BACKGROUND The management of hepatoblastoma(HB)becomes challenging when the tumor remains in close proximity to the major liver vasculature(PMV)even after a full course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC).In such cases,e...BACKGROUND The management of hepatoblastoma(HB)becomes challenging when the tumor remains in close proximity to the major liver vasculature(PMV)even after a full course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC).In such cases,extreme liver resection can be considered a potential option.AIM To explore whether computer-assisted three-dimensional individualized extreme liver resection is safe and feasible for children with HB who still have PMV after a full course of NAC.METHODS We retrospectively collected data from children with HB who underwent surgical resection at our center from June 2013 to June 2023.We then analyzed the detailed clinical and three-dimensional characteristics of children with HB who still had PMV after a full course of NAC.RESULTS Sixty-seven children diagnosed with HB underwent surgical resection.The age at diagnosis was 21.4±18.8 months,and 40 boys and 27 girls were included.Fifty-nine(88.1%)patients had a single tumor,39(58.2%)of which was located in the right lobe of the liver.A total of 47 patients(70.1%)had PRE-TEXT III or IV.Thirty-nine patients(58.2%)underwent delayed resection.After a full course of NAC,16 patients still had close PMV(within 1 cm in two patients,touching in 11 patients,compressing in four patients,and showing tumor thrombus in three patients).There were 6 patients of tumors in the middle lobe of the liver,and four of those patients exhibited liver anatomy variations.These 16 children underwent extreme liver resection after comprehensive preoperative evaluation.Intraoperative procedures were performed according to the preoperative plan,and the operations were successfully performed.Currently,the 3-year event-free survival of 67 children with HB is 88%.Among the 16 children who underwent extreme liver resection,three experienced recurrence,and one died due to multiple metastases.CONCLUSION Extreme liver resection for HB that is still in close PMV after a full course of NAC is both safe and feasible.This approach not only reduces the necessity for liver transplantation but also results in a favorable prognosis.Individualized three-dimensional surgical planning is beneficial for accurate and complete resection of HB,particularly for assessing vascular involvement,remnant liver volume and anatomical variations.展开更多
At present,iron and steel enterprises mainly use“after spot test ward”to control final product quality.However,it is impossible to realize on-line quality predetermining for all products by this traditional approach...At present,iron and steel enterprises mainly use“after spot test ward”to control final product quality.However,it is impossible to realize on-line quality predetermining for all products by this traditional approach,hence claims and returns often occur,resulting in major eco-nomic losses of enterprises.In order to realize the on-line quality predetermining for steel products during manufacturing process,the predic-tion models of mechanical properties based on deep learning have been proposed in this work.First,the mechanical properties of deep drawing steels were predicted by using LSTM(long short team memory),GRU(gated recurrent unit)network,and GPR(Gaussian process regression)model,and prediction accuracy and learning efficiency for different models were also discussed.Then,on-line re-learning methods for transfer learning models and model parameters were proposed.The experimental results show that not only the prediction accuracy of optimized trans-fer learning models has been improved,but also predetermining time was shortened to meet real time requirements of on-line property prede-termining.The industrial production data of interstitial-free(IF)steel was used to demonstrate that R2 value of GRU model in training stage reaches more than 0.99,and R2 value in testing stage is more than 0.96.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ganglioneuroblastoma(GNB)is a peripheral neuroblastoma(NB)with malignant degree between highly malignant NB and benign ganglioma(GN).Pathology is the gold standard of diagnosis.Although GNB is not uncommon ...BACKGROUND Ganglioneuroblastoma(GNB)is a peripheral neuroblastoma(NB)with malignant degree between highly malignant NB and benign ganglioma(GN).Pathology is the gold standard of diagnosis.Although GNB is not uncommon in children,biopsy alone may lead to an inaccurate diagnosis,especially for giant tumors.However,surgical resection may be associated with significant complications.Here,we report a case of computer-assisted surgical resection of a giant GNB in a child and successful rescue of the inferior mesenteric artery.CASE SUMMARY A 4-year-old girl was admitted to our department for a giant retroperitoneal lesion,which was considered to be an NB by her local hospital.The symptoms of the girl disappeared spontaneously without treatment.On physical examination,a mass of about 10 cm×7 cm could be palpated in her abdomen.Ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography performed in our hospital also showed an NB,and there was a very thick blood vessel inside the tumor.However,aspiration biopsy revealed GN.Surgical resection is the best treatment option for this giant benign tumor.For precise preoperative evaluation,threedimensional reconstruction was performed.It was clear that the tumor was close to the abdominal aorta.The superior mesenteric vein was pushed forward,and the inferior mesenteric artery passed through the tumor.Because GN generally does not invade blood vessels,we split the tumor with a CUSA knife during the operation and found that there was indeed a straight and intact vascular sheath.Arterial pulsation was observed in the completely exposed inferior mesenteric artery.The pathologists interpreting the tissue finally diagnosed it as a mixed GNB(GNBi),which is more malignant than GN.However,both GN and GNBi usually have a good prognosis.CONCLUSION This was a case of successful surgical resection of a giant GNB,and aspiration biopsy underestimated the pathological staging of the tumor.Preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction assisted with the radical resection of the tumor and rescue of the inferior mesenteric artery.展开更多
Hubei Tianmen Textile Machinery Co.,Ltd.is a well-known enterprise and key high-tech enterprise in China textile industry.The company's leading product,drawing frame,has completely independent intellectual propert...Hubei Tianmen Textile Machinery Co.,Ltd.is a well-known enterprise and key high-tech enterprise in China textile industry.The company's leading product,drawing frame,has completely independent intellectual property rights,among which TM 11 is well received by users and has a high market share in China.展开更多
The inherent teaching approach can no longer meet the demands of society.In this paper,current issues within the teaching landscape of architectural engineering technology in higher vocational colleges as well as the ...The inherent teaching approach can no longer meet the demands of society.In this paper,current issues within the teaching landscape of architectural engineering technology in higher vocational colleges as well as the policies and teaching demands that formed the basis of this model were analyzed.The study shows the importance of the implementation of the teaching model“promoting teaching and learning through competitions.”This model puts emphasis on the curriculum and teaching resources,while also integrating the teaching process and evaluation with competition.These efforts aim to drive education reform in order to better align with the objectives of vocational education personnel training,while also acting as a reference for similar courses.展开更多
During 28-29, September 2005, water was drawn from Hanjiang River and Houguan Lake to the Yangzi River via Sanjiao Lake and Nantaizi Lake in Wuhan in order to provide favorable conditions for ecosystem restoration. To...During 28-29, September 2005, water was drawn from Hanjiang River and Houguan Lake to the Yangzi River via Sanjiao Lake and Nantaizi Lake in Wuhan in order to provide favorable conditions for ecosystem restoration. To evaluate the feasibility and validity of drawing water as a means of ecosystem restoration, zooplankton populations were studied 3 times (before, immediately after finishing and a month after drawing water) at seven locations from 27 Sept. 2005 to 2 Nov. 2005. Water quality in the lakes was mostly improved and zooplankton species richness decreased as soon as drawing water had finished but increased a month after drawing water. Zooplankton density and biomass was reduced in the lakes by drawing water but was increased at the entrance to Sanjiao Lake because of landform geometry change. Before drawing water, most species in Sanjiao Lake e.g., Brachionus sp. and Keratella sp. were tolerant of contamination. After drawing water oligotrophic-prone species such as Lecane ludwigii and Gastropus stylifer emerged. We conclude that drawing water could be important for improving water quality and favour ecosystem restoration. Dilution of nutrient concentrations may be an important role in the effect.展开更多
In this paper, the forming features of tapered rectangular box during hydrodynamic deep drawing are studied by means of FEM.The effect rules of square blank corner corner amount on body wrinkling are recognized and co...In this paper, the forming features of tapered rectangular box during hydrodynamic deep drawing are studied by means of FEM.The effect rules of square blank corner corner amount on body wrinkling are recognized and corresponding methods are discussed. At last, the results of FEM are verified by experi- ment.展开更多
In sheet metal forming, drawbeads are often used to control uneven material flow which may cause defects such as wrinkles, fracture, surface distortion and springback. Appropriate setting and adjusting the drawbead ...In sheet metal forming, drawbeads are often used to control uneven material flow which may cause defects such as wrinkles, fracture, surface distortion and springback. Appropriate setting and adjusting the drawbead force is one of the most important pa- rameters in sheet metal forming process control. This paper derives the model of loop drawbead restraining force (DBRF) using plastic forming theory, and gives the min imum blankholding force. Experiments are carried out to verify the proposed DBRF model. The good agreement between the calculated values and experiments data justi- fies the proposed loop drawbead restraining force model.展开更多
The deformation characteristic of bland in deep drawing is discussed. It is pointed out that the friction and lubrication conditions in for drawing are different from that in mechanical motion or machine work or other...The deformation characteristic of bland in deep drawing is discussed. It is pointed out that the friction and lubrication conditions in for drawing are different from that in mechanical motion or machine work or other plastic process. The common test methods in laboratories are analyzed. It shows that though all those test methods can test the friction coefficient, the probe test method is most suitable for the research of friction and lubrication and the process in deep drawing, for this method is identical with the actual work condition either from the test principle or deformation status of the blank. Last the successful application in the deep drawing simulator newly developed the the probe method are intro- duced in detail.展开更多
The influence of high-density pulsing current on the work-hardening behaviour of H0Cr17Ni6Mn3 and 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steels in wire-drawing deformation processes has been studied. It was found that the drawing stress ...The influence of high-density pulsing current on the work-hardening behaviour of H0Cr17Ni6Mn3 and 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steels in wire-drawing deformation processes has been studied. It was found that the drawing stress and the work-hardening rate of wires were significantly reduced by applying current pulses in drawing process. The work-hardening behavior of the multi-courses drawing deformation can be well described by Hollomon formula σ=κΕn. With the application of current pulses in drawing deformation, the work-hardening exponents of H0Cr17Ni6Mn3 steel wires and 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel wires were reduced by 33% and 45%, respectively, and their work-hardening coefficients were reduced by 41% and 47%, respectively. It was also found that the work-hardening coefficient of wires was reduced with the increment of the frequency of current pulses, while the work-hardening exponents of both steels were insensitive to the pulsing frequency.展开更多
Subsurface macro-inclusions and hooks are detrimental to the surface quality of deep-drawing steel sheets. However, little is known about the relationship between macro-inclusions and hooks. Thus, in this work, two ul...Subsurface macro-inclusions and hooks are detrimental to the surface quality of deep-drawing steel sheets. However, little is known about the relationship between macro-inclusions and hooks. Thus, in this work, two ultralow carbon (ULC) steel slabs and two low carbon (LC) aluminum-killed steel slabs were sampled to study the relationship between hooks and subsurface macro-inclusions, which were detected on the cross-sections of steel samples with an area of 56058 mm2 using an automated scanning electron microscopy/energy-disper-sive X-ray spectroscopy system. Results show that subsurface inclusions larger than 200 μm were almost entrapped by hook structures, whereas the location of other inclusions smaller than 200μm had no obvious dependence on the location of solidified hooks. Furthermore, the number density (ND) of subsurface inclusions larger than 200μm decreased from 0.02 to 0 cm-2 in ULC steel as the mean hook depth decreased from 1.57 to 1.01 mm. Similar trends were also observed in LC steel. In addition, the detected inclusions larger than 200μm were concentrated in the region near the slab center (3/8 width-5/8 width), where hook depths were also larger than those at any other locations. Therefore, minimizing the hook depth is an effective way to reduce inclusion-induced sliver defects in deep-drawing steels.展开更多
A solid-state powerful supercapacitor(SC) is fabricated with a substrate of Xerox paper. Its current collector based on a foldable electronic circuit is developed by simply pencil drawing. Thin graphite sheets on pape...A solid-state powerful supercapacitor(SC) is fabricated with a substrate of Xerox paper. Its current collector based on a foldable electronic circuit is developed by simply pencil drawing. Thin graphite sheets on paper provide effective channels for electron transmission with a low resistance of 95 X sq-1. The conductive organic material of polypyrrole coated on thin graphite sheets acts as the electrode material of the device. The as-fabricated SC exhibits a high specific capacitance of 52.9 F cm-3at a scan rate of 1 m V s-1. An energy storage unit fabricated by three full-charged series SCs can drive a commercial light-emitting diode robustly. This work demonstrated a simple, versatile and costeffective method for paper-based devices.展开更多
In order to meet the forming demands for low plasticity materials and large height-diameter ratio parts, a new process of hydrodynamic deep drawing (HDD) with independent radial hydraulic pressure is proposed. To in...In order to meet the forming demands for low plasticity materials and large height-diameter ratio parts, a new process of hydrodynamic deep drawing (HDD) with independent radial hydraulic pressure is proposed. To investigate the effects of loading paths on the HDD with independent radial hydraulic pressure, the forming process of 5A06 aluminum alloy cylindrical cup with a hemispherical bottom was studied by numerical simulation. By employing the dynamic explicit analytical software ETA/Dynaform based on LS-DYNA3D, the effects of loading paths on the sheet-thickness distribution and surface quality were analyzed. The corresponding relations of the radial hydraulic pressure loading paths and the part's strain status on the forming limit diagram (FLD) were also discussed. The results indicated that a sound match between liquid chamber pressure and independent radial hydraulic pressure could restrain the serious thinning at the hemisphere bottom and that through adjusting radial hydraulic pressure could reduce the radial tensile strain and change the strain paths. Therefore, the drawing limit of the aluminum cylindrical cup with a hemispherical bottom could be increased significantly.展开更多
Basing on warm mechanical property of SUS304 stainless steel and hydro-mechanical deep drawing process, warm hydro-mechanical deep drawing process is proposed and discussed with experiments in this paper. The experime...Basing on warm mechanical property of SUS304 stainless steel and hydro-mechanical deep drawing process, warm hydro-mechanical deep drawing process is proposed and discussed with experiments in this paper. The experiments are performed at four different temperatures. The results show that the formability of stainless steel is improved under the condition of warm temperature. Warm hydro-mechanical deep drawing raises limiting drawing ratio of SUS304 effectively, and limiting drawing ratio 3.3 is obtained, which is beyond 2.0 with conventional deep drawing. The temperature of 90℃ is beneficial to the forming of SUS304 stainless steel, the strain-induced martensite is controlled effectively, and the thickness distribution is more uniform.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82293665Anhui Provincial Department of Education University Research Project,No.2023AH051763.
文摘BACKGROUND The management of hepatoblastoma(HB)becomes challenging when the tumor remains in close proximity to the major liver vasculature(PMV)even after a full course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC).In such cases,extreme liver resection can be considered a potential option.AIM To explore whether computer-assisted three-dimensional individualized extreme liver resection is safe and feasible for children with HB who still have PMV after a full course of NAC.METHODS We retrospectively collected data from children with HB who underwent surgical resection at our center from June 2013 to June 2023.We then analyzed the detailed clinical and three-dimensional characteristics of children with HB who still had PMV after a full course of NAC.RESULTS Sixty-seven children diagnosed with HB underwent surgical resection.The age at diagnosis was 21.4±18.8 months,and 40 boys and 27 girls were included.Fifty-nine(88.1%)patients had a single tumor,39(58.2%)of which was located in the right lobe of the liver.A total of 47 patients(70.1%)had PRE-TEXT III or IV.Thirty-nine patients(58.2%)underwent delayed resection.After a full course of NAC,16 patients still had close PMV(within 1 cm in two patients,touching in 11 patients,compressing in four patients,and showing tumor thrombus in three patients).There were 6 patients of tumors in the middle lobe of the liver,and four of those patients exhibited liver anatomy variations.These 16 children underwent extreme liver resection after comprehensive preoperative evaluation.Intraoperative procedures were performed according to the preoperative plan,and the operations were successfully performed.Currently,the 3-year event-free survival of 67 children with HB is 88%.Among the 16 children who underwent extreme liver resection,three experienced recurrence,and one died due to multiple metastases.CONCLUSION Extreme liver resection for HB that is still in close PMV after a full course of NAC is both safe and feasible.This approach not only reduces the necessity for liver transplantation but also results in a favorable prognosis.Individualized three-dimensional surgical planning is beneficial for accurate and complete resection of HB,particularly for assessing vascular involvement,remnant liver volume and anatomical variations.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52175284)the State Key Lab of Advanced Metals and Materials in University of Science and Technology Beijing (No. 2021ZD08)
文摘At present,iron and steel enterprises mainly use“after spot test ward”to control final product quality.However,it is impossible to realize on-line quality predetermining for all products by this traditional approach,hence claims and returns often occur,resulting in major eco-nomic losses of enterprises.In order to realize the on-line quality predetermining for steel products during manufacturing process,the predic-tion models of mechanical properties based on deep learning have been proposed in this work.First,the mechanical properties of deep drawing steels were predicted by using LSTM(long short team memory),GRU(gated recurrent unit)network,and GPR(Gaussian process regression)model,and prediction accuracy and learning efficiency for different models were also discussed.Then,on-line re-learning methods for transfer learning models and model parameters were proposed.The experimental results show that not only the prediction accuracy of optimized trans-fer learning models has been improved,but also predetermining time was shortened to meet real time requirements of on-line property prede-termining.The industrial production data of interstitial-free(IF)steel was used to demonstrate that R2 value of GRU model in training stage reaches more than 0.99,and R2 value in testing stage is more than 0.96.
基金Supported by Qingdao Civic Science and Technology Program,No.17-3-3-8-nsh.
文摘BACKGROUND Ganglioneuroblastoma(GNB)is a peripheral neuroblastoma(NB)with malignant degree between highly malignant NB and benign ganglioma(GN).Pathology is the gold standard of diagnosis.Although GNB is not uncommon in children,biopsy alone may lead to an inaccurate diagnosis,especially for giant tumors.However,surgical resection may be associated with significant complications.Here,we report a case of computer-assisted surgical resection of a giant GNB in a child and successful rescue of the inferior mesenteric artery.CASE SUMMARY A 4-year-old girl was admitted to our department for a giant retroperitoneal lesion,which was considered to be an NB by her local hospital.The symptoms of the girl disappeared spontaneously without treatment.On physical examination,a mass of about 10 cm×7 cm could be palpated in her abdomen.Ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography performed in our hospital also showed an NB,and there was a very thick blood vessel inside the tumor.However,aspiration biopsy revealed GN.Surgical resection is the best treatment option for this giant benign tumor.For precise preoperative evaluation,threedimensional reconstruction was performed.It was clear that the tumor was close to the abdominal aorta.The superior mesenteric vein was pushed forward,and the inferior mesenteric artery passed through the tumor.Because GN generally does not invade blood vessels,we split the tumor with a CUSA knife during the operation and found that there was indeed a straight and intact vascular sheath.Arterial pulsation was observed in the completely exposed inferior mesenteric artery.The pathologists interpreting the tissue finally diagnosed it as a mixed GNB(GNBi),which is more malignant than GN.However,both GN and GNBi usually have a good prognosis.CONCLUSION This was a case of successful surgical resection of a giant GNB,and aspiration biopsy underestimated the pathological staging of the tumor.Preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction assisted with the radical resection of the tumor and rescue of the inferior mesenteric artery.
文摘Hubei Tianmen Textile Machinery Co.,Ltd.is a well-known enterprise and key high-tech enterprise in China textile industry.The company's leading product,drawing frame,has completely independent intellectual property rights,among which TM 11 is well received by users and has a high market share in China.
文摘The inherent teaching approach can no longer meet the demands of society.In this paper,current issues within the teaching landscape of architectural engineering technology in higher vocational colleges as well as the policies and teaching demands that formed the basis of this model were analyzed.The study shows the importance of the implementation of the teaching model“promoting teaching and learning through competitions.”This model puts emphasis on the curriculum and teaching resources,while also integrating the teaching process and evaluation with competition.These efforts aim to drive education reform in order to better align with the objectives of vocational education personnel training,while also acting as a reference for similar courses.
文摘During 28-29, September 2005, water was drawn from Hanjiang River and Houguan Lake to the Yangzi River via Sanjiao Lake and Nantaizi Lake in Wuhan in order to provide favorable conditions for ecosystem restoration. To evaluate the feasibility and validity of drawing water as a means of ecosystem restoration, zooplankton populations were studied 3 times (before, immediately after finishing and a month after drawing water) at seven locations from 27 Sept. 2005 to 2 Nov. 2005. Water quality in the lakes was mostly improved and zooplankton species richness decreased as soon as drawing water had finished but increased a month after drawing water. Zooplankton density and biomass was reduced in the lakes by drawing water but was increased at the entrance to Sanjiao Lake because of landform geometry change. Before drawing water, most species in Sanjiao Lake e.g., Brachionus sp. and Keratella sp. were tolerant of contamination. After drawing water oligotrophic-prone species such as Lecane ludwigii and Gastropus stylifer emerged. We conclude that drawing water could be important for improving water quality and favour ecosystem restoration. Dilution of nutrient concentrations may be an important role in the effect.
文摘In this paper, the forming features of tapered rectangular box during hydrodynamic deep drawing are studied by means of FEM.The effect rules of square blank corner corner amount on body wrinkling are recognized and corresponding methods are discussed. At last, the results of FEM are verified by experi- ment.
文摘In sheet metal forming, drawbeads are often used to control uneven material flow which may cause defects such as wrinkles, fracture, surface distortion and springback. Appropriate setting and adjusting the drawbead force is one of the most important pa- rameters in sheet metal forming process control. This paper derives the model of loop drawbead restraining force (DBRF) using plastic forming theory, and gives the min imum blankholding force. Experiments are carried out to verify the proposed DBRF model. The good agreement between the calculated values and experiments data justi- fies the proposed loop drawbead restraining force model.
文摘The deformation characteristic of bland in deep drawing is discussed. It is pointed out that the friction and lubrication conditions in for drawing are different from that in mechanical motion or machine work or other plastic process. The common test methods in laboratories are analyzed. It shows that though all those test methods can test the friction coefficient, the probe test method is most suitable for the research of friction and lubrication and the process in deep drawing, for this method is identical with the actual work condition either from the test principle or deformation status of the blank. Last the successful application in the deep drawing simulator newly developed the the probe method are intro- duced in detail.
基金supported by the laboratory foundation of Tsinghua Universitythe'985'research foundation of Tsinghua University
文摘The influence of high-density pulsing current on the work-hardening behaviour of H0Cr17Ni6Mn3 and 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steels in wire-drawing deformation processes has been studied. It was found that the drawing stress and the work-hardening rate of wires were significantly reduced by applying current pulses in drawing process. The work-hardening behavior of the multi-courses drawing deformation can be well described by Hollomon formula σ=κΕn. With the application of current pulses in drawing deformation, the work-hardening exponents of H0Cr17Ni6Mn3 steel wires and 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel wires were reduced by 33% and 45%, respectively, and their work-hardening coefficients were reduced by 41% and 47%, respectively. It was also found that the work-hardening coefficient of wires was reduced with the increment of the frequency of current pulses, while the work-hardening exponents of both steels were insensitive to the pulsing frequency.
文摘Subsurface macro-inclusions and hooks are detrimental to the surface quality of deep-drawing steel sheets. However, little is known about the relationship between macro-inclusions and hooks. Thus, in this work, two ultralow carbon (ULC) steel slabs and two low carbon (LC) aluminum-killed steel slabs were sampled to study the relationship between hooks and subsurface macro-inclusions, which were detected on the cross-sections of steel samples with an area of 56058 mm2 using an automated scanning electron microscopy/energy-disper-sive X-ray spectroscopy system. Results show that subsurface inclusions larger than 200 μm were almost entrapped by hook structures, whereas the location of other inclusions smaller than 200μm had no obvious dependence on the location of solidified hooks. Furthermore, the number density (ND) of subsurface inclusions larger than 200μm decreased from 0.02 to 0 cm-2 in ULC steel as the mean hook depth decreased from 1.57 to 1.01 mm. Similar trends were also observed in LC steel. In addition, the detected inclusions larger than 200μm were concentrated in the region near the slab center (3/8 width-5/8 width), where hook depths were also larger than those at any other locations. Therefore, minimizing the hook depth is an effective way to reduce inclusion-induced sliver defects in deep-drawing steels.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program(2011CB933300)of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China(11204093,11374110)‘the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities’,HUST:2012QN114,2013TS033
文摘A solid-state powerful supercapacitor(SC) is fabricated with a substrate of Xerox paper. Its current collector based on a foldable electronic circuit is developed by simply pencil drawing. Thin graphite sheets on paper provide effective channels for electron transmission with a low resistance of 95 X sq-1. The conductive organic material of polypyrrole coated on thin graphite sheets acts as the electrode material of the device. The as-fabricated SC exhibits a high specific capacitance of 52.9 F cm-3at a scan rate of 1 m V s-1. An energy storage unit fabricated by three full-charged series SCs can drive a commercial light-emitting diode robustly. This work demonstrated a simple, versatile and costeffective method for paper-based devices.
文摘In order to meet the forming demands for low plasticity materials and large height-diameter ratio parts, a new process of hydrodynamic deep drawing (HDD) with independent radial hydraulic pressure is proposed. To investigate the effects of loading paths on the HDD with independent radial hydraulic pressure, the forming process of 5A06 aluminum alloy cylindrical cup with a hemispherical bottom was studied by numerical simulation. By employing the dynamic explicit analytical software ETA/Dynaform based on LS-DYNA3D, the effects of loading paths on the sheet-thickness distribution and surface quality were analyzed. The corresponding relations of the radial hydraulic pressure loading paths and the part's strain status on the forming limit diagram (FLD) were also discussed. The results indicated that a sound match between liquid chamber pressure and independent radial hydraulic pressure could restrain the serious thinning at the hemisphere bottom and that through adjusting radial hydraulic pressure could reduce the radial tensile strain and change the strain paths. Therefore, the drawing limit of the aluminum cylindrical cup with a hemispherical bottom could be increased significantly.
文摘Basing on warm mechanical property of SUS304 stainless steel and hydro-mechanical deep drawing process, warm hydro-mechanical deep drawing process is proposed and discussed with experiments in this paper. The experiments are performed at four different temperatures. The results show that the formability of stainless steel is improved under the condition of warm temperature. Warm hydro-mechanical deep drawing raises limiting drawing ratio of SUS304 effectively, and limiting drawing ratio 3.3 is obtained, which is beyond 2.0 with conventional deep drawing. The temperature of 90℃ is beneficial to the forming of SUS304 stainless steel, the strain-induced martensite is controlled effectively, and the thickness distribution is more uniform.