Study on Simultaneous Catalytic Reduction of Sulfur Dioxide and Nitric Oxide on Rare Earth Mixed Compounds

CeO2/γ-Al2O3, La203/γ-Al2O3, CeO2-La203/γ-Al2O3 and CeO2-La2O3, which were prepared by impregnating in certain ratio, were used as the catalysts for the reduction of SO2 and NO by CO. Separate and simultaneous removal of SO2 and NO over LaEO3/γ-Al2O3, CeOE/γ-Al2O3, CeOE-LaEO3/γ-Al2O3 were investigated. The phase characteristics of catalysts were also analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The result shows that the conversions of SO2 and NO are above 98 % over CeOE/γ-Al2O3 and CeOE-LaEO3/γ-Al2O3. After SO2 is added in the NO-CO-N2 system （NO ：SO2 = 1：2 - 1 ： 3）, the conversions of SO2 and NO are both above 98%. Furthermore, it is found that CeO2-La2O3 with various ratios has different activity for the simultaneous reduction of SO2 and NO.

Synthesis of crystal-phase and color tunable mixed anion co-doped titanium oxides and their controllable photocatalytic activity

B and N mixed anions co-doped titania with various crystal phases such as anatase,brookite,and rutile were successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal synthesis followed by heat treatment in an ammonia gas atmosphere at 550-650℃(denoted as BN-Ana_x,BN-Bro_x,and BN-Rut_x,x is the treatment temperature).The colors of as-prepared BN-Ana,BN-Bro,and BN-Rut are red,yellow-green,and cyangreen,respectively.The color changing mechanism of titania was related to their various band gap structure and the existence of B-N bonding.The nitridation temperature exhibits effective color changing compared to that of nitridation time.The different phases of the mixed anion codoped titania possess different photocatalytic deNO_(x) activity.The BN-Ana and BN-Rut show poor photocatalytic deNO_(x) activity,while the BN-Bro shows excellent photocatalytic deNO_(x) activity,better than that of standard titania photocatalyst Degussa P25.The colorful titania with low-photocatalytic activity is heavy metal elements free,indicating their possible applications as nontoxic color pigments or novel cosmetic raw materials.

Syntheses of Coordination Compounds of (±)-2-Amino-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)Propionic Acid, Mixed Ligand Complexes and Their Biological Activities

Coordination compounds of (±)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid and their mixed ligand complexes with 1,10-phenantroline were synthesized, characterized using electronic and infrared spectral analyses and magnetic susceptibility. The compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Four different assays were applied for evaluating antioxidant capacity of the compounds. The results obtained indicated a diametric square planar geometry for both cobalt (±)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid complex and its mixed ligand complex. It was suggested that for the binary cobalt(II) complex, the phenolic substituent coordinated with neighbouring central metal ions. However, for the ternary cobalt(II) complex it was suggested it was deprotonated. Octahedral geometry was proposed for both copper complexes. Square planar geometry was indicated for the nickel?(±)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid complex and a mixture of square planar and octahedral geometry for the nickel mixed ligand complex. The cobalt mixed ligand complex elicited the highest activity for all the antioxidant assays. In most cases the binary complexes exhibited better antimicrobial activities relative to their ternary counterparts.

Separation of Biphenyl Nitrile Compounds by Microemulsion Electrokinetic Chromatography with Mixed Surfactants

A mixture of nine biphenyl nitrile compounds with high hydrophobicity and similar structures was successfully separated by microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC) within 30 min. The buffer system contained 100 mmol/L sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 80 mmol/L sodium cholate (SC), 0.81% heptane, 7.5% n-butanol, 10% acetonitrile and 10 mmol/L borate. The addition of SC, organic modifiers, sample preparation and temperature all showed remarkable effect on the separation. Meanwhile, the MEEKC method was briefly compared with micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method.

Studies of Mixed-valence Compounds(Ⅰ)──In-Situ FTIR and UV-Visible-Near-IR Spectroelectrochemical Studies of Mixed-valence Isopolyanion Mo_6O_(19)^(3-) in Aprotic Media

The mixed-valence isopolyanion Mo6O193- was investigated by means of cyclic voltammographic, in-situ FTIR and UV-Visible-Near-IR spectro-electrochemicalmethods in aprotic media. The experimental results indicate that the Mo6O193-was formed whereafter Mo6O193- was reduced, (E0' = - 0. 690 V, n = 1 ). The characteristic absorptions of Mo6O193- are 500 nm, 900 nm and 1100 nm in UV-VisibleNear-IR spectrum and 940 cm-1 in IR spectrum.

Anomalous Proton Conductivity in Chitin-Chitosan Mixed Compounds

In order to investigate a key factor for the appearance of proton conductivity in chitin-chitosan mixed compounds, the chitin-chitosan mixed compounds (chitin)x(chitosan)1-x were prepared and these proton conductivities have been investigated. DC proton conductivity σ is obtained from Nyquist plot of impedance measurement data, and the relationship between σ and mixing ratio x has been made clear. It was found that the x dependence of σ is non-monotonous. That is, σ shows the anomalous behavior, and has peaks around x = 0.4 and 0.75. This result indicates that there exist optimal conditions for the realization of high-proton conductivity in the chitin-chitosan mixed compound in which the number of acetyl groups is different. From the FT-IR measurement, we have found that the behavior of proton conductivity in (chitin)x(chitosan)1-x is determined by the amount of water content changed by x. Using these results, proton conductivity, which is important for the application of conducting polymers in chitin-chitosan mixed compounds, will be able to be easily controlled by adjusting the mixing ratio x.

Syntheses, Characterization and Biological Activity of Coordination Compounds of 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4<i>H</i>-pyran-4-one and Its Mixed Ligand Complexes with 1,2-Diaminocyclohexane

Coordination compounds of 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one with iron(III), cobat(III) and chromium(III) were synthesized with M:L (1:2). Mixed ligand coordination compounds of 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one and 1,2-diaminocyclohexane using the same metal ions were also synthesized M:L1:L2 (1:1:1) where L1 is 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one and L2 is 1,2-diaminocyclohexane. The coordination compounds obtained were characterized using electronic and infrared spectral analyses, magnetic susceptibility and percentage metal analysis. They were also evaluated for their cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. The result obtained suggested that octahedral geometry was obtained for all the compounds, as a result of additional two molecules of the solvent coordinated to the metal ions. Both the primary and secondary ligands coordinated in a bidentate fashion. The synthesized compounds exhibited moderate cytotoxicity, although none was as active as the standard. The cobalt(III) mixed ligand complex elicited the highest activity. The synthesized compounds all exhibited good to moderate antioxidant activity.

Syntheses of Coordination Compounds of 2-Amino-3-Methylbutanoic Acid Their Mixed Ligand Complexes and Antibacterial Activities

Coordination compounds of 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid were synthesized with chromium(III) and oxovanadium(IV) ions. M:L;1:2. Adducts of these complexes using 1,10-phenantroline and ethylenediamine were further synthesized, M:L, (1:2). These compounds were characterized using electronic, infra-red spectrophotometry, magnetic susceptibility measurement and percentage metal analyses. The zones of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentrations of the compounds against eight microbes were studied. The results obtained indicated an octahedral geometry for the Cr(III) complexes, indicative of additional coordination of two water molecules. On the other hand a square pyramid geometry was obtained for the binary oxovanadium complex and its 1,10-phenantroline adduct. However, for the oxovanadium ethylenediamine adduct a distorted octahedral geometry was proposed. The result for the antibacterial studies indicated that both mixed ligand complexes of 1,10-phenantroline exhibited good antibacterial activity, and in some cases better activity than the standard, streptomycin.

复掺海水海砂混凝土配合比优化及抗渗性能研究

通过正交试验研究海砂、粉煤灰及矿渣替代率对海水海砂混凝土力学性能的影响,得到混凝土最优配合比,并对其抗渗性能进行研究。结果表明:各因素对海水海砂混凝土抗压强度的影响大小为:海砂替代率>矿渣替代率>粉煤灰替代率。最优配合比为:海砂替代率70%,粉煤灰替代率15%,矿渣替代率5%。海水海砂混凝土早期抗压强度的增长速度大于普通混凝土,但后期抗压强度的增长速度低于普通混凝土。最优配合比的海水海砂混凝土抗渗等级、抗渗压力均高于普通混凝土。复掺矿物掺合料可以填充水泥水化和硬化过程中残留的孔隙,改善水泥浆体的孔结构,提高其抗压强度及抗渗性能。

Synergistic Effect in Special Selectivity Mixed Gas Chromatographic Stationary Phase in the Separation of Aromatic Compounds

The gas chromatographic separations of aromatic compounds using special mixed stationary phases consisting of pp-beta-CD+AgNO3, pp-beta-CD+TINO3, pp-beta-CD+di-n-butly phthalate, pp-beta-CD+BPBHpB liquid crystalline, and bentone-34+AgNO3 were investigated. Besides pp-beta-CD+di-n-butyl phthalate, most of the separations deviated from the additivity and a synergistic effect was observed. The separation effects depend on the temperature and how mixing is accomplished.

木质素模型化合物的电化学催化研究:转化特性与产物选择性

酚类衍生物是生物油的关键组分,对其电催化加氢(ECH)性质的深入理解对于高效利用生物油至关重要。基于此种考量,本工作研究了生物油中代表性物质愈创木酚的电催化加氢性能,探讨了其电催化加氢的反应机制、转化率和产品选择性在不同反应条件下(温度:40−80℃,高氯酸浓度:0.2–1.0 mol/L,电流强度:(–10)–(–150)mA)的变化。同时,也探索了愈创木酚中间产物(2-甲氧基环己酮和环己酮)等对其电催化加氢的影响。结果表明,愈创木酚的ECH转化率随温度和电流强度的提高而增加,但高氯酸浓度的增加则对转化率具有相反的影响。同时发现,中间产物的存在增强了愈创木酚的电催化加氢转化率,尤其是2-甲氧基环己酮,其效果更为显著。在此基础上,对其他种酚类衍生物(包括苯酚、邻苯二酚、愈创木酚、丁香酚和香草醛)及其混合物的电催化加氢机制的进一步研究中发现,模型化合物的电催化转化率与苯环上官能团的复杂程度成反比。在其中结构最简单的苯酚具有最高的转化率(89.34%),而由于结构更复杂,香草醛的转化率最低,仅为46.79%。同时,在多组分混合物的电催化加氢研究中发现,模型化合物的协同和竞争机制将显著影响各自的转化率。

Synthesis and Structure of Propionate－bridged Mixed－metal Cluster Compound：〔MoW2O2（O2CC2H5）6（H2O）3〕ZnBr4·4H2O

The heterotrinuclear cluster compound [MoW2O2 （O2CC2H5 ）6-（ H2O）3] ZnBr4·4H2O was prepared by the redox reaction of Mo （CO）6 with Na2WO4 in propionic anhydride. The crystal is monoclinic of space group P2/c with a =16. 334（4） , b= 9. 657（5） , c=19. 889（9） ,β= 139. 79 （5）°,V= 2026 （2） ￣3 , Z=2 , Dc=2. 30 g/cm￣3 μ（MoKa） =106. 6 cm￣（-1） ,F（000）=1176 ,final R=0. 065 and Rω=0. 072 for 1964 reflections with I≥3σ（I）. In the structure of cation [MoW2O2 （O2CC2H5 ）6 （H2O）3]￣（2+） molybdenum and tungsten atoms are statistically disordered. Three metal atoms form an equilateral triangle with the distance of M-M being 2. 735.

复合酶MIX对京红1号商品蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响

为了探讨复合酶MIX对京红1号商品蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响,试验采用单因子对比试验设计方法,将540只健康、体重均匀的50周龄京红1号商品蛋鸡随机分为对照组和试验组,每组设6个重复,每个重复45只鸡。对照组蛋鸡饲喂基础日粮,试验组蛋鸡饲喂基础日粮+300 g/t复合酶MIX,整个试验期为9周,其中预试期为1周,正试期为8周。试验结束后测定和计算各组蛋鸡的产蛋率、平均蛋重、平均日采食量、料蛋比、软破蛋率、死淘率,以及鸡蛋蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度、蛋壳颜色、哈氏单位、蛋形指数指标,并计算经济效益。结果表明:对照组相比,试验组蛋鸡产蛋率和平均蛋重均有所提高(P>0.05),平均日采食量、料蛋比、软破蛋率均降低(P>0.05),死淘率显著降低(P<0.05);鸡蛋蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度显著提高(P<0.05),蛋壳颜色、哈氏单位、蛋形指数提高(P>0.05);试验期每只京红1号蛋鸡多盈利0.16元。说明复合酶MIX能够提高京红1号商品蛋鸡生产性能,改善蛋品质,提高饲养经济效益。

复合植物菌剂对断奶仔猪生长指标、血液免疫指标及粪便微生物的影响

以益生菌复配药食同源植物制备的复合植物菌剂为无抗饲料添加剂,研究基础饲粮中添加复合植物菌剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、血液免疫指标及粪便微生物的影响,旨在评估复合植物菌剂作为饲料添加剂的效果。选取24日龄的断奶仔猪54头,随机分为3组:分别饲喂基础饲粮(空白组)、基础饲粮+50 g/t金霉素(对照组)、基础饲粮+0.2%复合植物菌剂(试验组),其中每组设3个重复,每个重复6头仔猪,预试期3 d,正式试验期30 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组断奶仔猪的末质量、平均日增量和头均耗料量显著升高(P<0.05),发病率和腹泻率降低约50%(P<0.05);血液生化指标中,总蛋白、白蛋白、谷草转氨酶和葡萄糖含量显著升高(P<0.05),尿素氮和甘油三酯含量显著降低(P<0.05);IgG、IgM和IgA含量显著增加(P<0.05);粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著降低(P<0.05),乳酸菌和双歧杆菌数量显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,在基础饲粮中添加0.2%复合植物菌剂可以显著改善断奶仔猪的生长性能,降低腹泻率,提高血液免疫指标,促进肠道有益菌的增殖。

复方大黄膏联合活血消肿汤对混合痔术后切口恢复的影响

目的:观察复方大黄膏联合活血消肿汤对混合痔术后切口恢复的影响。方法:采用随机数字表法将择期行手术治疗的90例混合痔患者分为对照组、观察A组、观察B组各30例。对照组给予常规西药治疗,观察A组在对照组基础上给予活血消肿汤治疗,观察B组在观察A组基础上给予复方大黄膏治疗。比较3组治疗前后中医证候积分、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、创面渗液评分及炎症相关因子[CXC型趋化因子受体4 (CXCR4)、白细胞介素-8 (IL-8)、白细胞介素-22 (IL-22)]水平,并评估3组临床疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察B组总有效率96.67%,高于观察A组83.33%与对照组66.67%(P<0.05),观察A组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。3组治疗后中医证候积分、VAS评分、创面渗液评分及血清CXCR4、IL-8、IL-22水平均低于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察B组中医证候积分、VAS评分、创面渗液评分及炎症相关因子水平均低于观察A组与对照组(P<0.05),观察A组上述指标低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组B组不良反应发生率低于观察A组、对照组(P<0.05),观察A组不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:复方大黄膏联合活血消肿汤治疗能够有效缓解患者术后切口疼痛,减轻炎症反应,临床疗效显著,安全性较高。

基于不同杀菌方式的杜仲籽油-苹果汁复合饮料贮藏稳定性评价

分别采用热处理和低温等离子体处理对杜仲籽油-苹果汁复合饮料进行杀菌,在20℃、30℃和40℃贮藏温度下,定期测定两种杀菌方式复合饮料的感官评分、菌落总数、理化性质、抗氧化能力、粒径等品质指标,研究复合饮料在贮藏期间的品质变化,并以感官评分为指标对比分析化学反应动力学模型和Q10模型对复合饮料货架期的预测效果。结果表明:两种杀菌方式复合饮料的菌落总数均未检出,但其品质均有不同程度的降低,其中低温等离子体处理复合饮料的劣变速度低于热处理复合饮料,且表现出更高的稳定性;化学反应动力学模型能提供更稳定的预测精度,利用此模型预测4℃贮藏温度下,热处理和低温等离子体处理复合饮料的货架期分别为137.52 d和191.57 d。低温等离子体处理更有利于保持杜仲籽油-苹果汁复合饮料的感官品质和营养价值,并使其获得更长的货架期。

复配发酵剂对发酵香肠的品质及挥发性风味的影响

为评判植物乳杆菌(L77)和木糖葡萄球菌(S120)复配发酵剂的优良特性,本研究以不接菌为空白对照组,采用顶空固相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用(HS-SPME/GC-MS)等技术分析比较了L77-S120组和L77组对发酵香肠的常规理化和微生物指标、主体挥发性风味化合物数量含量及香型、感官品质的影响。结果显示,L77-S120组的TBARS值、亚硝酸盐含量和肠杆菌数量均显著低于空白组和L77组(P<0.05);L77-S120组的主体挥发性风味物质的数量和含量最多,有10种醛类、3种醇类、2种酯类、1种酸类,4种其他类,差异风味化合物包括庚醛、(E)-2-庚烯醛、蘑菇醇、2-戊基呋喃、反-2-辛烯醛、反-2,4-癸二烯醛、反-2-十一烯醛、2-乙基丁酸、癸酸乙酯、戊醛和壬醇,并且主体挥发性风味物质产油脂香、奶油香和花果香的能力最强。结合感官评价,植物乳杆菌L77和木糖葡萄球菌S120复配组合更适合作为发酵香肠的产香型发酵剂。

有机无机混合肥料离散元参数标定方法研究

[目的]在有机无机混合肥料仿真试验中,传统参数标定方法待标定参数多,标定过程复杂。本文根据有机肥对无机肥颗粒黏附特性,提出一种新的离散元仿真接触参数标定方法。[方法]利用自由落体碰撞试验、静摩擦试验、滚动摩擦试验对复合小球和钢的接触参数进行校准;设计Plackett-Burmen Design试验、爬坡试验和Box-Behnken响应面试验,得到混合肥料接触模型最优参数,通过堆积角对比试验、有机肥和无机肥混合比例预测试验、撒肥盘颗粒分布对比试验验证最优参数。[结果]复合小球与钢的最优碰撞恢复系数、静摩擦系数和滚动摩擦系数分别为0.323、0.776、0.255;有机肥肥料之间最优碰撞恢复系数、静摩擦系数和滚动摩擦系数分别为0.40、0.70、0.14;有机肥与钢板之间的最优碰撞恢复系数、静摩擦系数和滚动摩擦系数分别为0.44、0.70、0.15;Hertz-Mindlin with JKR模型参数为0.017。最优参数进行对比验证堆积角的相对误差为1.05%,最优参数能预测不同混合比例肥料的堆积角,撒肥盘抛撒试验列分布最大相对误差为35.95%,平均误差15.86%。[结论]试验结果验证了标定方法正确性,同时为后续有机肥-无机肥-机械互作系统研究提供依据。

两种高氮化合物对CS混合燃烧剂性能的影响

为提高燃烧型CS催泪弹的性能,通过在CS混合燃烧剂中添加不同含量的新型高氮含能材料5,5’-偶氮四唑铵盐(AZT)和5,5’-联四唑铵盐(BTA)制备了改性混合燃烧剂。采用气相色谱法测定改性混合燃烧剂的CS气化率,通过DSC测试改性混合燃烧剂的相容性,并测试其撞击感度、摩擦感度。结果表明:一定添加量的AZT和BTA能够提高CS气化率;AZT与CS混合燃烧剂相容,BTA与CS混合燃烧剂不相容;在撞击感度和摩擦感度测试条件下AZT改性混合燃烧剂均不发火。研究表明AZT可用作CS混合燃烧剂的添加剂组分。

葡萄渣苜蓿混合青贮对肉牛生长性能、肉品质及脂肪酸含量的影响

本试验旨在探究葡萄渣苜蓿混合青贮对肉牛生长性能及肌肉脂肪酸和挥发性化合物组成的影响。选取12头健康状况良好且体重相似的西门塔尔杂交公牛,随机分为2组,每组6头。对照组(CK组)饲喂全混合日粮(TMR),试验组(CG组)饲喂添加葡萄渣苜蓿混合青贮的TMR(葡萄渣苜蓿混合青贮中葡萄渣与苜蓿比例为1∶6.67)。预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果显示:1)与CK组相比,CG组肉牛的终末体重(P<0.05)、干物质采食量(P<0.05)和平均日增重(P<0.01)均显著或极显著增加。2)屠宰后,CG组肉牛胴体重较CK组提高4.87 kg(P<0.05),CG组肌肉失水率较CK组提高3.21%(P<0.01)。3)与CK组相比,CG组肌肉饱和脂肪酸中肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸的含量均极显著增加(P<0.01),硬脂酸的含量极显著降低(P<0.01);不饱和脂肪酸中,单不饱和脂肪酸含量极显著降低(P<0.01);CG组多不饱和脂肪酸中十八碳二烯酸甘油三酯含量极显著增加(P<0.01),十八碳三烯酸甘油三酯含量显著增加(P<0.05)。4)与CK组相比,CG组肌肉中己醛含量极显著降低(P<0.01),1-戊醇、1-辛烯-3-醇和2,3-辛二酮含量极显著增加(P<0.01)。综上所述,将葡萄渣苜蓿混合青贮添加到饲粮中,可以提高肉牛的生长性能及屠宰后的胴体重,提高肌肉中脂肪酸和挥发性化合物的含量,从而改善肉品质。