Effect of compound treatment of rotating magnetic field and Al-5Ti-1B refiner on microstructure and properties of Al-5Cu alloy

The Al-5Cu alloys were prepared by different treatment methods,including adding a refiner Al-5Ti-1B,exerting a rotating magnetic field(RMF),and compound treatment of both refiner and RMF.The effects of treatment methods on the microstructure,properties,and solid solubility of the Al-5Cu alloy were investigated.The optimal magnetic field parameters and addition amount of refiner were confirmed by experiment.Results show that either RMF or adding refiner Al-5Ti-1B alone can refine the grain size,and the refining effect can be further improved by a compound refining treatment with optimized magnetic field parameters(120 A current and 8 Hz frequency) and 1.0wt.% Al-5Ti-1B refiner(RMF*+Al-5Ti-1B*).The average grain size is decreased to 68.1 μm,which is 60.8%,21.1%,and 83.5% lower than that of the alloy treated by the optimized rotating magnetic field,the Al-5Ti-1B refiner,and the alloy without any treatment,respectively.The tensile strength and elongation of the alloy reach 232.5 MPa and 18.6%,respectively,which are obviously higher than those of the alloys treated by rotating magnetic field,Al-5Ti-1B refiner,and the alloy without any treatment,respectively.Additionally,the solid solubility of the alloy is also obviously improved compared to the alloys treated by other methods.

Stress Relaxation of Paraffin Wax Emulsion/Copper Azole Compound System Treated Wood

[Objective] An approach of stress relaxation was proposed in present work to investigate the interactions among the waterproof agent,preservative and wood.[Method] Paraffin emulsion waterproof using natural surfactants was prepared at different concentrations of 0.5% and 2.0%,which were added into two concentrations（0.3%,0.5%） of copper azole（CA） to obtain compound systems,and one-time fullcell process was applied to treat the sapwood of Pinus spp.with a size of 10 mm（L） ×10 mm（R） ×10 mm（T）.[Result] Compressive stress relaxation behaviors at two moisture levels and room temperature were measured and the results were as follows：1） compared with control group,the stress relaxation of compound system treated groups reduced,whether at oven-dried state or air-dried state.2） Under oven-dried condition,CA could weaken the relaxation of treated samples and this effect became greater with increasing concentration of preservative,but an increase in the concentration of paraffin emulsion would slightly promote the relaxation of compound system treated samples.While under air-dried condition,both CA and paraffin wax emulsion lowered the relaxation which was inversely related to the concentrations of both agents.[Conclusion] The results were expected to shed new light on the various macroscopic properties of the compound system treated wood at a microscopic level,and to provide favorable scientific evidences and theoretical supports for the manufacture of waterproofing preservative-treated wood.

Use of sub-micron sized resin particles for removal of endocrine disrupting compounds and pharmaceuticals from water and wastewater

Endocrine disrupting compounds（EDCs） and pharmaceuticals pose a challenge for water and wastewater treatment because they exist at very low concentrations in the presence of substances at much higher concentrations competing for adsorption sites.Sub-micron sized resin particles（approximately 300 nm in diameter）（SMR） were tested to evaluate their potential as a treatment for EDCs including：17-β estradiol（E2）,17-α ethinylestradiol（EE2）,estrone（E1）,bisphenol A（BPA）,and diethylstilbestrol（DES） as well as 12 pharmaceuticals.SMR were able to remove 98%of spiked E2,80%of EE2,87%of BPA,and up to 97%of DES from water.For a 0.5 ppm mixture of E2,EE2,E1,BPA and DES,the minimum removal was24%（E2） and the maximum was 49%（DES）.They were also able to remove the pharmaceuticals from deionized water and wastewater.Overall,SMR are a promising advanced treatment for removal of both EDCs and pharmaceuticals.