Errata regarding missing Ethical Statements in previously published articles:Part 3

Ethical statements were not included in the published version of the following articles that appeared in previous issues of Journal of Integrative Agriculture.The appropriate statements provided by the Authors are included below.

Errata regarding missing Ethical Statements in previously published articles:Part 2

Ethical statements were not included in the published version of the following articles that appeared in previous issues of Journal of Integrative Agriculture.The appropriate statements provided by the Authors are included below.

Errata regarding missing Ethical Statements in previously published articles:Part 4

Ethical statements were not included in the published version of the following articles that appeared in previous issues of Journal of Integrative Agriculture.The appropriate statements provided by the Authors are included below.

Errata regarding missing Ethical Statements in previously published articles:Part 1

Ethical statements were not included in the published version of the following articles that appeared in previous issues of Journal of Integrative Agriculture.The appropriate statements provided by the Authors are included below.

Errata regarding missing Ethical Statements in previously published articles:Part 5

Ethical statements were not included in the published version of the following articles that appeared in previous issues of Journal of Integrative Agriculture.The appropriate statements provided by the Authors are included below.

Two innovative equivalent statements of the third law of thermodynamics

It is found from textbooks and literature that there are three different statements for the third law of thermodynamics,i.e., the Nernst theorem, the unattainability statement of absolute zero temperature, and the heat capacity statement. It is pointed out that such three statements correspond to three thermodynamic parameters, which are, respectively, the entropy,temperature, and heat capacity, and can be obtained by extrapolating the experimental results of different parameters at ultralow temperatures to absolute zero. It is expounded that because there is no need for additional assumptions in the derivation of the Nernst equation, the Nernst theorem should be renamed as the Nernst statement. Moreover, it is proved that both the Nernst statement and the heat capacity statement are mutually deducible and equivalent, while the unattainability of absolute zero temperature is only a corollary of the Nernst statement or the heat capacity statement so that it is unsuitably referred to as one statement of the third law of thermodynamics. The conclusion is that the Nernst statement and the heat capacity statement are two equivalent statements of the third law of thermodynamics.

Corrigendum Regarding Missing Ethics Approval Statements in Previously Published Articles

The publisher would like to draw the reader's attention to the following errors.Ethics approval statements were not included in the published version of the following articles that appeared in previous issues of Grain&Oil Science and Technology.The authors were contacted after publication to request ethical approval statements for the following articles.

Erratum regarding Declaration of Competing Interest statements in previously published articles

Declaration of Competing Interest statements were incorrectly included in the published version of the following articles that appeared in previous issues of Materials Reports:Energy.The appropriate Declaration of Competing Interest statements,provided by the authors,are included below.

Analysis of the Reform of Ideological and Political Education in College English Curriculum from the Perspective of“Cultural Confidence”

With the rapid development of the education industry,higher requirements have been put forward for college English education and teaching,accelerating the pace of college English reform.Issues such as how to integrate knowledge transmission,language expression skill improvement,cultural element extraction,and ideological and political education,and present the role of curriculum education function have attracted attention.In the era of informatization,college students’thinking has undergone certain changes and gradually developed towards diversification.Therefore,universities should start from the perspective of cultural confidence,extract valuable ideological and political elements,and explore effective tourism ideological and political teaching methods.While helping college students enhance their cultural confidence,it is also beneficial for them to better inherit traditional Chinese culture.This article conducts an in-depth exploration of ideological and political education in college English courses from the perspective of“cultural confidence”and uses scientific and effective measures to solve the problems encountered,aiming to provide valuable guidelines for relevant researchers.

Reachability-Based Confidence-Aware Probabilistic Collision Detection in Highway Driving

Risk assessment is a crucial component of collision warning and avoidance systems for intelligent vehicles.Reachability-based formal approaches have been developed to ensure driving safety to accurately detect potential vehicle collisions.However,they suffer from over-conservatism,potentially resulting in false–positive risk events in complicated real-world applications.In this paper,we combine two reachability analysis techniques,a backward reachable set(BRS)and a stochastic forward reachable set(FRS),and propose an integrated probabilistic collision–detection framework for highway driving.Within this framework,we can first use a BRS to formally check whether a two-vehicle interaction is safe;otherwise,a prediction-based stochastic FRS is employed to estimate the collision probability at each future time step.Thus,the framework can not only identify non-risky events with guaranteed safety but also provide accurate collision risk estimation in safety-critical events.To construct the stochastic FRS,we develop a neural network-based acceleration model for surrounding vehicles and further incorporate a confidence-aware dynamic belief to improve the prediction accuracy.Extensive experiments were conducted to validate the performance of the acceleration prediction model based on naturalistic highway driving data.The efficiency and effectiveness of the framework with infused confidence beliefs were tested in both naturalistic and simulated highway scenarios.The proposed risk assessment framework is promising for real-world applications.

Assessing healthcare workers’knowledge and confidence in the diagnosis,management and prevention of Monkeypox

BACKGROUND Monkeypox(Mpox),is a disease of global public health concern,as it does not affect only countries in western and central Africa.AIM To assess Burundi healthcare workers(HCWs)s’level of knowledge and confidence in the diagnosis and management of Mpox.METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study via an online survey designed mainly from the World Health Organization course distributed among Burundi HCWs from June-July 2023.The questionnaire comprises 8 socioprofessional-related questions,22 questions about Mpox disease knowledge,and 3 questions to assess confidence in Mpox diagnosis and management.The data were analyzed via SPSS software version 25.0.A P value<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.RESULTS The study sample comprised 471 HCWs who were mainly medical doctors(63.9%)and nurses(30.1%).None of the 22 questions concerning Mpox knowledge had at least 50%correct responses.A very low number of HCWs(17.4%)knew that Mpox has a vaccine.The confidence level to diagnose(21.20%),treat(18.00%)or prevent(23.30%)Mpox was low among HCWs.The confidence level in the diagnosis of Mpox was associated with the HCWs’age(P value=0.009),sex(P value<0.001),work experience(P value=0.002),and residence(P value<0.001).The confidence level to treat Mpox was significantly associated with the HCWs’age(P value=0.050),sex(P value<0.001),education(P value=0.033)and occupation(P value=0.005).The confidence level to prevent Mpox was associated with the HCWs’education(P value<0.001),work experience(P value=0.002),residence(P value<0.001)and type of work institution(P value=0.003).CONCLUSION This study revealed that HCWs have the lowest level of knowledge regarding Mpox and a lack of confidence in the ability to diagnose,treat or prevent it.There is an urgent need to organize continuing medical education programs on Mpox epidemiology and preparedness for Burundi HCWs.We encourage future researchers to assess potential hesitancy toward Mpox vaccination and its associated factors.

China Continues to Bring Confidence to Global Economy Recovery

Looking forward to 2024,what opportunities and challenges will global development face?In particular,how can the global economy get rid of the“sequelae”of the pandemic?At the 170th“Monthly Talk on the Economy”held recently by the China Center for International Economic Exchange,experts analyzed the world’s economy since the outbreak of COVID-19,and made clear the context of and provided suggestions for global development in 2024.

Low-Carbon Dispatch of an Integrated Energy System Considering Confidence Intervals for Renewable Energy Generation

Addressing the insufficiency in down-regulation leeway within integrated energy systems stemming from the erratic and volatile nature of wind and solar renewable energy generation,this study focuses on formulating a coordinated strategy involving the carbon capture unit of the integrated energy system and the resources on the load storage side.A scheduling model is devised that takes into account the confidence interval associated with renewable energy generation,with the overarching goal of optimizing the system for low-carbon operation.To begin with,an in-depth analysis is conducted on the temporal energy-shifting attributes and the low-carbon modulation mechanisms exhibited by the source-side carbon capture power plant within the context of integrated and adaptable operational paradigms.Drawing from this analysis,a model is devised to represent the adjustable resources on the charge-storage side,predicated on the principles of electro-thermal coupling within the energy system.Subsequently,the dissimilarities in the confidence intervals of renewable energy generation are considered,leading to the proposition of a flexible upper threshold for the confidence interval.Building on this,a low-carbon dispatch model is established for the integrated energy system,factoring in the margin allowed by the adjustable resources.In the final phase,a simulation is performed on a regional electric heating integrated energy system.This simulation seeks to assess the impact of source-load-storage coordination on the system’s low-carbon operation across various scenarios of reduction margin reserves.The findings underscore that the proactive scheduling model incorporating confidence interval considerations for reduction margin reserves effectively mitigates the uncertainties tied to renewable energy generation.Through harmonized orchestration of source,load,and storage elements,it expands the utilization scope for renewable energy,safeguards the economic efficiency of system operations under low-carbon emission conditions,and empirically validates the soundness and efficacy of the proposed approach.

Science Societies’ Climate Statements: Some Concerns

The assertion that a climate crisis is rapidly approaching due to excess carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is said to be based on science. This science is summarized in the statements of the major scientific societies. These statements, have motivated, governments, the media, and much of the public to commit to abandoning fossil, i.e. going to “net zero” at some time in the not-so-distant future, perhaps by 2050, 26 years from now. The claims of these scientific societies clearly have a profound impact on the government, the media and the public, and therefore the scientific basis for these claims needs to be frequently and rigorously reexamined by the societies, and scrutinized by the public. This paper illustrates some serious concerns regarding the claims of these societies. It is not difficult to question these claims by comparing them with actual data from well-established organizations such as NOAA and NASA. Furthermore, the claims seem to go against such well-established scientific laws as the Stefan Boltzman radiation law, and le Chatelier’s principle. If the statements of the societies overstate the danger, or are even incorrect, they may be motivating the United States, the western world, or even the whole world to make an enormously expensive and unnecessary transition to an energy infrastructure that is more expensive, less reliable, and more environmentally damaging than the one we have today. This article suggests that these scientific societies reexamine their climate statements with the goal of making them more moderate and more scientifically correct.

Ministry of Commerce:Full of confidence,clear direction,strong motivation

On March 12,the official account of the International Business Daily of the Ministry of Commerce published an article titled“Foreign trade enterprises:full of confidence,clear direction,strong motivation”.The content is as follows:This year,China is still facing a tough foreign trade situation.On the one hand,many international organizations predict that global economic growth in 2024 will still be lower than the historical average and the pressure on external demand will increase;on the other hand,trade protectionism and unilateralism are on the rise,geopolitical conflicts,the global“super election year”and other spillover factors have created many uncertainties.

Using Confidence Statements to Ordering Medians: A Simple Microarray Nonparametric Analysis

Comparing two samples about corresponding parameters of their respective populations is an old and classical statistical problem. In this paper, we present a simple yet effective tool to compare two samples through their medians. We calculate the confidence of the statement “the median of the first population is strictly smaller (larger) than the median of the second.” We analyze two real data sets and empirically demonstrate the quality of the confidence for such a statement. This confidence in the order of the medians is to be seen as a pre-analysis tool that can provide useful insights for comparing two or more populations. The method is entirely based on their exact distribution with no need for asymptotic considerations. We also provide the Quor statistical software, an R package that implements the ideas discussed in this work.

Exploration on Ideological and Political Construction of Higher Vocational English Course in Southern Xinjiang from the Perspective of "Cultural Confidence"

At present,the lack of Chinese culture in higher vocational English teaching in southern Xinjiang is serious.The existing English curriculum system is not enough to support the goal of cultivating ethnic minority college students cultural confidence,and its curriculum ideological and political construction is still in the initial stage of exploration.The combination of the Chinese national culture and the ethnic culture of Xinjiang and the ideological and political elements organically integrated into cultural confidence have endowed the vocational English education in Xinjiang with the characteristics of the times.In this paper,from the perspective of China s"cultural confidence",ideological and political elements were explored,and the background of ideological and political construction in higher vocational English teaching course in southern Xinjiang was analyzed;it is expounded that the ideological and political construction is an inevitable requirement for the high-quality development of vocational English education in southern Xinjiang,and the content design and implementation path of higher vocational English course was explored to provide new ideas and new ways for the curriculum ideological and political construction of higher vocational English teaching in southern Xinjiang.

Constructing Confidence Regions for Autoregressive-Model Parameters

We discuss formulas and techniques for finding maximum-likelihood estimators of parameters of autoregressive (with particular emphasis on Markov and Yule) models, computing their asymptotic variance-covariance matrix and displaying the resulting confidence regions;Monte Carlo simulation is then used to establish the accuracy of the corresponding level of confidence. The results indicate that a direct application of the Central Limit Theorem yields errors too large to be acceptable;instead, we recommend using a technique based directly on the natural logarithm of the likelihood function, verifying its substantially higher accuracy. Our study is then extended to the case of estimating only a subset of a model’s parameters, when the remaining ones (called nuisance) are of no interest to us.

Prediction of Uncertainty Estimation and Confidence Calibration Using Fully Convolutional Neural Network

Convolution neural networks(CNNs)have proven to be effective clinical imagingmethods.This study highlighted some of the key issues within these systems.It is difficult to train these systems in a limited clinical image databases,and many publications present strategies including such learning algorithm.Furthermore,these patterns are known formaking a highly reliable prognosis.In addition,normalization of volume and losses of dice have been used effectively to accelerate and stabilize the training.Furthermore,these systems are improperly regulated,resulting in more confident ratings for correct and incorrect classification,which are inaccurate and difficult to understand.This study examines the risk assessment of Fully Convolutional Neural Networks(FCNNs)for clinical image segmentation.Essential contributions have been made to this planned work:1)dice loss and cross-entropy loss are compared on the basis of segment quality and uncertain assessment of FCNNs;2)proposal for a group model for assurance measurement of full convolutional neural networks trained with dice loss and group normalization;And 3)the ability of the measured FCNs to evaluate the segment quality of the structures and to identify test examples outside the distribution.To evaluate the study’s contributions,it conducted a series of tests in three clinical image division applications such as heart,brain and prostate.The findings of the study provide significant insights into the predictive ambiguity assessment and a practical strategies for outside-distribution identification and reliable measurement in the clinical image segmentation.The approaches presented in this research significantly enhance the reliability and accuracy rating of CNNbased clinical imaging methods.

Monocular 3D object detection with Pseudo-LiDAR confidence sampling and hierarchical geometric feature extraction in 6G network

The high bandwidth and low latency of 6G network technology enable the successful application of monocular 3D object detection on vehicle platforms.Monocular 3D-object-detection-based Pseudo-LiDAR is a low-cost,lowpower solution compared to LiDAR solutions in the field of autonomous driving.However,this technique has some problems,i.e.,(1)the poor quality of generated Pseudo-LiDAR point clouds resulting from the nonlinear error distribution of monocular depth estimation and(2)the weak representation capability of point cloud features due to the neglected global geometric structure features of point clouds existing in LiDAR-based 3D detection networks.Therefore,we proposed a Pseudo-LiDAR confidence sampling strategy and a hierarchical geometric feature extraction module for monocular 3D object detection.We first designed a point cloud confidence sampling strategy based on a 3D Gaussian distribution to assign small confidence to the points with great error in depth estimation and filter them out according to the confidence.Then,we present a hierarchical geometric feature extraction module by aggregating the local neighborhood features and a dual transformer to capture the global geometric features in the point cloud.Finally,our detection framework is based on Point-Voxel-RCNN(PV-RCNN)with high-quality Pseudo-LiDAR and enriched geometric features as input.From the experimental results,our method achieves satisfactory results in monocular 3D object detection.