Improved AHP method and its application in lake environmental comprehensive quality evaluation—a case study of Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China

The relative importance of each pollution factor in analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method comes from pooling expert opinions in general. Because expert opinions are based on information and judgment criteria, determining their weight may lead to uncertainty.. Therefore, an improved AHP method had been developed. The process of the improved AHP method involved four key procedures. The weights of pollution factors were completely related to the objective monitoring data through the standardization of these procedures. The environmental comprehensive quality of water and sediment of Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China had been evaluated. The environmental quality comprehensive indices (EQCI) of the water in 1991-1995 and 1996-2000 were 3.32 and 1.85, respectively, indicating that the water quality improved. The EQCI of the sediment in 1995 and 2000 indicates that the sediment contamination decreased from 1995 to 2000. Such results agreed with the fact that the lake had been under comprehensive control. However, with the classical AHP method, the EQCI of the sediment in the northwestern part of the lake may have indicated that sediment contamination increased from 1995 to 2000. The discrepancy may have resulted from the judgment difference of the experts. The improved AHP method can avoid arbitrariness of subjective judgment and can reflect the real influential factors of environment pollution in different periods or regions.

Comprehensive Assessment of Seawater Quality Based on an Improved Attribute Recognition Model

The attribute recognition model (ARM) has been widely used to make comprehensive assessment in many engineering fields, such as environment, ecology, and economy. However, large numbers of experiments indicate that the value of weight vector has no relativity to its initial value but depends on the data of Quality Standard and actual samples. In the present study, the ARM is enhanced with the technique of data driving, which means some more groups of data from the Quality Standard are selected with the uniform random method to make the calculation of weight values more rational and more scientific. This improved attribute recognition model (IARM) is applied to a real case of assessment on seawater quality. The given example shows that the IARM has the merits of being simple in principle, easy to operate, and capable of producing objective results, and is therefore of use in evaluation problems in marine environment science.

Improving the Reading Skills of ALS Learners Through Project RICE(Reading Intervention and Comprehension Enhancement)

One of the major problems in the education sector is the reading skills of learners.Students enrolled in the Alternative Learning System(ALS)also experienced this scenario due to several circumstances.This study focused on the improvement of reading comprehension skills of ALS learners by means of project RICE(Reading Intervention and Comprehension Enhancement)as well as the issues and challenges.A quasi-experimental design was utilized in this study which was participated by 54 learners,composed of 27 learners under the experimental group and 27 under the control group.The result revealed that the learners in the experimental group changed from frustration level to instructional level after the implementation of project RICE while the learners in the control group changed from instructional level to inde-pendent level,thereby signifying a significant difference and the effectiveness of the project.Additionally,issues with time and resources were often encountered by the learners.

Application of Improved Matter-element Extension Method in Comprehensive Assessment of Shallow Groundwater

Taking shallow groundwater in Jinjiang City,Fujian Province for example,it was found that the classical element-matter analysis shows deficiency in calculation of correlation function,so the improved matter-element method was applied for the comprehensive assessment of shallow groundwater in Jinjiang City,and the spatial distribution was shown in maps.The assessment results demonstrated that ground water quality of most regions in the study area belonged to Grade I and II,thus the overall quality of shallow groundwater was good.The groundwater of Grade IV and V(relatively poor and extremely poor) was mainly distributed in Dongshi Town,Chendi Town,Zimao Town,and Shenhu Town,major exceeding-standard factors that influence shallow groundwater quality in the local area included TDS,Mn^(2+),NO_3,NO_2,NH_4^+ and Cl^-,which mainly owed to invasion of seawater,original geological conditions,industrial and agricultural discharge,and human life.

Application of Improved SPA Method in the Comprehensive Assessment of Groundwater Environment Quality:A Case Study of Jinjiang, Fujian Province

This paper applied the set pair analysis with improved five-element connection degree to assess shallow groundwater quality of Jinjiang City, Fujian Province, and used map to show the spatial distribution. The assessment results showed that most groundwater in the district was in the grade I and II, i.e. the overall groundwater environment in this area was favorable; groundwater of grade III(poorer level) was mainly distributed in Dongshi Town in the coastal region, and the total area was smaller. Major out-of-limit factors are TDS, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, and chloride, therefore, industrial and agricultural development, human activities and seawater invasion were major causes for the aggravation of water quality.

Establish Green Industry System,Improve the Comprehensive Utilization Level of Salt Lake Resources,and Create A New Pattern of Green Sustainable Development in Qaidam Basin

Qaidam Basin in Qinghai Province has rich multiple complex resources with salt lakes as the core.These resources form a special condition for the development of green economy,having rare and particular nature.The

The Application of Improved Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation method in Practice Teaching Quality Evaluation System

According to the theory of fuzzy mathematics, Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method of the original algorithm is improved, and reduced the possibility loss of the original evaluation data. The improved algorithm is applied in the practice teaching quality evaluation system, and improved the practice teaching quality evaluation results and the accuracy of visual, and promote the teaching management scientific, standardized and institutionalized. In order to establish incentive mechanism, it can bring a positive role to improve teaching quality.

Sound-changes in Connected Speech and the Improvement of Listening Comprehension For NonEnglish Majors

It is well known that most Chinese nonEnglish majors can't understand the English materials they have heard,but they do understand them if the materials are in written form.Though there may be a lot of reasons (Such as phonological and psychological ones),this paper covers the influence of sound changes in connected speech upon the learners' listening comprehension.Non-English majors can improve their listening comprehension,to some degrees,by getting familiar with and being practiced in sound-changes in a flow of speech,with the help of a good attitude towards sound-changes in English speeches.

Comprehensive evaluation of 5G+smart distribution network based on combined weighting method-cloud model

With the large-scale application of 5G technology in smart distribution networks,the operation effects of distribution networks are not clear.Herein,we propose a comprehensive evaluation model of a 5G+smart distribution network based on the combination weighting and cloud model of the improved Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy-Entropy Weight Method(FAHP-EWM).First,we establish comprehensive evaluation indexes of a 5G+smart distribution network from five dimensions:reliable operation,economic operation,efficient interaction,technological intelligence,and green emission reduction.Second,by introducing the principle of variance minimization,we propose a combined weighting method based on the improved FAHP-EWM to calculate the comprehensive weight,so as to reduce the defects of subjective arbitrariness and promote objectivity.Finally,a comprehensive evaluation model of 5G+smart distribution network based on cloud model is proposed by considering the uncertainty of distribution network node information and equipment status information.The example analysis indicates that the overall operation of the 5G+smart distribution network project is decent,and the weight value calculated by the combined weighting method is more reasonable and accurate than that calculated by the single weighting method,which verifies the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed evaluation method.Moreover,the proposed evaluation method has a certain guiding role for the large-scale application of 5G communication technology in smart distribution networks.

How to Improve Students' English Listening Comprehension Ability

This paper point out that there are many problems exist in listening teaching and learning, such as, internal factors, short of lis-tening skills and neglect of basic training,According to these problems, teachers should find out different approaches to improve students' listeningcomprehensionability. It includes training students pronunciation drills, reading and guessing vocabulary etc. At last, will achieve the purpose of improving students' listening comprehension ability.

An Influence Maximization Algorithm Based on Improved K-Shell in Temporal Social Networks

Influence maximization of temporal social networks(IMT)is a problem that aims to find the most influential set of nodes in the temporal network so that their information can be the most widely spread.To solve the IMT problem,we propose an influence maximization algorithm based on an improved K-shell method,namely improved K-shell in temporal social networks(KT).The algorithm takes into account the global and local structures of temporal social networks.First,to obtain the kernel value Ks of each node,in the global scope,it layers the network according to the temporal characteristic of nodes by improving the K-shell method.Then,in the local scope,the calculation method of comprehensive degree is proposed to weigh the influence of nodes.Finally,the node with the highest comprehensive degree in each core layer is selected as the seed.However,the seed selection strategy of KT can easily lose some influential nodes.Thus,by optimizing the seed selection strategy,this paper proposes an efficient heuristic algorithm called improved K-shell in temporal social networks for influence maximization(KTIM).According to the hierarchical distribution of cores,the algorithm adds nodes near the central core to the candidate seed set.It then searches for seeds in the candidate seed set according to the comprehensive degree.Experiments showthatKTIMis close to the best performing improved method for influence maximization of temporal graph(IMIT)algorithm in terms of effectiveness,but runs at least an order of magnitude faster than it.Therefore,considering the effectiveness and efficiency simultaneously in temporal social networks,the KTIM algorithm works better than other baseline algorithms.

Comprehensive Refurbishment of 200 MW Thermal Power Generating Units

This paper introduces the refurbishmentof 200 MW generating units in NortheastPower Network in recent years, to improvetheir operation reliability, economy,adjustability and controllability. It mainlydescribes the advanced technology used inimproving the combustion, optimizingpulverized coal distribution, economizerantiwear and strengthening heat transfer ofboiler sets and the refurbishment effects. Itintroduces technical measures and prot1ts inretro fit of flow passage of triple-flow lowpressure steam turbines, as well as theapplication of digital electronic hydraulic(DEH) govemors to realize the coordinatedcontrol and energy saving of generating units.(I) Refurbish ment of 200 MWBoiler Equipment in NortheastPower NetworkAbstractThis part introduces some measuresperformed to improve the operation level of2OO MW boiler sets of the power plants inNortheast Power Network in recent years.including the application of conce11trated(conc)-weak c0mbustion technology, theresearch and application of high-efficiencypulverized coal classifier, the application ofantiwear economizer and comprehensiveimprovement of insufficient temperature ofmain steam and reheated stean1. Afterrefurbishment the operating econo111y andsafety of the generating units are greatlyimproved.

Developing EFL Students＇ Comprehension and Improving Writing Through Presentations： Success in the UAE

In today＇s globalized world with English as the lingua franca, many countries, including the United Arab Emirates （UAE）, are focusing on English as a medium of instruction （EMI）. Due to the many expatriates resident in the UAE English has become the main language of business, industry, and higher education. This paper looks at one of those English medium universities with an American curriculum. Since most American curriculums require substantial amounts of writing, it is important that students become competent at writing in their second language at this particular institution. This paper discusses how a novel assignment, allowing English as a foreign language （EFL） students to present readings in the classroom at an EMI university in the UAE, has helped them become both better readers and writers. Since the majority of the students are native speakers of Arabic, the project was designed with their oral traditions and proficiency in mind.

Construction of Enterprise Financial Management System Based on Comprehensive Budget Management

Economic development and social progress have put forward new requirements for the construction of corporate financial management system,and the role of comprehensive budget management has become more and more significant,which has been highly valued and paid attention within the enterprise.Based on comprehensive budget management,it can promote the smooth development of daily business activities of the enterprise,continuously improve the level of financial management,create favorable conditions for the construction of the financial management system of the enterprise,and promote the realization of the strategic goals of the enterprise.This paper mainly discusses the construction of enterprise financial management system based on comprehensive budget management,and focuses on some targeted improvement measures.

Potential Analysis of Inefficient Garden Land and Residual Forest Land Remediation in Comprehensive Land Remediation of the Whole Region—A Case Study of Zhemu Town, Guilin City, China

The remediation of inefficient garden land and defective forest land is one of the important sources and types of supplementary cultivated land in the comprehensive land remediation of the whole region. The remediation and development of inefficient garden land and defective forest land will effectively alleviate the multiple pressures faced by cultivated land at present. Taking Zhemu Town, Guilin City, China as an example, on that basis of the data of the third national land survey, using analytic hierarchy process, this paper selects six evaluation factors, including water source, traffic, slope, field concentration, farmland infrastructure and villagers’ will, to study the remediation potential of inefficient garden land and defective forest land in Zhemu Town, and delimits four potential divisions, in order to provide the basis for the arrangement of land remediation projects in Zhemu Town. The results show that the northern, central and western regions of Zhemu Town have great remediation potential.

红土镍矿酸浸渣综合利用进展

近年来随着不锈钢及新能源用镍需求的增长,红土镍矿湿法提镍工艺得到更多应用,相应的红土镍矿酸浸渣堆存量也迅速增加,对此类固废进行科学消纳和资源综合利用迫在眉睫。针对红土镍矿酸浸渣有害元素硫、有价金属铁含量高的特点进行综合利用新技术、新装备研究对红土镍矿湿法冶金工业的持续发展具有重要的理论和现实意义。主要介绍红土镍矿酸浸渣的湿法冶金形成过程及其成分组成和物理化学性质,较为系统地梳理了红土镍矿酸浸渣在尾矿坝堆积、地下压滤回填和深海填埋等直接处理方法,提取利用铁、铬、铝、稀土等有价金属资源,消纳制备硅藻土、陶粒、矿物纤维等建筑材料、制备锂电池电极、沸石等高附加值材料综合利用技术上的研究进展,展望了红土镍矿酸浸渣流态化提铁降硫技术及装备的发展前景。

高电压下多孔材料沿面闪络特性综合实验

针对电气设备复合绝缘在高电压下极易发生沿面闪络故障问题,提出利用多孔结构提升闪络强度的方法,并设计了多孔绝缘材料沿面闪络特性综合实验。利用油/水乳液法制备了多孔聚二甲基硅氧烷材料,通过观测微观形貌分析了材料的孔隙分布特性,实验测试了直流和交流电压下的沿面闪络强度,通过等温表面电位衰减、表面电荷扫描和闪络路径观测探讨了闪络强度提升机理,利用表面流注发展的流体仿真考察了孔隙对沿面放电的影响,揭示了多孔结构的抑制碰撞电离和促进表面电荷消散效应在提升闪络强度中的作用。该实验涉及电气、材料、物理及多物理场模拟,可有效提高学生的实验、仿真及理论分析等方面能力。

椰糠型生态保育基质的水力-入渗特性及配比寻优

[目的]荒漠戈壁因降水量少、蒸发量大等环境因素胁迫,植被稀疏,水土流失严重。探索适宜的土壤改良方法,以提升其保水性、持水性,对于荒漠化防治及戈壁生态农业发展十分重要。[方法]以无椰糠基质组别T0(风沙土∶有机肥∶人造泥炭=7∶3∶1)为对照,对理化性质较好的3组配比椰糠型生态保育基质(风沙土∶椰糠∶有机肥∶人造泥炭=3.5∶3.5∶3∶1或3∶4∶3∶1或2∶5∶3∶1,依次为T1、T2、T3)进行水力-入渗特性试验;利用离心机法测定基质水分与吸力的关系,探究该基质的水力特性;再通过室内定水头土柱入渗试验分析基质的入渗特征;并以测定的各项指标为基础,结合坐标综合评定法进行配比寻优。[结果]T1、T2、T3组别较之T0组别,田间持水量分别增加10.22%,12.13%,14.99%,全有效水含量分别增加8.10%,8.81%,12.83%;在吸力水头的对数值P f=1.8~3.8阶段(基质吸力对数值),各组别比水容量均值大小为T3>T2>T1>T0;根据灰色关联分析,入渗能力大小为T3>T2>T0>T1。[结论]适宜比例椰糠混掺改变基质的有效水含量和孔隙分布比,显著提升基质的保水持水能力。从理化性质、水力及入渗特性角度综合来看,T3配比最优。

基于改进方法的承德地表水环境质量评价

为客观反映地表水水质状况,采用层次分析法和熵权法组合赋权以及加权平均综合评价原则改进模糊综合评价法,并与单因子评价法、内梅罗指数法、传统模糊综合评价法进行比较,评价承德地区地表水环境质量。结果表明:2021年承德地区地表水水质有明显的时空差异性,除7—9月的部分断面水质为较差外,其余断面水质均在Ⅰ~Ⅲ类;影响承德地区地表水水质的主要因子为COD_(Mn)和TP;单因子评价法和内梅罗指数法无法反映整体水质状况,改进的模糊综合评价法相较于传统模糊综合评价法兼顾了各污染因子间相互作用,并弱化了个别水质指标对评价结果的影响,且能够对同一类别水质进行排序,更适用于承德地区地表水环境质量评价。