1. The natural economic conditions of yanchi county Yanchi County (in Ningxia Province, China) lies between the Muwus Desert and theLoess Plateau, its geographical location is a typical transition belt. The view from ...1. The natural economic conditions of yanchi county Yanchi County (in Ningxia Province, China) lies between the Muwus Desert and theLoess Plateau, its geographical location is a typical transition belt. The view from south tonorth: the general configuration of the earth’s surface is from the Loess Plateau to Ordos ta-bleland; the climate is from semi arid to arid. The transition of its geogrophical location pro-vides the area such features which are various,complex and fragile in natural conditions.展开更多
Qaidam Basin in Qinghai Province has rich multiple complex resources with salt lakes as the core.These resources form a special condition for the development of green economy,having rare and particular nature.The
Kaolin ores in Huichang contains these minerals of quartz sand, kaolin, mica and feldspars. In order to recover these valuable resources, some experiments of screening, classification, magnetic separation, grinding an...Kaolin ores in Huichang contains these minerals of quartz sand, kaolin, mica and feldspars. In order to recover these valuable resources, some experiments of screening, classification, magnetic separation, grinding and flotation are carried out on the basis of the kaolin ore properties. The test results indicate that quartz sand concentrate can be directly obtained when vibrating screen size used is 10 meshes. Materials that are smaller than the screen hole are injected to hydraulic cyclones which controlling classification size is 325 meshes; kaolin concentrate containing above 33.70% Al2O3 and 0.37% Fe2O3 can be well beneficiated from the overflow through magnetic separation with one stage rougher and cleaner to remove iron. On the other hand, the hydrocyclone spigot flow to grinding and flotation with one stage rougher and two scavengers, mica and feldspars concentrate can be beneficiated in sequence. Therefore, these valuable minerals of kaolin ores can be realized comprehensive utilization.展开更多
Lithium production in China mainly depends on hard rock lithium ores,which has a defect in resources,environment,and economy compared with extracting lithium from brine.This paper focuses on the research progress of e...Lithium production in China mainly depends on hard rock lithium ores,which has a defect in resources,environment,and economy compared with extracting lithium from brine.This paper focuses on the research progress of extracting lithium from spodumene,lepidolite,petalite,and zinnwaldite by acid,alkali,salt roasting,and chlorination methods,and analyzes the resource intensity,environmental impact,and production cost of industrial lithium extraction from spodumene and lepidolite.It is found that the sulfuric acid method has a high lithium recovery rate,but with a complicated process and high energy consumption;alkali and chlorination methods can directly react with lithium ores,reducing energy consumption,but need to optimize reaction conditions and safety of equipment and operation;the salt roasting method has large material flux and high energy consumption,so require adjustment of sulfate ratio to increase the lithium yield and reduce production cost.Compared with extracting lithium from brine,extracting lithium from ores,calcination,roasting,purity,and other processes consume more resources and energy;and its environmental impact mainly comes from the pollutants discharged by fossil energy,9.3-60.4 times that of lithium extracted from brine.The processing cost of lithium extraction from lepidolite by sulfate roasting method is higher than that from spodumene by sulfuric acid due to the consumption of high-value sulfate.However,the production costs of both are mainly affected by the price of lithium ores,which is less competitive than that of extracting lithium from brine.Thus,the process of extracting lithium from ores should develop appropriate technology,shorten the process flow,save resources and energy,and increase the recovery rate of related elements to reduce environmental impact and improve the added value of by-products and the economy of the process.展开更多
In the background of little reuse and large stockpile for iron ore tailings, iron ore tailing from Chinese Tonghua were used as raw material to prepare cementitious materials. Cementitious properties of the iron ore t...In the background of little reuse and large stockpile for iron ore tailings, iron ore tailing from Chinese Tonghua were used as raw material to prepare cementitious materials. Cementitious properties of the iron ore tailings activated by compound thermal activation were studied. Testing methods, such as XRD, TG-DTA, and IR were used for researching the phase and structure variety of the iron ore railings in the process of compound thermal activation. The results reveal that a new cementitious material that contains 30wt% of the iron ore tailings can be obtained by compounded thermal activation, whose mortar strength can come up to the standard of 42.5 cement of China.展开更多
The Dingbian Saline Lake groups are in Dingbian County,northwest of Shaanxi province,and located on the border area of the Loess Plateau and Maowusu Desert in Northern Shanxi.It’s altitude is more than 1300m.The
The geological anomaly unit method (GAUM) is a new way to delineate and evaluate ore finding targets in line with the “geological anomaly ore finding theory”. Comprehensive ore finding information from geological, g...The geological anomaly unit method (GAUM) is a new way to delineate and evaluate ore finding targets in line with the “geological anomaly ore finding theory”. Comprehensive ore finding information from geological, geochemical and geophysical data is used for quantitative measurement of the “ore forming geological anomaly unit” in this paper. The main procedures are shown as follows: (1) The geo anomalous events associated with gold mineralization are analyzed in Tongshi gold field; (2) The zonation in the concentrated heavy minerals and the stream sediment elements of ore forming geo anomaly are studied in detail; (3) The deep geological structural framework is deduced by means of the synthetic geological interpretation of gravity and magnetic information; (4) The ore controlling geo anomalies and ore anomalies are chosen as the variables of the favorable ore forming indexes that can be used for the quantitative delineation and evaluation of the potential ore forming regions.展开更多
Resource utilization efficiency is one of important factors influencing modern agricultural development. This paper evaluates agricultural resource utilization efficiency of Hebei Province in the Eleventh Five-Year Pl...Resource utilization efficiency is one of important factors influencing modern agricultural development. This paper evaluates agricultural resource utilization efficiency of Hebei Province in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period by dynamic comprehensive evaluation method. Evaluation results indicate that regional disparity in agricultural resource utilization efficiency is significant, and the disparity is increasing year by year.展开更多
The Ironmaking Plant of Tangshan Iron & Steel Co.Ltd.takes clean production as its orientation. It decreases silicon to smelt through increasing the entering furnace sinter ratio,stabilizing coke quality by tackli...The Ironmaking Plant of Tangshan Iron & Steel Co.Ltd.takes clean production as its orientation. It decreases silicon to smelt through increasing the entering furnace sinter ratio,stabilizing coke quality by tackling key problems,increasing coal injection ratio,as well as keeping the blast furnace smooth running and so on.The energy consumption of sinter working procedure has been greatly reduced through optimizing the ore blender structure,enhancing the quality of fuel and flux,increasing the quicklime amount,reclaiming the remaining heat of the annulus cooling system and deepening the material layer to sinter.We have achieved the repetition economy and the secondly resource has been used synthetically with advanced producing technics.The environment around the plant has been greatly improved by preventing,monitoring and fathering the moving pollution root,at the same time,the economy and environment development in phase has been greatly accelerated.展开更多
Baosteel＇s steelmaking has developed greatly over the last 30 years in the areas of hot metal pretreatment, converter, electric arc furnace （EAF）, secondary refining, continuous casting, stainless steel and the com...Baosteel＇s steelmaking has developed greatly over the last 30 years in the areas of hot metal pretreatment, converter, electric arc furnace （EAF）, secondary refining, continuous casting, stainless steel and the comprehensive utilization of resources. The development of technologies, such as clean steel production, mhrstahl heraeus （RH） vacuum refining,a breakout prediction system for slab continuous casting and rotary cylinder slag treatment has created a good environment for the development of value-added products and the comprehensive utilization of resources at Baosteel. This paper describes the direction of development of Baosteel＇ s steelmaking in the future.展开更多
文摘1. The natural economic conditions of yanchi county Yanchi County (in Ningxia Province, China) lies between the Muwus Desert and theLoess Plateau, its geographical location is a typical transition belt. The view from south tonorth: the general configuration of the earth’s surface is from the Loess Plateau to Ordos ta-bleland; the climate is from semi arid to arid. The transition of its geogrophical location pro-vides the area such features which are various,complex and fragile in natural conditions.
文摘Qaidam Basin in Qinghai Province has rich multiple complex resources with salt lakes as the core.These resources form a special condition for the development of green economy,having rare and particular nature.The
文摘Kaolin ores in Huichang contains these minerals of quartz sand, kaolin, mica and feldspars. In order to recover these valuable resources, some experiments of screening, classification, magnetic separation, grinding and flotation are carried out on the basis of the kaolin ore properties. The test results indicate that quartz sand concentrate can be directly obtained when vibrating screen size used is 10 meshes. Materials that are smaller than the screen hole are injected to hydraulic cyclones which controlling classification size is 325 meshes; kaolin concentrate containing above 33.70% Al2O3 and 0.37% Fe2O3 can be well beneficiated from the overflow through magnetic separation with one stage rougher and cleaner to remove iron. On the other hand, the hydrocyclone spigot flow to grinding and flotation with one stage rougher and two scavengers, mica and feldspars concentrate can be beneficiated in sequence. Therefore, these valuable minerals of kaolin ores can be realized comprehensive utilization.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71991484,41971265,72088101,and 71991480)the National Key R&D program of China(2021YFC2901801)。
文摘Lithium production in China mainly depends on hard rock lithium ores,which has a defect in resources,environment,and economy compared with extracting lithium from brine.This paper focuses on the research progress of extracting lithium from spodumene,lepidolite,petalite,and zinnwaldite by acid,alkali,salt roasting,and chlorination methods,and analyzes the resource intensity,environmental impact,and production cost of industrial lithium extraction from spodumene and lepidolite.It is found that the sulfuric acid method has a high lithium recovery rate,but with a complicated process and high energy consumption;alkali and chlorination methods can directly react with lithium ores,reducing energy consumption,but need to optimize reaction conditions and safety of equipment and operation;the salt roasting method has large material flux and high energy consumption,so require adjustment of sulfate ratio to increase the lithium yield and reduce production cost.Compared with extracting lithium from brine,extracting lithium from ores,calcination,roasting,purity,and other processes consume more resources and energy;and its environmental impact mainly comes from the pollutants discharged by fossil energy,9.3-60.4 times that of lithium extracted from brine.The processing cost of lithium extraction from lepidolite by sulfate roasting method is higher than that from spodumene by sulfuric acid due to the consumption of high-value sulfate.However,the production costs of both are mainly affected by the price of lithium ores,which is less competitive than that of extracting lithium from brine.Thus,the process of extracting lithium from ores should develop appropriate technology,shorten the process flow,save resources and energy,and increase the recovery rate of related elements to reduce environmental impact and improve the added value of by-products and the economy of the process.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No.50674062)the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (No.2006BAC21B03)the Post doctoral Science Foundation (No.20070420354)
文摘In the background of little reuse and large stockpile for iron ore tailings, iron ore tailing from Chinese Tonghua were used as raw material to prepare cementitious materials. Cementitious properties of the iron ore tailings activated by compound thermal activation were studied. Testing methods, such as XRD, TG-DTA, and IR were used for researching the phase and structure variety of the iron ore railings in the process of compound thermal activation. The results reveal that a new cementitious material that contains 30wt% of the iron ore tailings can be obtained by compounded thermal activation, whose mortar strength can come up to the standard of 42.5 cement of China.
文摘The Dingbian Saline Lake groups are in Dingbian County,northwest of Shaanxi province,and located on the border area of the Loess Plateau and Maowusu Desert in Northern Shanxi.It’s altitude is more than 1300m.The
文摘The geological anomaly unit method (GAUM) is a new way to delineate and evaluate ore finding targets in line with the “geological anomaly ore finding theory”. Comprehensive ore finding information from geological, geochemical and geophysical data is used for quantitative measurement of the “ore forming geological anomaly unit” in this paper. The main procedures are shown as follows: (1) The geo anomalous events associated with gold mineralization are analyzed in Tongshi gold field; (2) The zonation in the concentrated heavy minerals and the stream sediment elements of ore forming geo anomaly are studied in detail; (3) The deep geological structural framework is deduced by means of the synthetic geological interpretation of gravity and magnetic information; (4) The ore controlling geo anomalies and ore anomalies are chosen as the variables of the favorable ore forming indexes that can be used for the quantitative delineation and evaluation of the potential ore forming regions.
基金Supported by Hebei Province Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project in 2011(201102002)
文摘Resource utilization efficiency is one of important factors influencing modern agricultural development. This paper evaluates agricultural resource utilization efficiency of Hebei Province in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period by dynamic comprehensive evaluation method. Evaluation results indicate that regional disparity in agricultural resource utilization efficiency is significant, and the disparity is increasing year by year.
文摘The Ironmaking Plant of Tangshan Iron & Steel Co.Ltd.takes clean production as its orientation. It decreases silicon to smelt through increasing the entering furnace sinter ratio,stabilizing coke quality by tackling key problems,increasing coal injection ratio,as well as keeping the blast furnace smooth running and so on.The energy consumption of sinter working procedure has been greatly reduced through optimizing the ore blender structure,enhancing the quality of fuel and flux,increasing the quicklime amount,reclaiming the remaining heat of the annulus cooling system and deepening the material layer to sinter.We have achieved the repetition economy and the secondly resource has been used synthetically with advanced producing technics.The environment around the plant has been greatly improved by preventing,monitoring and fathering the moving pollution root,at the same time,the economy and environment development in phase has been greatly accelerated.
文摘Baosteel＇s steelmaking has developed greatly over the last 30 years in the areas of hot metal pretreatment, converter, electric arc furnace （EAF）, secondary refining, continuous casting, stainless steel and the comprehensive utilization of resources. The development of technologies, such as clean steel production, mhrstahl heraeus （RH） vacuum refining,a breakout prediction system for slab continuous casting and rotary cylinder slag treatment has created a good environment for the development of value-added products and the comprehensive utilization of resources at Baosteel. This paper describes the direction of development of Baosteel＇ s steelmaking in the future.
