Reliability of a computerized system for strabismus screening

AIM:To evaluate the reliability of Photo-Hirschberg screening for global strabismus performed by non-specialized personnel.METHODS:Participants at three sites were enrolled.One person at each site was trained in visual acuity measurement and use of the computerized system.Visual acuity was measured,and strabismus testing was performed using two flash photographs.All data from the three primary observers were sent to an experienced assistant researcher,who was blinded to the primary results,for re-evaluation.The primary and re-evaluation results of the Photo-Hirschberg screenings using weighted kappa for agreement were compared.RESULTS:The study included 181 participants(88 males and 93 females)and the results for primary and re-evaluation screenings were corresponded.Ten participants with contrasting results presented with unclear corneal light reflex.Sensitivity and specificity were 100%[95%confidence interval(CI):29.0%-100%]and 99.4%(95%CI:96.6%-100%),respectively,based on the Agresti test of the primary evaluation,considering the re-evaluated classification as true.CONCLUSION:The computerized system can be used for primary strabismus screening by non-specialized personnel,with 98.8%agreement with specialists.However,it cannot be used as a substitute for professional examination.

COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION OF MOLTEN SALT SOLUTION OF Li,KF,Cl SYSTEM BY MOLECULAR DYNAMIC METHOD

The structure and properties of molten salt solution o J Li,K|F,Cl system have been investiged by computerized simulation of molecular dynamic method.The partial RDF,the partial molar energy of mixing and the diffusion coeffients of Li^+,K^+,F^- and Cl^- have been calculated. The results are in agreement with the experimental values.The regularities of the distribution of ions and mieroscopic holes are discussed based on the results of computerized simulation.

AN ANALYSIS OF ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OFCLEFT PALATE SPEECH WITH COMPUTERIZED SPEECH SIGNAL PROCESSING SYSTEM

The acoustic characteristics or the chinese vowels of 24 children with cleft palate and 10 normal control children were analyzed by computerized speech signal processing system (CSSPS),and the speech articulation was judged with Glossary of clert palate speech(GCPS).The listening judgement showed that the speech articulation was significantly different between the two groups(P<0.01).The objective quantitative measurement suggested that the formant pattern(FP)of vowels in children with cleft palate was different from that of normal control children except vowel[a](P< 0.05).The acoustic vowelgraph or the Chinese vowels which demonstrated directly the relationship of vocal space and speech perception was stated with the first formant frequence(F1)and the second formant frequence(F2).The authors conclude that the values or F1 and F2 point out the upward and backward tongue movement to close the clert, which reflects the vocal characteristics of trausmission of clert palate speech.

Mediation of Computerized Accounting System （CAS） Adoption on Relationship Between Environmental Uncertainty and Organizational Performance

This paper investigates the mediation of the adoption of computerized accounting system （CAS） on the relationship between environmental uncertainty and organizational performance. The authors use factor analysis, path analysis, and regression model to examine the effects of CAS adoption on the relationship between environmental uncertainty and organizational performance. The findings reveal that the adoption level of CAS is positively associated with organizational characteristics, environmental uncertainty, and organizational performance, and the usage of CAS has a statistically significant mediating effect on the relationship between environmental uncertainty and organizational performance. This paper will be significant to business managers in the decision to adopt CAS.

Computerized Simulation of the Structure of Molten DyF_3-LiF System

The structure of molten DyF_3-LiF system has been simulated by Monte Carlo method.The radial distribution functions(RDFs)and the local structure have been obtained.It is concluded that F^- ions distribute closely around Dy^(3+) ions.There exist some fissures and holes between F^- ions and Li^+ ions. There are mainly two kinds of ionic types:the complex ions like DyF_n^(3-n) clusters with the central Dy^(3+) ions (the main ionic clusters are octahedral complex ions like DyF_6^(3-))and the“free”Li^+ ions.Moreover,some complex ions like DyF_n^(3-n) clusters are connected to one another by flourine-bridge,forming more compli- cated ionic clusters like Dy_m^(3m-n) F_n.By calculating the potential energies of all types of ions,it is concluded that Li^+ ions have the highest potential energy in the molten system,which are current-carrying ions in the electrolytic conductance.

Compilation and Analysis Method for Computer Aided Pattern Design System Based on Fully-Fashioned Computerized Flat Knitting Machine

The knitting industry CAD/CAM system＇s development needs a solution of computer representation of the designed objects. One of them is a transformation of knitting rows and stitches form knitting pattern and its automatic analysis is to control data from the knitting design data. A method of the pattern CAD system including the analyzing and the compiling of the pattern data was developed in this paper. By rasterizing the pattern map, the drafted pattern could be compiled into knitting row data and stitches. The storage format of knitting rows data and stitches data could be defined by analyzing the motion of computerized fiat knitting machine. By reassembling the control data, it could be analyzed into the execute data of the controller in computerized fiat knitting machine. This method mainly focused on the weak areas of multi-needle-bed technology and fully-fashioned knitting technology in inland and could be applied to most of control systems in the master-slave mode. The knitting row data and pattern row data in a ＂ ＊. ptn＂ format file were integrated. Giving a corresponding analytic calculation process of control data and realizing independent development of the upper machine and the lower machine, the final knitting control data not only have low computation and transmission cost but also have fast transfer speeds.

COMPUTERIZED PREDICTION OF INTERACTION PARAMETERSAND PHASE DIAGRAMS OF CONTINUOUS SOLID SOLUTION OFBINARY ALLOY SYSTEMS

The artificial neural network method has been applied to the relationship between the atomic parameters and intemction packeters of binary alloy Phases, and the principle of thermodynamics in combination with artificial neural network method has been used for the computerized phase diagrams of continuous solid solution of bigamy alloy systems. The computerized phase diagrams well agree with the real phase diagmms.

Computerized tomography-guided therapeutic percutaneous puncture catheter drainage-combined with somatostatin for severe acute pancreatitis: An analysis of efficacy and safety

BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP),a condition with rapid onset,critical condition and unsatisfactory prognosis,poses a certain threat to human health,warranting optimization of relevant treatment plans to improve treatment efficacy.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of computerized tomography-guided the-rapeutic percutaneous puncture catheter drainage(CT-TPPCD)combined with somatostatin(SS)in the treatment of SAP.METHODS Forty-two SAP patients admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from June 2020 to June 2023 were selected.On the basis of routine treatment,20 patients received SS therapy(control group)and 22 patients were given CT-TPPCD plus SS intervention(research group).The efficacy,safety(pancreatic fistula,intra-abdominal hemorrhage,sepsis,and organ dysfunction syndrome),abdominal bloating and pain relief time,bowel recovery time,hospital stay,inflammatory indicators(C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and pro-calcitonin),and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE)II score of both groups were evaluated for comparison.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the research group had a markedly higher total effective rate,faster abdominal bloating and pain relief and bowel recovery,INTRODUCTION Pancreatitis,an inflammatory disease occurring in the pancreatic tissue,is classified as either acute or chronic and is associated with high morbidity and mortality,imposing a socioeconomic burden[1,2].The pathogenesis of this disease involves early protease activation,activation of nuclear factor kappa-B-related inflammatory reactions,and infiltration of immune cells[3].Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)is a serious condition involving systemic injury and subsequent possible organ failure,accounting for 20%of all acute pancreatitis cases[4].SAP is also characterized by rapid onset,critical illness and unsatisfactory prognosis and is correlated with serious adverse events such as systemic inflammatory response syn-drome and acute lung injury,threatening the health of patients[5,6].Therefore,timely and effective therapeutic inter-ventions are of great significance for improving patient prognosis and ensuring therapeutic effects.Somatostatin(SS),a peptide hormone that can be secreted by endocrine cells and the central nervous system,is in-volved in the regulatory mechanism of glucagon and insulin synthesis in the pancreas[7].It has complex and pleiotropic effects on the gastrointestinal tract,which can inhibit the release of gastrointestinal hormones and negatively modulate the exocrine function of the stomach,pancreas and bile,while exerting a certain influence on the absorption of the di-gestive system[8,9].SS has shown certain clinical effectiveness when applied to SAP patients and can regulate the severity of SAP and immune inflammatory responses,and this regulation is related to its influence on leukocyte apoptosis and adhesion[10,11].Computerized tomography-guided therapeutic percutaneous puncture catheter drainage(CT-TPPCD)is a surgical procedure to collect lesion fluid and pus samples from necrotic lesions and perform puncture and drainage by means of CT image examination and precise positioning[12].In the research of Liu et al[13],CT-TPPCD applied to pa-tients undergoing pancreatic surgery contributes to not only good curative effects but also a low surgical risk.Baudin et al[14]also reported that CT-TPPCD has a clinical success rate of 64.6%in patients with acute infectious necrotizing pan-creatitis,with nonfatal surgery-related complications found in only two cases,suggesting that this procedure is clinically effective and safe in the treatment of the disease.In light of the limited studies on the efficacy and safety of SS plus CT-TPPCD in SAP treatment,this study performed a relevant analysis to improve clinical outcomes in SAP patients.

The computerized LASSI-BC Test versus the Standard LASSI-L Paper-and-Pencil Version in Community-Based-Samples

Proactive Semantic Interference (PSI) and failure to recover from PSI (frPSI), are novel constructs assessed by the LASSI-L. These measures are sensitive to cognitive changes in early Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and preclinical AD determined by Aβ load using PET. The goal of this study was to compare a new computerized version of the LASSI-L (LASSI-Brief Computerized) to the standard paper-and-pencil version of the test. In this study, we examined 110 cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults and 79 with amnestic MCI (aMCI) who were administered the paper-and-pencil form of the LASSI-L. Their performance was compared with 62 CU older adults and 52 aMCI participants examined using the LASSI-BC. After adjustment for covariates (degree of initial learning, sex, education, and language of evaluation) both the standard and computerized versions distinguished between aMCI and CU participants. The performance of CU and aMCI groups using either form was relatively commensurate. Importantly, an optimal combination of Cued B2 recall and Cued B1 intrusions on the LASSI-BC yielded an area under the ROC curve of .927, a sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 88.1%, relative to an area under the ROC curve of .815, a sensitivity of 72.5%, and a specificity of 79.1% obtained for the paper-and-pencil LASSI-L. Overall, the LASSI-BC was comparable, and in some ways, superior to the paper-and-pencil LASSI-L. Advantages of the LASSI-BC include a more standardized administration, suitability for remote assessment, and an automated scoring mechanism that can be verified by a built-in audio recording of responses.

A systematic review on the imaging findings in auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder

Purpose:The present systematic review examined imaging findings in the Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder(ANSD)population.Methods:Electronic databases such as Pub Med,Google Scholar,J Gate,and Science Direct were used to conduct a literature search.The articles retrieved through the literature search were assessed in two stages.In the first stage,title and abstract screening were done;in the second stage,a full-length article review was done.From the 379 shortlisted records,19 articles were chosen for the full-length review.Results:The selected articles performed imaging using Computerized tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).In most studies,cochlear nerve deficiency(CND)was the most prevalent anomaly in the ANSD group.Also,MRI was the imaging modality of choice recommended in most studies.It was also noted that CND was a characteristic feature of unilateral ANSD.Conclusion:From this systematic review,it is clear that integrating imaging studies into diagnostic protocol would help to understand the underlying pathology better and expedite decision-making and intervention for ANSD patients.

Study on sex differences and potential clinical value of threedimensional computerized tomography pelvimetry in rectal cancer patients

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic rectal cancer radical surgery is a complex procedure affected by various factors.However,the existing literature lacks standardized parameters for the pelvic region and soft tissues,which hampers the establishment of consistent conclusions.AIM To comprehensively assess 16 pelvic and 7 soft tissue parameters through computerized tomography(CT)-based three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction,providing a strong theoretical basis to address challenges in laparoscopic rectal cancer radical surgery.METHODS We analyzed data from 218 patients who underwent radical laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer,and utilized CT data for 3D pelvic reconstruction.Specific anatomical points were carefully marked and measured using advanced 3D modeling software.To analyze the pelvic and soft tissue parameters,we emp-loyed statistical methods including paired sample t-tests,Wilcoxon rank-sum tests,and correlation analysis.RESULTS The investigation highlighted significant sex disparities in 14 pelvic bone parameters and 3 soft tissue parameters.Males demonstrated larger measurements in pelvic depth and overall curvature,smaller measurements in pelvic width,a larger mesorectal fat area,and a larger anterior-posterior abdominal diameter.By contrast,females exhibited wider pelvises,shallower depth,smaller overall curvature,and an increased amount of subcutaneous fat tissue.However,there were no significant sex differences observed in certain parameters such as sacral curvature height,superior pubococcygeal diameter,rectal area,visceral fat area,waist circumference,and transverse abdominal diameter.CONCLUSION The reconstruction of 3D CT data enabled accurate pelvic measurements,revealing significant sex differences in both pelvic and soft tissue parameters.This study design offer potential in predicting surgical difficulties and creating personalized surgical plans for male rectal cancer patients with a potentially“difficult pelvis”,ultimately improving surgical outcomes.Further research and utilization of these parameters could lead to enhanced surgical methods and patient care in laparoscopic rectal cancer radical surgery.

Computerized cognitive remediation therapy on cognitive impairment and social function in patients with chronic schizophrenia

BACKGROUND Patients with schizophrenia may have various disease manifestations,most of which gradually tend toward incurable chronic decline,leading to mental disability.The basic symptoms of the disease can impair social function,whereas long-term hospitalization produces hospitalization syndrome,causing serious damage to social function.AIM To investigate the effects of Computerized Cognitive Remediation Therapy(CCRT)on cognitive and social functioning in patients with chronic schizophrenia.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 120 patients with chronic schizophrenia in Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center was performed.They were divided into an intervention group(60 cases treated with CCRT combined with conventional medication)and a control group(60 cases treated with conventional medication).After treatment,effects on cognitive function and social roles were observed in both groups.The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)was used to assess the patients'psychiatric symptoms.The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST)was used to assess the patients'cognitive functioning,and the Social Functioning Scale for Psychiatric Inpatients(SSPI)was used to assess the social functioning of the inpatient psychiatric patients.RESULTS No significant differences were observed in the PANSS,WCST,and SSPI intergroup scores before treatment(P>0.05).After 2,4,and 6 wk of therapy,general psychopathological factors,positive symptoms,negative symptoms,and total PANSS scores of PANSS in the intervention group were lower than in the control group(P<0.05).After 2,4,and 6 wk of treatment,the number of false responses,number of persistent bugs,and total responses in the WCST were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group(P<0.05),and the amount of completed classification was significantly higher than in the control group(P<0.05).After 2,4,and 6 wk of therapy,the SSPI scores were significantly greater than those of the controls(P<0.05).After 6 wk of treatment,the efficacy rates of the control and intervention groups were 81.67%and 91.67%,respectively.The curative effect in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION CCRT can significantly improve cognitive function and social abilities in patients with chronic schizophrenia.

COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON SOFT-SWITCHING ARC WELDING INVERTER POWER SOURCE

Based on the existing component models in the Pspice software package, a combined model for Insulat- ed the Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) is established, in which a non - linear is introduced to represent the parasitic capacitance. Using this model, computerized simulation is conducted for the FB - ZVZCS - PWM soft - ewitching converter,the switching and energy-transferring characteristics of the components are analyzed.The simulation results are testified by experiments.It is proved that by abopting appropriate models,computerized simulation becomes an effective tool for investigation of arc welding inverter power source.

Identification of Porphyra lines using computerized DNA fingerprinting

RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) analysis was performed with filaments of 15 Porphyra lines representing four important groups (P. yezoensis, P. haitanensis, P. katadai var. Hemiphylla and P. digospermatangia). Eight stable and repeatable RAPD bands amplified with two primers, OPN-02 and OPJ-18, were selected for the construction of DNA fingerprinting. The RAPD results were scored based on the presence or absence of each of the 8 bands and then converted to computer language expressed with two digitals, 1 and 0, which represented the presence (numbered as 1) or absence (numbered as 0) of each band, respectively. Based on these results, a model DNA fingerprint and a computerized DNA fingerprint were constructed. In the constructed DNA fingerprint, each Porphyra line has its unique fingerprinting pattern and can be easily distinguished from each other. Later, a software, named as PhGI, was designed based on this DNA fingerprinting. It can be used in practical Porphyra line identification.

Adult reference values of the computerized diplopia test

AIM： To estimate the adult reference values for measured deviations by a computerized diplopia test and testify the validity.METHODS： Totally 391 participants were recruited and taken the computerized diplopia test. The plots and amplitude of deviations were recorded. The differences in different gender, age and visual acuity groups were analyzed respectively. Of 30 subjects were enrolled to testify the interobserver reliability. Another 46 subjects（including 26 normal subjects and 20 patients） were taken the test and theirs deviations were recorded to testify the validity of the reference value.RESULTS： The max horizontal and vertical deviations were 2.55° and 0.76° with normal corrected visual acuity while 3.88° and 1.46° for subjects with poor corrected vision. The differences between age groups was insignificant（Z =3.615, 4.758; P =0.461, 0.313 for horizontal and vertical respectively）. The max horizontal deviation of female was smaller than male（Z =-2.177; P =0.029）,but the difference in max vertical deviation was insignificant（Z =-1.296; P =0.195）. The mean difference between observers were both-0.1°, with 95% confidence limits（CI） of-1.4° and 1.6° in max horizontal deviations while-2.1° and 1.8° in max vertical deviation. The mean deviation of 26 normal subjects was 1.02° ±0.84° for horizontal and 0.47° ±0.30° for vertical which both within the range of reference values. The mean deviation of 20 patients was 13.51°±11.69° for horizontal and 8.34°±8.58°for vertical which both beyond the reference range.CONCLUSION： The max amplitude of horizontal and vertical deviation is pointed as the numerical parameters of computerized diplopia test. The reference values are different between normal corrected visual acuity and poor corrected vision. These values may useful for evaluating patients with diplopia in veriety conditions during clinical practice.

Peripancreatic collections in acute pancreatitis: Correlation between computerized tomography and operative fi ndings

AIM: To evaluate the ability of contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CECT) to characterize the nature of peripancreatic collections.METHODS: Twenty five patients with peripancreatic collections on CECT and who underwent operative intervention for severe acute pancreatitis were retrospectively studied. The collections were classified into (1) necrosis without frank pus; (2) necrosis with pus; and (3) fluid without necrosis. A blinded radiologist assessed the preoperative CTs of each patient for necrosis and peripancreatic fluid collections. Peripancreatic collections were described in terms of volume, location, number, heterogeneity, fluid attenuation, wall perceptibility, wall enhancement, presence of extraluminal gas, and vascular compromise.RESULTS: Fifty-four collections were identif ied at operation, of which 45 (83%) were identif ied on CECT. Of these, 25/26 (96%) had necrosis without pus, 16/19 (84%) had necrosis with pus, and 4/9 (44%) had fluid without necrosis. Among the study characteristics, fluid heterogeneity was seen in a greater proportion of collections in the group with necrosis and pus, compared to the other two groups (94% vs 48% and 25%, P = 0.002 and 0.003, respectively). Among the wall characteristics, irregularity was seen in a greater proportion of collections in the groups with necrosis with and without pus, when compared to the group with fluid without necrosis (88% and 71% vs 25%, P = 0.06 and P < 0.01, respectively). The combination of heterogeneity and presence of extraluminal gas had a specif icity and positive likelihood ratio of 92% and 5.9, respectively, in detecting pus. CONCLUSION: Most of the peripancreatic collections seen on CECT in patients with severe acute pancreatitis who require operative intervention contain necrotic tissue. CECT has a somewhat limited role in differentiating the different types of collections.

Positron emission tomography/computerized tomography in the evaluation of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of prostate

Primary malignant lymphoma of the prostate is exceedingly rare.Here we report a case of a 65-year-old man who presented with increased urinary frequency,urinary urgency,and urinary incontinence for two years.Benign prostatic hypertrophy was suspected at primary impression.Ultrasound revealed a hypoechoic lesion of the prostate.The total serum prostate-specific antigen was within normal range.Positron emission tomography/computerized tomography(PET/CT)showed a hypermetabolic prostatic lesion.Prostate biopsy was consistent with a non-germinal center diffuse large B cell lymphoma.There was complete remission of the prostatic lesion following six cycles of chemotherapy as shown on the second PET/CT imaging.18F-fluoro-deoxy glucose PET/CT is not only a complement to conventional imaging,but also plays a significant role in the diagnosis and evaluation of treatment response of prostatic lymphoma.

Application of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Computerized Tomography in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

In order to investigate the application of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy （ill-MRS） and computerized tomography （CT） in the quantitative diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） and evaluation of therapeutic effects, 22 patients with NAFLD were selected according to the Chinese Medical Association＇s （CMA） standard of the NAFLD in comparison with 20 healthy volunteers （as control group）. Blood samples for biochemistry were collected. The severity of hepatosteatosis was evaluated by ^1H-MRS scan and CT scan of liver. The intrahepatic content of lipid （IHCL） and CT value ratio of liver to spleen were calculated. The patients in NAFLD group were treated with Ganzhixiao Capsule for 8 weeks. The changes in IHCL and CT value ratio of liver to spleen were observed before and after treatment. In NAFLD group serum ALT, TG, IHCL calculated by ^1HMRS were increased and CT value ratio of liver to spleen decreased significantly as compared with control group. After treatment for 8 weeks serum ALT, TG, IHCL were decreased significantly, while CT value ratio of liver to spleen increased significantly in NAFLD group. It was suggested that IHCL could be measured precisely by ^1HMRS. NAFLD was treated effectively by Ganzhixiao capsule.

The Clinical Application of Computerized Three-Dimensional Mimic Operation for Maxillofacial Bone Tumor

Facial bone, as the frame to support maxillofacial region and with several sinuses and cavities, is structurally complicated and the maxillofacial tumors,benign or malignant, in this region usually grows into the deep tissues, sinus-cav-ities and orbit and destroys the bone. In this study, the maxillofacial tumors were subjected to a mimic operation on a computer following CT scanning and 3-dimen-sional reconstruction. The data similar to those of real operation were obtained,which could be used for developing operative plans. As compared with data on the basis of conditions in the real operation, computerized mimic operation reflected the real conditions during operation. Computerized mimic operation is valuable for the preoperative planning and the prediction of probable intraoperative events.

Pore structure of ore granular media by computerized tomography image processing

The pore structure images of ore particles located at different heights of leaching column were scanned with X-ray computerized tomography (CT) scanner, the porosity and pore size distribution were calculated and the geometrical shape and connectivity of pores were analyzed based on image process method, and the three dimensional reconstruction of pore structure images was realized. The results show that the porosity of ore particles bed in leaching column is 42.92%, 41.72%, 39.34% at top, middle and bottom zone, respectively. Obviously it has spatial variability and decreases appreciably along the height of the column. The overall average porosity obtained by image processing is 41.33% while the porosity gotten from general measurement method in laboratory is 42.77% showing the results of both methods are consistent well. The pore structure of ore granular media is characterized as a dynamical space network composed of interconnected pore bodies and pore throats. The ratio of throats with equivalent diameter less than 1.91 mm to the total pores is 29.31%, and that of the large pores with equivalent diameter more than 5.73 mm is 2.90%.