Comprehensive Evaluation of New Maize Varieties for Grain and Fodder Based on Membership Function Method

To screen new maize(Zea mays L.)varieties suitable for food and fodder dual-purpose in Du'an Yao Autonomous County of Guangxi,the agronomic characters,yield and quality indexes of 12 new maize varieties were measured,and the correlation between various indexes were analyzed,and the comprehensive performance of tested varieties was evaluated by membership function method.The results showed that Guidan 671 had the highest grain yield and whole-plant biomass at 10908 and 49965 kg/hm^(2),respectively,and the second was Zhaoyu 215 with a grain yield and whole-plant biomass of 10086 and 47175 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Grain yield was highly significantly positively correlated with ear diameter and 100-grain weight(P<0.01),and significantly correlated with whole-plant biomass,starch content,ear length and grain number per row(P<0.05);and the whole-plant biomass was highly significantly correlated with the number of grains per row(P<0.01),and significantly correlated with starch content,panicle length,plant height and panicle height(P<0.05).The comprehensive performance scores of the tested varieties from high to low were Guidan 671,Zhaoyu 215,Guidan 669,Guidan 6208,Guidan 666,Guidan 6205,Guidan 660,Guidan 6203,Guidan 6206,Guidan 162,Guidan 668 and Guidan 673.According to the values of membership function and combined with various indexes,Guidan 671 and Zhaoyu 215 had good comprehensive performance,and could be used as the first choice for food and fodder dual-purpose maize varieties in Du'an Yao Autonomous County.

Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Urban Traffic Environment Quality

In this paper, traffic environment quality assessment is achieved by applying fuzzy mathematics methods. Set up an assessment system, determine assessment criterion, formulate membership function, make program designs and conduct example analysis. The evaluation result is consistent with the real case. So that the method of the fuzzy evaluation is a good one for the environment quality assessment.

Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model for Water Resources Carrying Capacity in Tarim River Basin,Xinjiang,China

This paper explores the method of comprehensive evaluation of water resources carrying capacity and sets up an evaluation model applying the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Based on the data of nature,society,economics and water resources of the Tarim River Basin in 2002,we evaluated the water resources carrying capacity of the basin by means of the model. The results show that the comprehensive grades are 0.438 and 0.454 for Aksu and Kashi prefectures respectively,where the current water resources exploitation and utilization has reached a relative high degree and there is only a very limited water carrying capacity,0.620 for Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture,where water resources carrying capacity is much higher,and in between for Hotan Prefecture and Bayingolin Mongo-lian Autonomous Prefecture. As a whole,the comprehensive grade of the Tarim River Basin is 0.508 and the current water resources exploitation and utilization has reached a relative high degree. Thus,we suggest that the integrated management of the water resources in the basin should be strengthened in order to utilize water resources scientifically and sustainably.

Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation for Decision Making of Water Saving Irrigation System

A model of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for water saving irrigation system (WSIS) decision making is proposed based on establishing an index system affected by six kinds of basic factors including qualitative and quantitative indexes. The object function of WSIS is set up by using the concept of fuzzy membership degree, it is to transform characteristic vector matrix into unify membership matrix and extending the least square method to the least of weighted distance square. The optimum weighted membership degree and the inferior weighted membership degree are used to solve the object function. This method effective solves the problem of classify for fuzzy attributive indexes and the problem of optimum for the set of different attributive indexes. A case study shows that the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is reasonable and effective in decision making for water saving irrigation system planning.

Evaluation Method of English Teaching Quality Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation

In order to improve the accuracy of English teaching quality evaluation, so as to promote the quality of English teaching, an evaluation method of English teaching quality is proposed based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the index system model of English teaching quality evaluation is constructed, a decision tree model is used for construction of English teaching quality index model, objective function of English teaching quality evaluation is constructed based on fuzzy decision model, the conjugate function analysis method is used to optimize the decision function, the attributes that can reflect the quality of English Teaching is extracted, accurate evaluation and prediction of English teaching quality are realized. The simulation results show that the method of English teaching quality evaluation is reliable, it has high degree of confidence, evaluation result is accurate.

Fuzzy Evaluation of Thermal Comfort in Naturally Ventilated Residential Buildings in China

In order to assess the differences between the human body thermal sensation in naturally ventilated space and that in air-conditioned space,the fuzzy evaluation model was adopted in the research of thermal sensation in naturally ventilated space.Based on the questionnaires and field measurements,the membership functions were presented by the statistic of the covering frequency to the fuzzy subset.Dry-bulb temperature was taken as the only independent variable for membership functions.The maximum values of membership grades are all at 0.5 or so,which is a distinction character on thermal comfort of naturally ventilated space.By the calculating results of membership grades value to different fuzzy evaluation subsets,the Predicted Mean Vote(PMV)was obtained.Furthermore,energy coefficient(Ea)was introduced to calculate the energy consumption,and the prediction methods of residential building energy consumption were also discussed.Finally,the importance of evaluation model of thermal sense is shown through the energy consumption prediction in a specific residential building.

Fuzzy Evaluation of Coal Seam Geological Condition of Fully-Mechanized Face in Ten-Million-Ton Mine

Based on coal seam geological condition and mining technological characteristic in Jisan Mine, coal seamgeological condition is quantitative evaluated by using fuzzy evaluation with the view of coal mining and coalfaceproduction. The structure and index system of evaluation factor, the membership functions and weights of evaluationfactor, evaluation model and reliability in the coal seam geological conditions are expounded in detail. Eighty-twocoalfaces which will be exploited is classified. All of these have provided a theoretical foundation for the selection ofcoal mining technology and for sustainable development of the coal mine.

Multi-Level Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment of Tourism Resources in Laiyuan County of Hebei Province

The membership of every target and the mathematic model of multi-level fuzzy comprehensive assessment are set up by using fuzzy theories and means in this study.Tourism resources of main scenic spots areas in Laiyuan County of Hebei Province are evaluated and classified by applying the model.The results of evaluation indicate that 10 of these scenic spots such as Baoziwo and Qingyunfeng are grade A,and 6 of them such as Yunpan Valley and Xianrenqiao are grade B.The peak forest scenic area in the Baishishan Geological Park and Shipuxia Scenic Area are grade A,and Jumayuan Scenic Area is grade B.Furthermore,suggestions are put forward based on the scientific and feasible development of tourism resources.

Decision-oriented Usability Evaluation of an Operation Interface: Model and Application

To support multi-factor decision problems about usability evaluation, especially when studies fall short of comparable objects, a fuzzy synthetic evaluation model is explored in this paper. Grey relational analysis （GRA） is brought in the model to calculate weight vectors of the usability factors. And membership functions of a remark vector are constructed in the context of use of the operation interface. The present method is applied in usability evaluation of operation interface and is proved to be effective. The comprehensive usability gradation of the operation interface to good is 0. 616 4 that meets the requirements in practice.

A Support Vector Machine-based Evaluation Model of Customer Satisfaction Degree in Logistics

This paper presents a novel evaluation model of the customer satisfaction degree （CSD） in logistics based on support vector machine （SVM）. Firstly, the relation between the suppliers and the customers is analyzed. Seondly, the evaluation index system and fuzzy quantitative methods are provided. Thirdly, the CSD evaluation system including eight indexes and three ranks based on one-against-one mode of SVM is built, last simulation experint is presented to illustrate the theoretical results.

沼液施用对石灰性土壤紫花苜蓿品质影响评价

为探究沼液施用比例对石灰性土壤紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)品质的影响,以紫花苜蓿5010为供试材料,共设置不施肥(处理1)、常规施氮量(处理2)、氮质量分数为20%常规施氮量的沼液+80%常规施氮量(处理3)、氮质量分数为50%常规施氮量的沼液+50%常规施氮量(处理4)、氮质量分数为常规施氮量的沼液(处理5)、氮质量分数为常规施氮量2倍的沼液(处理6)等6个处理,对不同施肥处理紫花苜蓿品质指标开展分析。结果表明:相较于单施化肥,第1茬酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗纤维(CF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和钙(Ca),第2茬粗蛋白(CP)、Ca和糖(Sugar),第3茬CP和第5茬CP、CF质量分数在各沼液处理时均有所增加。第1茬钾(K)、CF、ADF和Ca,第2茬CP、ADF、灰分(Ash)、Ca和钾(K),第3茬CP、CF和NDF,第4茬CP、K和第5茬CP、CF、ADF质量分数在100%沼液替代时较50%沼液替代有所下降。各品质指标间多表现为极显著正相关与极显著负相关(P<0.01)。紫花苜蓿品质相关指标第一主成分为ADF、Ca、K和Sugar。基于化肥氮50%用量的沼液和50%氮肥配合施用为影响苜蓿品质的优选施肥方式。

11个柠檬砧木种质对淹水胁迫的生理响应及耐涝性评价

探究不同砧木种质植株对淹水胁迫的生理响应及耐涝性,可为柠檬耐涝砧木选育及抗涝机理研究提供理论依据。以11个柠檬砧木种质当年生实生苗为供试材料,设置正常水分管理(对照)和持续淹水处理,通过测定相对电导率、叶绿素、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、丙二醛含量和过氧化氢酶活性等指标研究各种质对淹水胁迫的生理响应,进一步通过主成分分析和隶属函数法对各种质的耐涝性进行综合评价,最后根据综合评价值对砧木种质进行聚类分析。结果表明,淹水胁迫后,不同砧木种质的相对电导率均增加,叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量均降低,可溶性糖、丙二醛含量和过氧化氢活性在不同种质中呈现升高或降低的变化趋势。在供试种质中,白[木黎]檬1号、酸橙和香橙强耐涝,泰国香橼和白[木黎]檬2号较强耐涝,大果红[木黎]檬、酸柚、酸桔和小青柠中等耐涝,红柠檬和粗柠檬不耐涝。

基于模糊评判的无线传感器网络簇间数据转发算法

由于无线传感器网络在簇间数据转发过程中消耗能量较大、转发效率低,导致数据在转发过程中容易失效。为此,提出基于模糊评判的无线传感器网络簇间数据转发算法。建立无线传感器网络模型和通信模型,明确节点的运行方式和转发数据所消耗的能量,构建模糊综合评判模型,选取梯形隶属度函数计算传感器节点的相似度和活跃度,找出最佳转发节点,完成数据转发任务。仿真结果表明,所提算法的第一个节点死亡轮数和网络失效轮数最高为167和178,在仿真轮数达到1000轮时,该算法剩余的网络能量和节点平均能量分别为4 J和0.01 J,证明所提算法在数据转发过程中可消耗最少的能量,高效率地完成数据转发任务。

基于隶属函数综合评价法筛选蒙古栎压条繁育体系研究

蒙古栎是集用材、园林绿化及橡实利用于一身的优良树种。其无性繁育技术体系不健全是制约其产业发展的瓶颈问题。为完善蒙古栎无性繁育技术体系,满足生产上对苗木的需求,建立蒙古栎压条繁育技术。以2年生蒙古栎的嫩枝为穗材,用不同质量浓度和种类的外源生长物质、不同基质及压条方式处理,以蒙古栎压条苗的生长量、生物量及生根性状为评价指标,采用隶属函数的综合评价法筛选处理组合。不同处理蒙古栎压条苗的生长量、生物量及生根性状等指标存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中,苗高和地径均值分别为69.2 cm和7.0 mm;叶干质量、茎干质量、根干质量和单株生物量均值分别为11.20、15.70、0.21、27.70 g;生根率、偏根率、根长、根粗和根数均值分别为7.4%、80.6%、11.6 cm、1.6 mm和2.9条。蒙古栎压条苗在不同处理间的显著差异为筛选较优组合提供可能,采用隶属函数值法对不同处理进行排序,最终筛选出26~#处理、13~#处理、24~#处理、11~#处理和7~#处理5个处理为蒙古栎压条繁育较优处理,其中,26~#处理的生根率、偏根率、根数、根长和根粗生根性状分别为27.6%、72.1%、3.5条、14.4 cm和1.5 mm,除根粗指标外,其他指标均优于参试处理均值,生根率、根数和根长分别是参试处理均值的3.73、1.21、1.24倍;其苗高和地径等生长量指标分别为90.2 cm和8.7 mm,分别是参试处理均值的1.30、1.24倍;其根干质量、茎干质量、叶干质量和单株生物量分别为0.28、31.8、19.3、51.3 g,分别是参试处理均值的1.33、2.03、1.72、1.85倍。结果表明,基于隶属函数综合评价法筛选试验中最优组合为26~#处理,基质为河沙和园土等体积比混合基质,压条方式为直立压条,同时使用铁丝进行横缢,外源生长物质采用IBA-K(2000 mg/L)。研究结果为完善蒙古栎压条育苗提供支撑,为其他树种压条育苗技术体系的建立提供借鉴。

8个粮饲兼用玉米新品种产量与主要农艺性状的相关分析及综合评价

具有较高的生物产量和籽粒产量是粮饲兼用玉米新品种的重要评价指标。为客观评价粮饲兼用玉米品种的产量性状,以8个粮饲兼用玉米新品种为研究对象,通过田间试验,进行产量指标以及主要农艺性状的测定与比较,分析各指标间的相关性,采用隶属函数法对参试品种进行综合评价。结果表明,鲜草产量、干物质产量、籽粒产量3个产量指标之间密切相关;株高、穗位、绿叶数、穗粗等性状与生物产量的相关性较强,在提高粮饲兼用玉米生物产量方面具有重要作用;绿叶数与穗粗对粮饲兼用玉米籽粒产量提高也具有重要的作用。利用隶属函数法对筛选出的7个指标进行综合分析,发现国审品种Z710隶属函数值最高,其次为丹3232和丹32317。综合各项指标,Z710和丹32317整体表现良好,可作为粮饲兼用型玉米新品种进行种植,丹3232可作为以青贮玉米为主的粮饲兼用玉米备选品种。

Study on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Simulation Schemes of Socio－economic Systems

In this paper, we propose a multilayer multiobjective fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (MMFCE) method for assessing simulation schemes of socio-economyic systems of China. In this MMFCE method, multiple methods to determine membership grades of evaluation matrix, the procedure to determine multiobjective weights and multiple combination strategies of fuzzy operations under different evaluation rules are presented. And in this paper, we also describe the application of the MMFCE method in assessing several simulation schemes of socio-economic systems of China. Thus,the MMFCE method can be used by policy-makers in China to evaluate and compare alternative policies for socio-economic development of China.

两种白颖苔草对梯度NaCl胁迫的生理生化响应及综合评价

本试验以两个白颖苔草(Carex rigescens)品种‘绿坪1号’和‘绿坪2号’为材料,使用0,100,200和300 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl处理21 d,对处理后白颖苔草叶片进行了叶绿素含量、相对电导率、相对含水量、过氧化氢含量、丙二醛含量、钾钠比、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度、蒸腾速率、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性指标的测定,并对各测定值进行隶属函数分析比较,探究两种白颖苔草在长期盐胁迫下的耐盐特性。结果表明:‘绿坪1号’中丙二醛含量和过氧化氢含量在盐浓度300 mmol·L^(-1)处理后比对照相比有更大幅度的上升;两材料中超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性变化不一致。随后经过相关性分析、主成分分析和隶属函数分析,提取3个主成分作为白颖苔草耐盐性评价的综合指标,经过计算得出耐盐性较强的是‘绿坪2号’。研究结果对白颖苔草在盐碱地利用及后续耐盐机理研究具有参考意义。

基于叶片解剖结构性状的17份江西茶树种质资源综合评价

【目的】基于叶片解剖结构性状,对江西地方茶树种质资源进行综合评价,旨在为江西茶树新品种选育及特色茶产品开发提供理论参考及优异资源。【方法】以17份江西茶树资源为材料,对16项叶片解剖结构性状进行观测与遗传多样性分析,并间接鉴定其抗逆性、适制性和生产力水平,采用主成分分析法结合聚类分析进行综合评价。【结果】17份江西茶树资源遗传多样性指数变幅为0.88~2.09,变异系数范围为7.73%~63.70%,抗寒性平均得分为1.35,生产力平均指数为2 031.43。近一半的茶树资源适制绿茶和乌龙茶,少数适制红茶或红、绿茶兼制。采用隶属函数法对茶树抗旱性指标进行评价,发现抗旱性前6位茶树资源由强至弱依次为赣茶3号、程风绿、赣茶2号、遂川种、靖安白叶和杏林。经主成分综合得分计算结合聚类分析表明,排名前3的茶树依次为赣茶3号、程风绿、杏林,主要聚在第Ⅰ、Ⅱ类,其叶片栅栏组织较发达,适制绿茶、乌龙茶;而得分较低的2份修水野生茶树资源九龙1号和九龙2号,主要聚在第Ⅲ类,其叶片海绵组织较发达,可作为宁红茶品种改良的亲本材料。【结论】17份江西茶树种质资源展现出较强的耐寒、抗旱能力及高潜在生产力等丰富的遗传多样性,赣茶3号、程风绿、杏林综合性状优良,可在江西绿茶品种选育及茶产品开发方面加以利用。

197份陆地棉品种萌发期耐盐性鉴定

【目的】鉴定评价陆地棉品种资源萌发期耐盐性,筛选耐盐性优异的种质,鉴定分析耐盐指标,为陆地棉育种改良提供理论支持。【方法】以197份国内外陆地棉品种为材料,以0(CK)、150和200 mmol/L的氯化钠(NaCl)为胁迫处理浓度,测试对照组与处理组的发芽势、发芽率、根长及相对值等9个指标,采用隶属函数法,利用综合评价D值评价197份陆地棉品种的耐盐性。【结果】150 mmol/L适合作为鉴定萌发期耐盐性的盐胁迫浓度,处理组的变异系数均高于对照组,综合评价D值与处理组各性状之间均存在显著性正相关性,综合评价D值为第一主成分因子,筛选出4份高耐材料、39份耐盐材料、65份中耐材料和89份敏盐材料。【结论】发芽势、发芽率和根长及其相对值等9个数据可作为耐盐性鉴定指标,筛选出20N705、C6524等43份耐盐性较强的材料。