Complex Behaviors of a Simple Traffic Model

In this paper, we propose a modified traffic model in which a single car moves through a sequence of traffic lights controlled by a step function instead of a sine function. In contrast to the previous work [Phys. Rev. E 70 （2004） 016107], we have investigated in detail the dependence of the behavior on four parameters, ω,α,η and α1, and given three kinds of bifurcation diagrams, which show three kinds of complex behaviors. We have found that in this model there are chaotic and complex periodic motions, as well as special singularities. We have also analyzed the characteristic of the complex period motion and the essential feature of the singularity.

Complex Precipitation Mechanism of Ti-Nb-V Microalloyed Bainitic Base High Strength Steel

The addition of high Ti（>0.1%） in microalloyed bainitic high strength steel was designed, and the precipitation morphology of steels with different Ti, Nb, and V contents was studied by utilizing transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. Based on the classical nucleation-crystal growth theory and the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation, the precipitation thermodynamic and kinetic model of second phase particles in austenite was established in the form of（Nbx,Vy,Tiz）C, and the complex precipitation mechanism of second phase particles was emphatically studied. The experimental results show that the complex precipitation particles could be divided into two categories: the coarser particles with about 100 nm grain size and the independent complex precipitation particles in the form of（Nb,V,Ti）C with 35-50 nm grain size. The latter has a better precipitation strengthening effect, and the calculated PTT curve shows a typical "C" shape. When the deformed storage energy is 3 820 J?mol-1, the fastest precipitation temperature of calculated PTT curve is 925 °C, and the calculated result is essentially consistent with experimental values. The increase of Ti content increased the nose point temperature and expanded the range of fastest precipitation temperature.

Stability constants of Sb^5+with Cl−and thermodynamics of Sb−S−Cl−H2O system involving complex behavior of Sb with Cl

The stability constants of Sb^5+with Cl−as well as thermodynamics of the Sb−S−Cl−H2O system were calculated.The stability constants of Sb5+with Cl−were obtained by theoretical calculations of the absorbance of a Sb5+-containing solution at different Cl^−concentrations,which was detected by spectrophotometric analysis at certain wavelengths of light(380 nm).The logarithmic values versus 10 of stability constants of Sb^5+with Cl−were 1.795,3.150,4.191,4.955,5.427 and 5.511,respectively,and partly filled the data gaps in the hydrometallurgy of antimony.The presence and distribution of pentavalent antimony compounds under different conditions were analyzed based on equilibrium calculations.Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were performed for Sb−S−Cl−H2O system,which included the complex behavior of Sb with Cl,and the equilibrium equations of related reactions in this system were integrated into the potential−pH diagram.

ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF FERROIN IN IMPROVED PEO-LICLO_4 COMPLEX

Solid-state cyclic voltammetry was used to study electrochemical behavior of ferroin, which indicates that ferroin performs a reversible redox process in the improved PEO-LiClO_4 complex.An activation energy of ca.6.0 Kcal/mol for ferroin diffusion was evaluated from temperature dependence of diffusion coefficient.

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Magnetic Behavior of a Novel Cd(Ⅱ) Complex with Four Nitroxide Radicals

A novel diamagnetic-metal Cd（Ⅱ） complex with four nitroxide radicals[Cd（IM4Py）4Cl2]（IM4Py=2-（4＇-pyridinyl）-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl） was synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses,IR spectra,UV-Vis spectra and X-ray single crystal diffraction.The complex crystallized in triclinic space group P1 with a=0.93285（14） nm,b=1.16827（18） nm,c=1.3660（2） nm,α=112.759（2）°,β=104.524（2）°,γ=92.008（3）°,V= 1.3143（3） nm3,Z=1,Dc=1.335 g/cm3,the final R1=0.0423 and wR2=0.1009.In the title complex,each Cd（Ⅱ） ion adopting a distorted octahedral geometry is coordinated by two Cl-anions and four pyridyl-N atoms from four IM4Py ligands.The magnetic measurements show the weak antiferromagnetic interactions between the nitroxide radicals.

STUDISS ON HETERO-MACROCYULIC POLYETHER(Ⅲ).THE SYNTHESES OF 10-TELLURABENZO-15-CROWN-5 AND ITS PLATINUM COMPLEX AS WELL AS ITS CATALYTIC BEHAVIOR IN HYDROSILYLATION

The syntheses of a new type of heteromacrocyclic polyether- 2,3-benzo-1,4,7,13-tetraoxa-10-telluracyclopentadeca-2-ene(L),and its pla- tinum complex(PtL_2Cl_2)were described.The catalytic activity of this complex for the hydrosilylation of olefins by triethoxysilane was investigated.

An In-Depth Study of Complex Power System Dynamic Behavior Characteristics for Chinese UHV Power Grid Security

In this paper,a series of major policy decisions used to improve the power grid reliability,reduce the risk and losses of major power outages,and realize the modernization of 21st century power grid are discussed. These decisions were adopted by American government and would also be helpful for the strategic development of Chinese power grid. It is proposed that China should take precaution,carry out security research on the overall dynamic behaviour characteristics of the UHV grid using the complexity theory,and finally provide safeguard for the Chinese UHV grid. It is also pointed out that,due to the lack of matured approaches to controll a cascading failure,the primary duty of a system operator is to work as a "watchdog" for the grid operation security,eliminate the cumulative effect and reduce the risk and losses of major cascading outages with the help of EMS and WAMS.

STUDIES ON HETERO-MACROCYCLIC POLYETHER (Ⅱ). THE SYNTHESIS OF PLATINUM COMPLEX OF 10-SELENABENZO-15-CROWN-5 AND ITS CATALYTIC BEHAVIOR IN HYDROSILYLATION

The title complex (PtL_2Cl_2) was synthesized by reacting 10-selenabenzo-15-crown-5 (L) with potassium chloroplatinite. Its catalytic activity for the hydrosilylation of olefins by triethoxysilane, was investi gated.

Drosophila melanogaster as an indispensable model to decipher the mode of action of neurotoxic compounds

Exposure to some toxic compounds causes structural and behavioral anomalies associated with the neurons in the later stage of life.Those toxic compounds are termed as a neurotoxicant,which can be a physical factor,a toxin,an infection,radiation,or maybe a drug.The incongruities caused due to a neurotoxicant further depend on the toxicity of the compound.More importantly,the neurotoxicity of the compound is associated with the concentration and the time point of exposure.The neurodevelopmental defect appears depending on the toxicity of the compound.A neurodevelopmental defect may be associated with a delay in developmental time,defective growth,structural abnormality of many organs,including sensory organs,behavioral abnormalities,or death in the fetus stage.Numerous model organisms are employed to assess the effect of neurotoxicants.The current review summarizes several methods used to check the effect of neurotoxicant and their effect using the model organism Drosophila melanogaster.

Numerical Simulation of the Fractional-Order Lorenz Chaotic Systems with Caputo Fractional Derivative

Although some numerical methods of the fractional-order chaotic systems have been announced,high-precision numerical methods have always been the direction that researchers strive to pursue.Based on this problem,this paper introduces a high-precision numerical approach.Some complex dynamic behavior of fractional-order Lorenz chaotic systems are shown by using the present method.We observe some novel dynamic behavior in numerical experiments which are unlike any that have been previously discovered in numerical experiments or theoretical studies.We investigate the influence of α_(1),α_(2),α_(3) on the numerical solution of fractional-order Lorenz chaotic systems.The simulation results of integer order are in good agreement with those of othermethods.The simulation results of numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the present method.

Analysis and Predictability of Dry Spell Lengths Observed in Synoptic Stations of Benin Republic (West Africa)

The complex behavior and predictability of the Dry Spell Lengths (DSL) series obtained in Benin synoptic stations, from 1951 to 2010 are analyzed in this paper using a fractal approach. The synoptic stations are located in Cotonou, Bohicon, Save (subequatorial climate), and Parakou, Natitingou, Kandi (Sudanian climate). The DSLs are computed by considering four thresholds level, R0 = {1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 5.0} mm/day. The fractal trace is estimated for dry spell density by the mean of the “Dry Spell Spell” (DSS) n-index. The rescaled range method is used to determine the predictability of DSL. By analyzing the DSS, results show that low DSS n-index values (n-index < 0.4) are more favored in the northern part of Benin than in the southern region, whereas, high values of DSS n-index (n-index > 0.4) occur preferentially in the southern part. Therefore, during 1951-2010, the Sudanian region presents frequent wet spells, alternated with short dry spells than in the subequatorial one. However, a high degree of long dry spell persistence, followed by short dry events is observed in the subequatorial region than in the Sudanian one. The longest DSL is observed in the subequatorial region, especially in Cotonou. Except for the Kandi station, the DSLs series obtained at synoptic stations are characterized by persistence. Therefore, autoregressive processes could be applied to the DSL series. Generally, the physical process governing dry spells observed at Save, Natitingou, and Bohicon are consistently predictable than the process governing the stations of the Cotonou and Parakou. However, at Kandi station, the DSL process approximates the usual Brownian motion, and it is, therefore, unpredictable or difficult to predict.

Crystal Structure and Host-Guest Binding Ability of Three Types of Pillar[5]arenes

A systematic research of the structural characterization and the host-guest binding abilities between three types of pillar[5]arenes 3-5(3 for Structure Type I,4 for Structure Type II and 5 for Structure Type III)is carried out by 1H NMR measurements and X-ray study.The results show that the configurations or symmetry of their cavities not only have large difference in these three types of pillar[5]arenes,but also have more or less variations even in the same structure type or the same host locked different guests such as crystals of 3a-3b,4a-4d.On the other hand,the complexation behavior of pillar[5]arenes with 1,4-dibromobutane(DBB)is affected by the different symmetri-cal structure or substituents on the rings.

BIFURCATION ANALYSIS IN A GENERALIZED FRICTION MODEL WITH TIME-DELAYED FEEDBACK

In this paper, we consider a generalized model of the two friction models, both of which have two different types of control forces with time-delayed feedback proposed by Ashesh Sara et al. By taking the time delay as the bifurcation parameter, we discuss the local stability of the Hopf bifurcations. Under some condition, the generalized model harbors a phenomenon that the equilibrium may undergo finite switches from stability to instability to stability and finally become unstable. By applying the method introduced by Faria and Magalhaes, we compute the normal form on the center manifold to determine the direction and stability of the Hopf bifurcations. Numerical simulations are carried out and more than one periodic solutions may exist according to the bifurcation diagram given by BIFTOOL. Finally a brief conclusion is presented.