A novel type of n/i/i/p heterojunction solar cell with a-Si：H（15 nm）/a-Si：H（10 nm）/epitaxial c-Si（47 p.m）/epitaxial c-Si（3 um） structure is fabricated by using the layer transfer technique, and the emitter l...A novel type of n/i/i/p heterojunction solar cell with a-Si：H（15 nm）/a-Si：H（10 nm）/epitaxial c-Si（47 p.m）/epitaxial c-Si（3 um） structure is fabricated by using the layer transfer technique, and the emitter layer is deposited by hot wire chemical vapour deposition. The effect of the doping concentration of the emitter layer Sd （Sd=PH3/（PH3 ＋SiH4＋H2）） on the performance of the solar cell is studied by means of current density-voltage and external quantum efficiency. The results show that the conversion efficiency of the solar cell first increases to a maximum value and then decreases with Sd increasing from 0.1% to 0.4%. The best performance of the solar cell is obtained at Sd = 0.2% with an open circuit voltage of 534 mV, a short circuit current density of 23.35 mA/cm2, a fill factor of 63.3%, and a conversion efficiency of 7.9%.展开更多
Passive Direct methanol fuel cells(DMFC)are more suitable for charging small capacity electronic devices.In passive DMFC,the fuel and oxidant are supplied by diffusion and natural convection process on the anode and c...Passive Direct methanol fuel cells(DMFC)are more suitable for charging small capacity electronic devices.In passive DMFC,the fuel and oxidant are supplied by diffusion and natural convection process on the anode and cathode sides respectively.Current collectors(CC)play a vital importance in fuel cell performance.This paper presents the combined impact of perforated and wire mesh current collectors(WMCC)on passive DMFC performance.Three types of open ratios of perforated current collectors(PCC),such as 45.40%,55.40%and 63.40%and two types of wire mesh current collectors with open ratios of 38.70%and 45.40%were chosen for the experimental work.A combination of TaguchiL9 rule is considered.A combination of three PCC and two WMCC on both anode and cathode was used.Methanol concentration was varied from 1 mol·L^(-1)-5 mol·L^(-1)for nine combinations of PCC and WMCC.From the experimental results,it is noticed that the combination of PCC and WMCC with an open ratio of 55.40%and 38.70%incorporated passive DMFC produced peak power density at 5 mol·L^(-1)of methanol concentration.The passive DMFC performance was evaluated in terms of maximum power density and maximum current density.The combined current collectors of PCC and WMCC open ratios of 55.40%+38.70%have more stable voltage than single PCC of open ratio 63.40%at 4 mol·L^(-1)of methanol concentration.展开更多
A study was conducted for the development of value added dahi by incorporating fruit pulps, cereal flour and whey proteins concentrate （WHC） to increase the nutritional and sensory quality. Value added dahi （VAD） ...A study was conducted for the development of value added dahi by incorporating fruit pulps, cereal flour and whey proteins concentrate （WHC） to increase the nutritional and sensory quality. Value added dahi （VAD） was prepared by using skim milk, oat flour and WPC. VAD with 1% oat flour, 1% whey protein concentrate was found to be highly acceptable by sensory evaluation and curd tension study. Statistically there was a highly significant difference （P 〈 0.05） between skim milk dahi （control） and VAD VAD scored highest sensory score for all the sensory parameters studied. Curd tension found to be markedly increased in value added dahi with increased firmness of the product. Value added stirred dahi was prepared with oat flour, whey protein concentrate, papaya, fig pulps and sugar with different combination in order to assess the suitable level of addition with maximum acceptability. Value added stirred dahi （VADl） with 1% oat flour, 1% WPC, 5% papaya pulp, 4% sugar combination was found to be acceptable among the other combinations. Storage studies evaluated by sensory score revealed that the value added dahi can be stored up to 7 days at 5 ^（2. A significant increase in acidity and decrease in pH were noticed in the VAD1 during the storage period but within the permissible limit. Statistical analysis revealed no significance difference （P 〉 0.05） in total count and yeast and mould count between VAD0 （control） and VADl during storage 5 ~C. Total yield of value added dahi increased along with cost of production due to increased cost of ingredients （fruits and whey protein concentrate） used for value addition.展开更多
目的探讨三联抗生素糊剂(TAP)联合浓缩生长因子(CGF)治疗对年轻恒牙血运重建的影响。方法选取沧州市人民医院2019年6月~2021年6月收治的154例年轻恒牙牙髓坏死患者,根据随机数表法分为CGF组(n=77)和血凝组(n=77)。血凝组患者采取TAP联...目的探讨三联抗生素糊剂(TAP)联合浓缩生长因子(CGF)治疗对年轻恒牙血运重建的影响。方法选取沧州市人民医院2019年6月~2021年6月收治的154例年轻恒牙牙髓坏死患者,根据随机数表法分为CGF组(n=77)和血凝组(n=77)。血凝组患者采取TAP联合血凝块支架治疗,CGF组采用TAP联合CGF支架治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效、牙根长度、根管壁厚、咬合力及炎症指标水平。结果CGF组治疗总有效率明显高于血凝组(93.51%vs.81.82%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.863,P<0.05)。CGF组术后6个月时牙根长度[(8.58±0.22)mm vs.(8.49±0.24)mm]、根管壁厚[(2.98±0.27)mm vs.(2.83±0.26)mm]和咬合力[(56.09±8.02)kg vs.(49.28±8.49)kg]明显大于血凝组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.235、3.596、4.092,P<0.05)。CGF组术后3个月时血清白细胞介素-1β[(3.21±1.21)pg ml vs.(4.06±1.16)pg ml]、白细胞介素-6[(12.26±1.86)pg ml vs.(13.49±1.93)pg ml]及肿瘤坏死因子-α[(4.21±1.05)pg ml vs.(5.09±1.21)pg ml]水平低于血凝组,差异有统计学意义(t=5.453、3.937、3.891,P<0.05)。两组患者术后牙龈红肿(2.60%vs.5.19%)、填充物脱落(3.90%vs.2.60%)、根尖周炎复发率(1.30%vs.3.90%)、牙体变色率(11.69%vs.16.8%)差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.694、0.207、1.027、0.848,P>0.05。结论TAP联合CGF支架应用于年轻恒牙血运重建的疗效显著,可有效降低炎症反应,促进牙根发育,提高牙齿咬合力。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2006AA03Z219)the Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education, China (Grant No. CXZZ11 0206)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China
文摘A novel type of n/i/i/p heterojunction solar cell with a-Si：H（15 nm）/a-Si：H（10 nm）/epitaxial c-Si（47 p.m）/epitaxial c-Si（3 um） structure is fabricated by using the layer transfer technique, and the emitter layer is deposited by hot wire chemical vapour deposition. The effect of the doping concentration of the emitter layer Sd （Sd=PH3/（PH3 ＋SiH4＋H2）） on the performance of the solar cell is studied by means of current density-voltage and external quantum efficiency. The results show that the conversion efficiency of the solar cell first increases to a maximum value and then decreases with Sd increasing from 0.1% to 0.4%. The best performance of the solar cell is obtained at Sd = 0.2% with an open circuit voltage of 534 mV, a short circuit current density of 23.35 mA/cm2, a fill factor of 63.3%, and a conversion efficiency of 7.9%.
基金Department of Science and Technology-Science and Enginering Research Board(DST-SERB)Government of India and Technical Education Quality Improvement-II-Centre of Excellence(TEQlP-II-CoE)National Institute of Technology Warangal,India.
文摘Passive Direct methanol fuel cells(DMFC)are more suitable for charging small capacity electronic devices.In passive DMFC,the fuel and oxidant are supplied by diffusion and natural convection process on the anode and cathode sides respectively.Current collectors(CC)play a vital importance in fuel cell performance.This paper presents the combined impact of perforated and wire mesh current collectors(WMCC)on passive DMFC performance.Three types of open ratios of perforated current collectors(PCC),such as 45.40%,55.40%and 63.40%and two types of wire mesh current collectors with open ratios of 38.70%and 45.40%were chosen for the experimental work.A combination of TaguchiL9 rule is considered.A combination of three PCC and two WMCC on both anode and cathode was used.Methanol concentration was varied from 1 mol·L^(-1)-5 mol·L^(-1)for nine combinations of PCC and WMCC.From the experimental results,it is noticed that the combination of PCC and WMCC with an open ratio of 55.40%and 38.70%incorporated passive DMFC produced peak power density at 5 mol·L^(-1)of methanol concentration.The passive DMFC performance was evaluated in terms of maximum power density and maximum current density.The combined current collectors of PCC and WMCC open ratios of 55.40%+38.70%have more stable voltage than single PCC of open ratio 63.40%at 4 mol·L^(-1)of methanol concentration.
文摘A study was conducted for the development of value added dahi by incorporating fruit pulps, cereal flour and whey proteins concentrate （WHC） to increase the nutritional and sensory quality. Value added dahi （VAD） was prepared by using skim milk, oat flour and WPC. VAD with 1% oat flour, 1% whey protein concentrate was found to be highly acceptable by sensory evaluation and curd tension study. Statistically there was a highly significant difference （P 〈 0.05） between skim milk dahi （control） and VAD VAD scored highest sensory score for all the sensory parameters studied. Curd tension found to be markedly increased in value added dahi with increased firmness of the product. Value added stirred dahi was prepared with oat flour, whey protein concentrate, papaya, fig pulps and sugar with different combination in order to assess the suitable level of addition with maximum acceptability. Value added stirred dahi （VADl） with 1% oat flour, 1% WPC, 5% papaya pulp, 4% sugar combination was found to be acceptable among the other combinations. Storage studies evaluated by sensory score revealed that the value added dahi can be stored up to 7 days at 5 ^（2. A significant increase in acidity and decrease in pH were noticed in the VAD1 during the storage period but within the permissible limit. Statistical analysis revealed no significance difference （P 〉 0.05） in total count and yeast and mould count between VAD0 （control） and VADl during storage 5 ~C. Total yield of value added dahi increased along with cost of production due to increased cost of ingredients （fruits and whey protein concentrate） used for value addition.
文摘目的探讨三联抗生素糊剂(TAP)联合浓缩生长因子(CGF)治疗对年轻恒牙血运重建的影响。方法选取沧州市人民医院2019年6月~2021年6月收治的154例年轻恒牙牙髓坏死患者,根据随机数表法分为CGF组(n=77)和血凝组(n=77)。血凝组患者采取TAP联合血凝块支架治疗,CGF组采用TAP联合CGF支架治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效、牙根长度、根管壁厚、咬合力及炎症指标水平。结果CGF组治疗总有效率明显高于血凝组(93.51%vs.81.82%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.863,P<0.05)。CGF组术后6个月时牙根长度[(8.58±0.22)mm vs.(8.49±0.24)mm]、根管壁厚[(2.98±0.27)mm vs.(2.83±0.26)mm]和咬合力[(56.09±8.02)kg vs.(49.28±8.49)kg]明显大于血凝组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.235、3.596、4.092,P<0.05)。CGF组术后3个月时血清白细胞介素-1β[(3.21±1.21)pg ml vs.(4.06±1.16)pg ml]、白细胞介素-6[(12.26±1.86)pg ml vs.(13.49±1.93)pg ml]及肿瘤坏死因子-α[(4.21±1.05)pg ml vs.(5.09±1.21)pg ml]水平低于血凝组,差异有统计学意义(t=5.453、3.937、3.891,P<0.05)。两组患者术后牙龈红肿(2.60%vs.5.19%)、填充物脱落(3.90%vs.2.60%)、根尖周炎复发率(1.30%vs.3.90%)、牙体变色率(11.69%vs.16.8%)差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.694、0.207、1.027、0.848,P>0.05。结论TAP联合CGF支架应用于年轻恒牙血运重建的疗效显著,可有效降低炎症反应,促进牙根发育,提高牙齿咬合力。
