. The multiple regression analysis is employed to test the hypotheses, and the results suggest that firms with higher market power have lower systematic risk. It implies that firms with higher market power can reduce the unavoidable risk when compared with firms that have lower market power. Firms with more media coverage will have higher systematic risk, which indicates that firms which publish more news will have higher unavoidable risk. This research may be the first to provide the evidence of the association between corporate govemance mechanisms and stock investment risk. Interestingly still, this study has utilized the data of Thailand, which is an emerging market economy with a capital market structure different from those of the developed market economies, and the results of this study are anticipated to be applicable to other similar studies in other emerging market economies.

Product market competition,ultimate controlling structure and related party transactions

Previous studies have shown that product market competition has an important effect on corporate strategies and internal governance mechanisms. Using a sample of China's listed firms from 2004 to 2009, we explore the relationship between product market competition and normal related party transactions and find a significant positive relationship. In addition, we investigate the substitutive effect of product market competition and the cash flow rights owned by ultimate controlling shareholders on the extent of normal related party transactions. In particular, our results suggest a positive relationship between the ultimate controlling shareholders' cash flow rights and normal related party transactions that is strongest in noncompetitive industries and weakens as product market competition increases.

Product Market Competition and Innovation： What Can We Learn from Economic Theory？

By means of a literature review, this paper strives to provide some clarity on the much-debated relationship between product market competition and firms＇ incentives to innovate. It shows that in the literature there does not exist a robust relationship between competition and incentives to innovate. Therefore, it would be futile to continue the debate over whether competition stimulates or hinders innovation. A more useful approach is to make a distinction between pre-innovation competition and post-innovation competition, as it provides a way for reconciling many of the seemingly contradictory findings from the literature. Another important insight from the literature is that the relationship between competition and innovation depends on the source of increased competition.

Product market competition and the disclosure of supply chain information

We investigate how product market competition affects corporate voluntary disclosure decisions,specifically regarding supply-chain information.Our results,based on a sample of manufacturing companies listed in China from 2010 to 2016,show that companies in more competitive industries disclose less customer/supplier information.The main results stand through several robustness tests.Further analyses show that the negative relationship between product market competitiveness and supply-chain information disclosure is stronger when the disclosure contains more incremental information and when competitors are more capable of gaining competitive advantage using the disclosed information.Our study contributes to the understanding of both the relationship between product market competition and voluntary disclosure decisions and the regulation of information disclosure to build a transparent capital market.