Complex task planning method of space-aeronautics cooperative observation based on multi-layer interaction

With the new development trend of multi-resource coordinated Earth observation and the new goal of Earth observation application of“short response time,high observation accuracy,and wide coverage”,space-aeronautics cooperative complex task planning problem has become an urgent problem to be solved.The focus of this problem is to use multiple resources to perform collaborative observations on complex tasks.By analyzing the process from task assignment to receiving task observation results,we propose a multi-layer interactive task planning framework which is composed of a preprocessing method for complex tasks,a task allocation layer,a task planning layer,and a task coordination layer.According to the characteristics of the framework,a hybrid genetic parallel tabu(HGPT)algorithm is proposed on this basis.The algorithm uses genetic annealing algorithm(GAA),parallel tabu(PT)algorithm,and heuristic rules to achieve task allocation,task planning,and task coordination.At the same time,coding improvements,operator design,annealing operations,and parallel calculations are added to the algorithm.In order to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm,simulation experiments under complex task scenarios of different scales are carried out.Experimental results show that this method can effectively solve the problems of observing complex tasks.Meanwhile,the optimization effect and convergence speed of the HGPT is better than that of the related algorithms.

The Interplay of Task Complexity(±Here-and-Now)and Students’Proficiency in the Written Narratives in English as a Foreign Language

Task-Based Language Teaching has witnessed growing interest in the impact of task complexity on Second language(L2)learners’linguistic performance.Within this field,the influence of resource-directing and resource-dispersing features of cognitive task complexity has attracted much attention.Research on task complexity focuses on the influence of different task features on language learners’production in terms of linguistic complexity,accuracy,fluency and lexis.Within this field,a line of investigation that has attracted much attention is the influence of resource-directing and resource-dispersing features of cognitive task complexity.The review is helpful for better understanding of task complexity and allows to draw some preliminary pedagogical implications that may be useful for task-based syllabus design.

The Impact of Storyline Complexity on L2 Learners’Written Performance

Task-based Language Teaching(TBLT)research has provided ample evidence that cognitive complexity is an important aspect of task design that influences learner’s performance in terms of fluency,accuracy,and syntactic complexity.Despite the substantial number of empirical investigations into task complexity in journal articles,storyline complexity,one of the features of it,is scarcely investigated.Previous research mainly focused on the impact of storyline complexity on learners’oral performance,but the impact on learners’written performance is less investigated.Thus,this study aims at investigating the effects of narrative complexity of storyline on senior high school students’written performance,as displayed by its complexity,fluency,and accuracy.The present study has important pedagogical implications.That is,task design and assessment should make a distinction between different types of narrative tasks.For example,the task with single or dual storyline.Results on task complexity may contribute to informing the pedagogical choices made by teachers when prioritizing work with a specific linguistic dimension.

A kind of biomimetic control method to anthropomorphize a redundant manipulator for complex tasks

It is an urgent problem for robots to operate complex tasks with some unknown motion mechanisms caused by the strong coupling of force and motion. However, humans can perform complex tasks well due to their natural evolution and postnatal training. A novel biomimetic control method based on a human motion mechanism with high movement adaptability is proposed in this paper. The core is to present a novel variable-parameter compliance controller based on human operation mechanisms with an action-planning method derived from optimization by human motion, and the main contribution is to change the parameters of compliance controller according to human operating intention synchronized with humanoid motion;this change could establish a humanoid map between the force and motion for a seven degree-of-freedom redundant manipulator to deal with the unknown motion mechanism in complex tasks, so the redundant manipulator can operate complex tasks with high performance. Sufficient experiments were performed, and the results validated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Cooperative formation control of multiple aerial vehicles based on guidance route in a complex task environment

In recent years,formation control of multi-agent has been a significant research subject in the field of cooperative control.However,previous works have mainly concentrated on formation control for simple point-mass model and linear model.In contrast,this paper presents a novel cooperative algorithm for multiple air vehicles formation control,which aims to devise a control strategy based on guidance route to achieve precisely coordinated formation control for a group of fixed-wing aircraft in a complex task environment.The proposed method introduces the leader-follower structure for effective organization of the multi-agent coordination.Moreover,the Partial Integrated Formation and Control(PIFC)is adopted to design the control law for Guidance-Route based Formation Control(GRFC).Additionally,the proposed approach designs two guidance-route generation strategies for two special situations to demonstrate the effectiveness of GRFC in complex task environments.Theoretical analysis reveals that the proposed control protocol for guidance command can ensure the overall stability and tracking accuracy of the system.Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the theoretical results,and verify that the proposed approach can achieve coordinated formation control precisely in a complex task environment.

A Multi-granularity Decomposition Mechanism of Complex Tasks Based on Density Peaks

There are many algorithms for solving complex problems in supervised manner. However, unsupervised tasks are more common in real scenarios. Inspired by the idea of granular computing and the characteristics of human cognitive process, this paper proposes a complex tasks decomposition mechanism based on Density Peaks Clustering(DPC) to address complex tasks with an unsupervised process, which simulates the multi-granular observation and analysis of human being. Firstly, the DPC algorithm is modified to nullify its essential defects such as the difficulty of locating correct clustering centers and classifying them accurately. Then, the improved DPC algorithm is used to construct the initial decomposition solving space with multi-granularity theory. We also define subtask centers set and the granulation rules to guide the multi-granularity decomposing procedure. These rules are further used to decompose the solving space from coarse granules to the optimal fine granules with a convergent and automated process. Furthermore, comprehensive experiments are presented to verify the applicability and veracity of our proposed method in community-detection tasks with several benchmark complex social networks.The results show that our method outperforms other four state-of-the-art approaches.

差错管理文化对新生代员工创新性前摄行为的影响--基于三项交互的调节效应模型

采用社会认知理论与主动动机模型,基于“环境—认知—行为”分析框架,引入工作繁荣因素,探讨差错管理文化与新生代员工创新性前摄行为间的内在作用机理,并结合任务复杂性和促进型调节焦点,构建三者交互模型,揭示差错管理文化影响新生代员工创新性前摄行为的边界条件。通过对766名新生代员工数据的实证分析,研究结果表明:工作繁荣部分中介差错管理文化与新生代员工创新性前摄行为间的正相关关系;当工作任务具有较高复杂性并且员工具有促进型调节焦点特质时,差错管理文化通过工作繁荣对新生代员工创新性前摄行为的正向影响最显著,差错管理文化、任务复杂性与促进型调节焦点三者间的交互作用显著。

基于多种群遗传算法的航天复杂系统测试任务调度

针对航天复杂系统型号较多,传统测试流程与调度设计只能人工定制化排布,效率较低且未有效优化,同时,考虑到航天复杂系统快速测试的迫切需求,提出一种基于多目标遗传算法的航天测试流程自动生成方法。该方法在测试项集合明确的前提下,将测试项抽象为离散事件,以测试总时间和测试资源均衡度为优化目标,充分考虑航天器测试的诸多约束,将其作为遗传算法执行过程中交叉或变异的禁忌项。在初始种群确定后,对测试流程和调度方案进行自动生成和优化。对算例的仿真结果表明,该方法相对于同实验条件下的传统半串行测试方法和单目标优化方法,测试总时间或资源均衡度得到了较大提升。在进一步扩展优化目标和约束项后,该方法可有效提高航天复杂系统测试过程的快速响应能力和可靠性。

任务复杂度对二语学习者互动任务投入的影响研究

本研究考察了40名中国英语学习者在不同复杂度的互动任务中投入程度的异同,并分析了影响其任务投入的主要因素。研究发现主要有三方面。(1)任务复杂度对学习者投入具有显著影响,但不同维度的任务投入受复杂度的影响不一。复杂任务促使学生产出更多话轮,更频繁地为同伴提供反馈和帮助,催生更多的积极情绪;而简单任务则促使学生使用更多自我修正,平均每个话轮投入更多时长、产出更大单词量。(2)学习者投入是一个复杂的状态与过程,其子维度之间存在矛盾关系。(3)访谈验证了学习者对任务存在认知参与、社会关联、情绪体验和行为沉浸层面的投入,并揭示了具体的影响因素。

战时维修任务动态抢占式调度方法研究

针对战时复杂约束下的装备维修任务和维修资源之间的矛盾,在充分考虑维修地点、维修装备重要度、维修资源、维修效率和维修时间等约束的前提下,提出了战时维修任务动态调度模型。为平衡维修资源与维修任务,提高任务成功率,结合战时需求提出相应的维修任务抢占策略,采用改进枚举法对抢占式调度模型进行求解。最后结合示例,对该调度模型的应用进行了验证,证明了该模型及算法的有效性。

技术复杂性与信息技术知识普及对任务绩效的影响机制:一个有调节的中介模型

数字化技术的发展改变了员工的办公环境,在提高办公效率的同时也可能产生技术压力等负面影响。本研究以多个中小高科技企业的443名中基层员工为研究对象,基于工作要求—资源理论,构建了一个有调节的中介模型,针对性地探讨了技术压力来源因素中的技术复杂性和技术压力抑制因素中的信息技术知识普及如何对任务绩效产生影响,并探索了多个边界条件。实证研究结果表明,一方面,工作倦怠在技术复杂性和任务绩效之间起到中介作用,且技术自我效能感和信息技术知识普及分别负向调节该中介效应;另一方面,工作投入在信息技术知识普及和任务绩效之间也起到中介作用,且技术自我效能感和技术复杂性分别正向调节该中介效应。本研究从组织和员工的双重角度探索了技术复杂性及其针对性缓解策略对任务绩效的抑制与强化机制,揭示了数字化办公情境下员工所面临技术复杂性的影响机制和应对办法,为技术压力挑战下的员工绩效改善提供有益启示。

基于逆强化学习与行为树的机械臂复杂操作技能学习方法

现有分层强化学习方法不仅在学习过程中存在样本效率低、奖励稀疏以及学习时间过长等问题,而且大多基于仿真环境,导致学习策略在机器人真实操作环境中部署困难。针对上述问题,提出一种基于逆强化学习与行为树的机械臂复杂操作技能学习方法。在对复杂操作任务进行分割的基础上,首先,根据专家演示轨迹确定分割后每个子任务的强化学习参数及其对应的专家策略;其次,根据子任务专家策略并使用生成对抗模仿学习算法进行预训练,得到每个子任务的奖励函数;再次,运用每个子任务的奖励函数并基于SAC算法做进一步训练,获取到每个子任务的最优策略;最后,将子任务最优策略从仿真环境部署到真实环境,并将部署后的每个子任务作为叶节点构建行为树,实现机械臂复杂任务规划。实验结果表明,所提方法能较好地学习机械臂复杂操作技能,并在性能上优于其他传统强化学习算法。

基于复杂网络分析的晚期汉英双语者心理词库结构探究

本研究结合语义流畅任务和复杂网络分析,探索晚期汉英双语者的双语词库结构,通过构建词汇关联网络、计算网络参数(网络节点数、边数、平均度、平均聚类系数、平均最短路径、小世界属性参数和模块化参数)和生成网络可视化图,考察词库结构的特征与差异。结果发现:①双语词库具有小世界属性和模块化属性;②L1词汇网络比L2词汇网络结构更为优化,这与被试的L2使用频次和习得年龄相关;③词汇网络节点的组织方式在一定程度上支持激活扩散模型。本文据此为中国英语词汇教学提出相关建议:顺应学习者心理词库结构的发展趋势,采用L2词汇与图片或实物直接相连的教学方法,以促进L2词库结构的动态发展。

数学概率问题解决学习中的测试效应及有效促进

研究通过3个实验,探讨了材料复杂度对数学概率问题解决中测试效应的影响,并在此基础上,进一步考察提取方式对学习者运用提取练习策略解决复杂概率问题的作用效果。结果发现:(1)相比于重学,通过提取练习策略学习简单数学概率问题时的后测成绩更佳,出现测试效应。在学习复杂数学概率问题时,通过提取练习和重学的后测成绩差异不显著,未出现测试效应;(2)相比于重学和自由回忆提取练习,通过线索提取学习复杂数学概率问题的后测成绩更高;(3)相比于重学和无反馈的自由回忆提取练习,通过加入反馈的自由回忆提取练习学习复杂数学概率问题的后测成绩更好。该结果表明,材料难度影响学习者运用提取练习策略学习问题解决任务的效果,并且线索提取练习方式和提供反馈的自由回忆提取练习方式均能有效促进学生学习复杂概率问题解决任务的效果。

动态系统理论视角下任务复杂度对二语书面语产出的影响研究

文章以动态系统理论为视角,选取《中国学生英语口笔语语料库(2.0版)》中的书面语语料库,采纳计量语言学中的四个词汇计量指标对不同任务复杂度下的书面语词汇产出进行分析。研究发现:任务复杂度的变化会引起词汇计量指标的变化,而计量指标内部之间、计量指标同任务复杂度之间紧密相关。研究表明,书面语词汇子系统内的各要素之间相互影响,整个词汇子系统与外部环境相互作用与适应,形成一个稳定的整体。

TASK-1在大鼠脑干呼吸中枢的表达研究

采用原位杂交法检测SD大鼠脑干呼吸相关核团TASK-1 mRNA的表达,探讨TASK-1在SD大鼠呼吸中枢化学感受器的表达。结果显示,在中枢化学感受器PBC和疑核均存在TASK-1 mRNA阳性表达的细胞。这说明,TASK-1可能作为一种化学感受分子参与呼吸中枢的调控过程。

Assessment of a Task-based Language Lesson:How to Give Suggestions

As a significant issue of a task-based language lesson,it is raised repeatedly is that how to connect a task with some real-world activities.As Long(1985) states that tasks should involve activities that occur in daily life.When international students came to foreign countries at first,they probably have substantial academic and living difficulties.It is of practical value to provide suggestions to international students and make them to help others.Therefore,following situational authenticity(Ellis,2009),the writer selected‘how to give suggestions' as the lesson topic.According to the criteria of Common European Framework,targeted international students understand appropriate input about familiar activities,meanwhile,describe and provide personal experience,some interpretations and reasons for personal decisions.According to Dunbar(1992) suggests that working in pair is more interactive than other grouping,while four-member grouping achieves high level of efficiency.Therefore,the lesson involved eight students for the purpose of dividing them into pair work and group cooperation.With regard to goals of the lesson,there are two aspects: 1) grammatical target: students can provide advice and suggestions in eight structures,for instance,shall we...,let us...,what about...,would you like...,why not...,had better...,will you please...and do not...2) communicative target: students can enhance fluency and accuracy of speaking.

基于场独立/场依存认知风格的消费者信息搜寻效率研究

[目的/意义]探究认知风格对消费者网购信息搜寻效率的影响,为电子商务网站信息搜寻系统的个性化设计与优化提供借鉴。[方法/过程]运用E-prime软件和眼动设备开展两组复杂度不同的实验,对眼动参数、正确率、反应时等数据进行处理和分析,验证认知风格和任务复杂度对消费者网购模拟界面信息搜寻效率的影响差异。[结果/结论]任务复杂度对信息搜寻反应时和正确率影响显著;认知风格对信息搜寻反应时影响显著,对正确率影响不显著,且场独立型消费者的平均反应时和平均正确率均低于场依存型消费者;眼动指标中注视点、注视时间和回视次数能辅助解释消费者信息搜寻效率产生差异的原因。

航天测控任务全过程管理质效影响因素分析

为量化分析航天测控任务准备及实施全过程中影响质量目标实现的各种因素,采用基于复杂网络的质量问题因素分析法,对航天测控任务中的人员、设备、法规和环境等事件要素分类组成及其关联关系进行分析,通过构建任务质量因素控制网络,有针对性地控制和预防关键质控点、关键流程的质量因素,提升任务全过程的质量管理水平和效率,为航天测控任务项目主管制定防范质量问题措施提供量化依据和决策支持,保障航天测控任务顺利实施。