On February 5,2022,the Chinese government deposited its instrument of accession to the Geneva text of the Hague Agreement(1999)with the director general of the WIPO,thus becoming the 68th Contracting Party to the 1999...On February 5,2022,the Chinese government deposited its instrument of accession to the Geneva text of the Hague Agreement(1999)with the director general of the WIPO,thus becoming the 68th Contracting Party to the 1999 text and the 77th member state of the Hague Union.The Geneva text of the Hague Agreement(1999)will enter into force in China on May 5,2022.In preparation for joining the Hague System,China amended the Patent Law on June 1,2021.展开更多
Nowadays, millions of users use many social media systems every day. These services produce massive messages, which play a vital role in the social networking paradigm. As we see, an intelligent learning emotion syste...Nowadays, millions of users use many social media systems every day. These services produce massive messages, which play a vital role in the social networking paradigm. As we see, an intelligent learning emotion system is desperately needed for detecting emotion among these messages. This system could be suitable in understanding users’ feelings towards particular discussion. This paper proposes a text-based emotion recognition approach that uses personal text data to recognize user’s current emotion. The proposed approach applies Dominant Meaning Technique to recognize user’s emotion. The paper reports promising experiential results on the tested dataset based on the proposed algorithm.展开更多
K-means algorithm is one of the most widely used algorithms in the clustering analysis. To deal with the problem caused by the random selection of initial center points in the traditional al- gorithm, this paper propo...K-means algorithm is one of the most widely used algorithms in the clustering analysis. To deal with the problem caused by the random selection of initial center points in the traditional al- gorithm, this paper proposes an improved K-means algorithm based on the similarity matrix. The im- proved algorithm can effectively avoid the random selection of initial center points, therefore it can provide effective initial points for clustering process, and reduce the fluctuation of clustering results which are resulted from initial points selections, thus a better clustering quality can be obtained. The experimental results also show that the F-measure of the improved K-means algorithm has been greatly improved and the clustering results are more stable.展开更多
As a product of scientism and rationalism,the principle of nullum crimen sine lege has been subject to changing times and theoretical assumptions.In practice,therefore,it has not been fully able to play its role in pr...As a product of scientism and rationalism,the principle of nullum crimen sine lege has been subject to changing times and theoretical assumptions.In practice,therefore,it has not been fully able to play its role in protecting freedom and has constantly wavered over the determination of criminal punishments.Even though it has been constantly challenged,the principle of nullum crimen sine lege should be adhered to and renewed as an important principle of the modem rule of law.First,the principle of de lege lata is being questioned by theories of substantive law,and sources not in the form of law have become the de facto basis of criminal punishment.For this reason,it is necessary to reaffirm the nature of de lege lata as an exclusive source of law.Second,although the possible boundary of the meaning of criminal law texts cannot be clearly delineated empirically,one should not therefore reject the possible boundary of this meaning.The practice of delineating an objective boundary based on empirical facts should be abandoned and normative boundaries should be delineated and justified.Finally,the responsibility for judicial clarity should be recognized and accepted as a supplement to legislative clarity,and a two-tier system of legislative and judicial clarity should be developed.Here,the definite nature of criminal legislation should develop standards in terms of behavioral guidance and judicial restrictions,and clarity in criminal justice should start from the legislative text and establish general secondary rules to make the text more specific,bringing it ever closer to specific and particular case facts,and eventually establishing a relationship of subsumption between the legislative text and the facts of the case.展开更多
文摘On February 5,2022,the Chinese government deposited its instrument of accession to the Geneva text of the Hague Agreement(1999)with the director general of the WIPO,thus becoming the 68th Contracting Party to the 1999 text and the 77th member state of the Hague Union.The Geneva text of the Hague Agreement(1999)will enter into force in China on May 5,2022.In preparation for joining the Hague System,China amended the Patent Law on June 1,2021.
文摘Nowadays, millions of users use many social media systems every day. These services produce massive messages, which play a vital role in the social networking paradigm. As we see, an intelligent learning emotion system is desperately needed for detecting emotion among these messages. This system could be suitable in understanding users’ feelings towards particular discussion. This paper proposes a text-based emotion recognition approach that uses personal text data to recognize user’s current emotion. The proposed approach applies Dominant Meaning Technique to recognize user’s emotion. The paper reports promising experiential results on the tested dataset based on the proposed algorithm.
文摘K-means algorithm is one of the most widely used algorithms in the clustering analysis. To deal with the problem caused by the random selection of initial center points in the traditional al- gorithm, this paper proposes an improved K-means algorithm based on the similarity matrix. The im- proved algorithm can effectively avoid the random selection of initial center points, therefore it can provide effective initial points for clustering process, and reduce the fluctuation of clustering results which are resulted from initial points selections, thus a better clustering quality can be obtained. The experimental results also show that the F-measure of the improved K-means algorithm has been greatly improved and the clustering results are more stable.
文摘As a product of scientism and rationalism,the principle of nullum crimen sine lege has been subject to changing times and theoretical assumptions.In practice,therefore,it has not been fully able to play its role in protecting freedom and has constantly wavered over the determination of criminal punishments.Even though it has been constantly challenged,the principle of nullum crimen sine lege should be adhered to and renewed as an important principle of the modem rule of law.First,the principle of de lege lata is being questioned by theories of substantive law,and sources not in the form of law have become the de facto basis of criminal punishment.For this reason,it is necessary to reaffirm the nature of de lege lata as an exclusive source of law.Second,although the possible boundary of the meaning of criminal law texts cannot be clearly delineated empirically,one should not therefore reject the possible boundary of this meaning.The practice of delineating an objective boundary based on empirical facts should be abandoned and normative boundaries should be delineated and justified.Finally,the responsibility for judicial clarity should be recognized and accepted as a supplement to legislative clarity,and a two-tier system of legislative and judicial clarity should be developed.Here,the definite nature of criminal legislation should develop standards in terms of behavioral guidance and judicial restrictions,and clarity in criminal justice should start from the legislative text and establish general secondary rules to make the text more specific,bringing it ever closer to specific and particular case facts,and eventually establishing a relationship of subsumption between the legislative text and the facts of the case.
