Cone model for two surface foundations on layered soil

In this paper, the cone model is applied to the vibration analysis of two foundations on a layered soil half space. In the analysis, the total stress field in the subsoil is divided into the free-field and the scattering field. Seed＇s simplified method is adopted for the free-field analysis, while the cone model is proposed for analyzing the dynamic scattering stress wave field. The shear stress field and the compressive stress field in the layered stratum with two scattering sources are calculated by shear cone and compressive cone, respectively. Furthermore, the stress fields in the subsoil with two foundations are divided into six zones, and the P wave and S wave are analyzed in each zone. Numerical results are provided to illustrate features of the added stress field for two surface foundations under vertical and horizontal sinusoidal force excitation. The proposed cone model may be useful in handling some of the complex problems associated with multi-scattering sources.

Electromagnetic Properties of S11 States in a Light Cone Quark Model

Using relativistic spin-flavor wave functions of a Lorentz-covariant light cone quark model, we calculate the electromagnetic form factors of two S11 resonances, N（1535） and N（1650）, and the helicity amplitudes A1/2 and S1/2 for electroexcitation of the S11 resonances from the nucleon. The electromagnetic form factors of these S11 resonances are found to be similar to those of the nucleon in shape, while the charge form factor of neutral N（1650） is nearly zero. The relative peak height of the S11 charge form factors is controlled by the mixing angle common to both resonance wave functions. As in most quark models, there is a systematic overestimate of A1/2 in both N（1535） and N（1650） cases at the photon point. A sizeable S1/2 for all cases is produced as suggested by experiments.

Model Test Study on Ice-Induced Vibrations of Compliant Multi-Cone Structures

For the study on the ice-induced vibration of a compliant mono-cone structure,a series of model tests were performed from 2004 to 2006.In these tests,the ice sheet before the compliant conical structure was found to be failed in two-time breaking.Based on this important finding,model tests study of the ice force on a compliant multi-cone structure were performed from 2006 to 2007.In these tests,the ice sheet broke before each single cone non-simultaneously.The exciting energy of the total ice force was found to be in a wide range of frequencies,and the structure can be easily excited with nonlinear resonance.

基于ANSYS的三维非线性有限元螺旋弹簧接触仿真分析

螺旋弹簧作为车辆悬架中重要弹性元件之一,直接影响到车辆运行品质。为研究螺旋弹簧的几何参数对弹簧刚度的影响,利用ANSYS的APDL语言参数化建立的有限元模型进行计算,从是否考虑支撑圈与工作圈接触问题的结果,与弹簧刚度理论公式分析计算对比分析,验证三维非线性接触有限元螺旋弹簧模型的合理性,进一步分析锥形角度对弹簧刚度等的影响。改变参数快速建立0°、5°、10°的三种不同锥形角度螺旋弹簧模型,计算得到各种模型的荷载位移曲线,进而分析弹簧刚度、Mises应力、接触应力等影响规律。本文建议锥形螺旋弹簧设置锥度在5°以内,既可提高极限荷载,又可降低接触应力,减少材料疲劳破坏,提高使用寿命,为锥形螺旋弹簧的设计提供参考依据。

京津冀平原浅层地下水漏斗演变规律与影响因素

为研究华北地区河湖生态补水对地下水漏斗演变的影响,以京津冀平原浅层地下水漏斗2003年至2022年的相对变化作为识别目标,从气象因素、地形因素、人为因素和含水层水力学特性4个方面进行考虑,选取8个具体指标构建特征变量数据集,使用逻辑回归(logistic regression, LR)、支持向量机(support vector machine, SVM)和随机森林(random forest, RF)方法建立漏斗演变识别模型,并利用敏感度、特异度和决定系数R^(2)对拟合效果进行对比评价,结果显示随机森林为最优模型。进而利用模型分析研究区地下水漏斗演变规律,阐明具体因素对漏斗演变的影响作用。研究表明:京津冀平原区浅层地下水漏斗在2010年之前整体呈扩张趋势,之后在部分地区呈现缩减和消失的态势。河湖补水前,地下水漏斗发展主要受开采影响,其重要度约50%;2018年后河湖补水对抑制漏斗扩张发挥了较为明显的作用,重要度达16%。从发展过程来看,地下水开采依然是控制京津冀平原浅层地下水漏斗变化最重要的因素。对比宁柏隆和高蠡清两个典型浅层地下水漏斗的发展变化可知,河道生态补水对宁柏隆漏斗变化的贡献率接近10%,而对高蠡清漏斗变化影响的重要度仅为1%,因此持续的河流生态补水对宁柏隆漏斗水位恢复会产生积极影响,而对于高蠡清漏斗则需要以水源置换压减农业灌溉地下水量为关键手段实现水位恢复。

台阶对高超声速边界层转捩的影响

对高超声速边界层转捩进行控制研究,不仅有助于提高高超声速飞行器的飞行效率及气动热防护能力,而且对优化航天飞行器表面的结构设计等方面也有一定作用。采用PCB高频脉动压力传感器及红外热成像仪,在Ma=6条件下研究了0°攻角情况下前后台阶对裙锥模型表面边界层转捩的影响。通过对脉动压力结果进行互相关双谱分析,得到了边界层内不同扰动波之间的非线性作用关系。实验结果显示,前后台阶对高超声速边界层转捩都具有促进作用,且后台阶对边界层转捩的促进作用明显大于前台阶,但前后台阶并未改变边界层的转捩模式,整个转捩过程中第2模态波与其1阶谐波的差频作用起主导作用。

基于线框模型的卷烟燃烧锥三维形态分析

【目的】生成卷烟燃烧锥的完整三维形态模型,提取燃烧锥的高度、表面积、体积和偏离角等参数,为建立卷烟燃烧性能评价体系提供支撑。【方法】将带有燃烧锥的卷烟放置在高精度旋转平台,通过智能手机采集燃烧锥的视频并转换为图像,通过图像分割及边缘提取获取燃烧锥的边缘坐标,采用线框模型建立燃烧锥的三维形态,计算燃烧锥的高度、表面积、体积和偏离角,分析偏离角的分布特点。【结果】利用该方法建立的卷烟燃烧锥三维模型曲面连续平滑,实现了燃烧锥的三维形态的精准测定,优于常规的测定方法。

CONE模型与地基动力液化的非线性有效应力分析

在分析建筑物地基的地震(或振动)液化时,为了简化分析土壤-地基的动力相互作用,引入Cone模型,在总应力分析的方法基础上,结合了Martin等提出的孔隙水压力发展模型,并且考虑土壤发生液化的动力非线性过程中材料刚度退化的影响,提出了可以直接求解各区域的孔隙水压力的有效应力简化分析法,并进行液化可能性判别。

基于因果模型的破碎机故障树自动构建方法

圆锥破碎机的安全运行是矿山正常生产的前提,利用故障树对其进行可靠性分析是十分必要的。传统的完全基于专家经验构建故障树的方法自动化程度低,系统迭代升级后需要重新进行安全检查,故障树维护成本高。为了解决上述问题,提出了一种基于因果模型的圆锥破碎机故障树自动构建方法。首先,通过部件故障之间的因果关系检查,将圆锥破碎机无向图转换为对应故障下的有向图;然后,基于此有向图,利用图遍历方法和模块图设计模式自动构建故障树结构。将所提方法应用到实际的圆锥破碎机生产率故障树构建中,应用结果证明了所提方法的实用性和有效性。基于此故障树构建的圆锥破碎机故障自动诊断系统在东鞍山露天矿的实际应用中起到了有效的辅助诊断作用。

基于CFD仿真的浮子流量传感器设计

针对小流量测量精度低等问题,文中提出了一种基于6DOF模型和浮子流量传感器工作原理的浮子流量传感器CFD仿真方法,基于该仿真方法,设计了一种流量范围为60~600 mL/h用于水流量检测的浮子流量传感器。结果显示:当传感器的关键结构参数锥管锥半角为0.1°、浮子直径为2.98 mm时,浮子流量传感器性能达到最优。通过实流实验验证了设计方案的可行性。

锥体模型地基阻抗的轨道振动分析

为克服轨道振动研究中地基与轨道结构耦合数值计算量大的问题,在经典的考虑轨道结构双层梁模型基础上,引入表示地基阻抗的解析锥体模型。这种锥体模型可以用来计算轨道板与地基的相互作用,可以快速地计算考虑地基参数的轨道振动问题。通过计算分析得到,钢轨轨道间的扣件刚度较小,与地基轨道板间的刚度越接近,引起钢轨轨道的剧烈振动;列车车速越大,反而振动越小;地基土体密度越大,轨道振动幅值越小;土体剪切波速越大,轨道梁振动影响就越小;轨道的振动随着泊松比的增大先减小后增大;土体弹性模型越大,轨道振动越小;土体阻尼越大,轨道振动幅度越小。

基于无模型拟合法和模型拟合法的樟子松松果热解动力学研究

利用TA Q600同步热分析仪,在空气氛围下,2~3 mg粒径为250~420μm的樟子松松果颗粒以10、15、20、25 K/min的升温速率线性升温至1073 K左右,采用模型拟合法(Coats-Redfern法、Zsako法、Satava-Sestak法)和无模型拟合法(KAS法、Doyle法、FWO法)对松果热解动力学参数进行求解和比较,计算反应活化能E值、指前因子A。结果表明:松果热解主要包括4个阶段,主要质量损失阶段失重率占85%以上。无模型拟合法得到平均活化能分别为74.3 kJ/mol(Doyle法)、71.8 kJ/mol(FWO法)、68.3 kJ/mol(KAS法),且KAS法的活化能与指前因子曲线拟合R 2>0.95;模型拟合法得到平均活化能为65.4 kJ/mol(Zsako法)、62.4 kJ/mol(Satava-Sestak法)、56.4 kJ/mol(Coats-Redfern),且Zsako法、Satava-Sestak法的平均活化能更接近无模型较准确的活化能,其中Satava-Sestak法的指前因子可反映热解反应机理的复杂性。建议将KAS法与Satava-Sestak法结合,更好地评价樟子松松果的燃烧性。

The Non-Equivalence of Pyramids and Their Pseudo-Cones: Important New Insights

The simulation of indentations with so called “equivalent” pseudo-cones for decreasing computer time is challenged. The mimicry of pseudo-cones having equal basal surface and depth with pyramidal indenters is excluded by basic arithmetic and trigonometric calculations. The commonly accepted angles of so called “equivalent” pseudo-cones must not also claim equal depth. Such bias (answers put into the questions to be solved) in the historical values of the generally used half-opening angles of pseudo-cones is revealed. It falsifies all simulations or conclusions on that basis. The enormous errors in the resulting hardness HISO and elastic modulus Er-ISO values are disastrous not only for the artificial intelligence. The straightforward deduction for possibly ψ-cones (ψ for pseudo) without biased depths’ errors for equal basal surface and equal volume is reported. These ψ-cones would of course penetrate much more deeply than the three-sided Berkovich and cube corner pyramids (r a/2), and their half-opening angles would be smaller than those of the respective pyramids (reverse with r > a/2 for four-sided Vickers). Also the unlike forces’ direction angles are reported for the more sideward and the resulting downward directions. They are reflected by the diameter of the parallelograms with length and off-angle from the vertical axis. Experimental loading curves before and after the phase-transition onsets are indispensable. Mimicry of ψ-cones and pyramids is also quantitatively excluded. All simulations on their bases would also be dangerously invalid for industrial and solid pharmaceutical materials.

基于Cone Beam CT图像的呼吸运动分析

呼吸运动是有一定规律性的运动,传统呼吸运动模型用公式描述,不能准确反映不同病人的特点或同一病人不同时期的特点,无法满足实时准确分析的需要。为此,我们提出了一种通过跟踪病人自由呼吸状态下所采集的Cone Beam CT图像序列中的横隔膜的运动来建立病人呼吸运动模型的方法。该方法建立的模型与传统的呼吸运动理论模型非常相似,证明了它是可行且有效的,同时该方法更能实时准确地反映病人的呼吸运动规律,具有很高的临床实用价值。

Technique for Estimating the Cone Bearing Smoothing Parameters

Cone penetration testing (CPT) is an extensively utilized and cost effective tool for geotechnical site characterization. CPT consists of pushing at a constant rate an electronic cone into penetrable soils and recording the resistance to the cone tip (qc value). The measured qc values (after correction for the pore water pressure) are utilized to estimate soil type and associated soil properties based predominantly on empirical correlations. The most common cone tips have associated areas of 10 cm2 and 15 cm2. Investigators also utilized significantly larger cone tips (33 cm2 and 40 cm2) so that gravelly soils can be penetrated. Small cone tips (2 cm2 and 5 cm2) are utilized for shallow soil investigations. The cone tip resistance measured at a particular depth is affected by the values above and below the depth of interest which results in a smoothing or blurring of the true bearing values. Extensive work has been carried out in mathematically modelling the smoothing function which results in the blurred cone bearing measurements. This paper outlines a technique which facilitates estimating the dominant parameters of the cone smoothing function from processing real cone bearing data sets. This cone calibration technique is referred to as the so-called CPSPE algorithm. The mathematical details of the CPSPE algorithm are outlined in this paper along with the results from a challenging test bed simulation.

基于分布式新能源与配网网络重构的降损技术

考虑分布式新能源出力随机性对调控策略执行效果的影响,研究了基于电压风险评估和主动重构的日前调度技术。基于光伏出力预测和负荷预测,以电压安全概率风险最小为目标,以开合联络开关为控制变量,应用二阶锥松弛过的Distflow潮流模型进行求解,获取电压安全概率风险最小的配网重构方案。通过对IEEE 33节点配网进行算例分析,仿真结果验证了所提基于电压风险评估与主动重构的日前降损策略的可行性。

考虑交通流量和用户行为不确定性的加氢站选址优化模型

加氢站是氢能产业发展的重要基础设施,其布局选址对于氢能在交通领域的推广应用至关重要。为此,提出一种加氢站的选址优化方法。首先,分别以运营商追求捕获交通流量最大化、客户追求获得加氢服务可能性最大化为上、下层目标函数构建了双层规划模型,并引入机会约束规划理论处理了交通流量的不确定性。该模型考虑了客户路径选择的行为特性,能够为交通流量不确定性下的加氢站选址提供重要借鉴。其次,利用KKT条件和确定性等价将所提机会约束双层规划模型转化为了单层的混合整数二阶锥规划问题以实现高效求解。最后,为验证该模型的有效性,以长三角地区交通网络为案例进行了仿真分析。

Disappearance of the Dirac cone in silicene due to the presence of an electric field

Using the two-dimensional ionic Hubbard model as a simple basis for describing the electronic structure of silicene in the presence of an electric field induced by the substrate, we use the coherent-potential approximation to calculate tbe zero-temperature phase diagram and the associated spectral function at half filling. We find that any degree of symmetry- breaking induced by the electric field causes the silicene structure to lose its Dirac fermion characteristics, thus providing a simple mechanism for the disappearance of the Dirac cone.

基于人工神经网络的多源数据融合技术在浅层纵波速度调查中的应用

微测井是地震勘探中常用的一种近地表纵波速度调查方法,在场地条件和施工成本受限的情况下,该方法得到的速度解释剖面常存在横向分辨率不足的问题。利用静力触探法布设方便、成本低廉的优势,提出一种利用人工神经网络模型关联地层阻力和地层波速的方法,以期通过少量实测微测井实现大范围纵波速度结构的有效预测。该方法的实施流程如下:(1)两两配对静力触探和微测井数据以生成控制点位,以岩性变化为网络分裂条件,输入层神经元接收锥尖阻力、侧摩阻力和深度数据,输出层神经元接收纵波速度,在中间设置多个全连接隐藏层;(2)通过前馈训练机制更新隐藏层神经元参数;(3)将非控制点位的静力触探数据输入到训练好的神经网络模型以获取全区近地表纵波速度结构剖面。在苏北某场地进行方法测试和数据分析,结果证实岩性分层的精细度和训练样本量是决定模型表现的两个关键因素。人工神经网络法预测浅层纵波速度的准确率超过90%,在可靠性、分辨率以及鲁棒性方面都超越了现有的经验公式法,可以辅助判断地下虚反射界面和低降速带分布范围,是提高地震勘探浅层速度调查精度和效率的有益探索。

ALGORITHM FOR GENERATING DEM BASED ON CONE

Digital elevation model (DEM) has a variety of applications in GIS and CAD.It is the basic model for generating three_dimensional terrain feature.Generally speaking,there are two methods for building DEM.One is based upon the digital terrain model of discrete points,and is characterized by fast speed and low precision.The other is based upon triangular digital terrain model,and slow speed and high precision are the features of the method.Combining the advantages of the two methods,an algorithm for generating DEM with discrete points is presented in this paper.When interpolating elevation,this method can create a triangle which includes interpolating point and the elevation of the interpolating point can be obtained from the triangle.The method has the advantage of fast speed,high precision and less memory.