GEOMETRICALLY NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT MODEL OF SPATIAL THIN-WALLED BEAMS WITH GENERAL OPEN CROSS SECTION

Based on the theory of Timoshenko and thin-walled beams, a new finite element model of spatial thin-walled beams with general open cross sections is presented in the paper, in which several factors are included such as lateral shear deformation, warp generated by nonuni- form torsion and second-order shear stress, coupling of flexure and torsion, and large displacement with small strain. With an additional internal node in the element, the element stiffness matrix is deduced by incremental virtual work in updated Lagrangian （UL） formulation. Numerical examples demonstrate that the presented model well describes the geometrically nonlinear property of spatial thin-walled beams.

THE ANALYSIS OF THIN WALLED COMPOSITE LAMINATED HELICOPTER ROTOR WITH HIERARCHICAL WARPING FUNCTIONS AND FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

In the present paper, a series of hierarchical warping functions is developed to analyze the static and dynamic problems of thin walled composite laminated helicopter rotors composed of several layers with single closed cell. This method is the development and extension of the traditional constrained warping theory of thin walled metallic beams, which had been proved very successful since 1940s. The warping distribution along the perimeter of each layer is expanded into a series of successively corrective warping functions with the traditional warping function caused by free torsion or free beading as the first term, and is assumed to be piecewise linear along the thickness direction of layers. The governing equations are derived based upon the variational principle of minimum potential energy for static analysis and Rayleigh Quotient for free vibration analysis. Then the hierarchical finite element method. is introduced to form a,. numerical algorithm. Both static and natural vibration problems of sample box beams axe analyzed with the present method to show the main mechanical behavior of the thin walled composite laminated helicopter rotor.

A new beam element for analyzing geometrical and physical nonlinearity

Based on Timoshenko＇s beam theory and Vlasov＇s thin-walled member theory, a new model of spatial thin-walled beam element is developed for analyzing geometrical and physical nonlinearity, which incorporates an interior node and independent interpolations of bending angles and warp and takes diversified factors into consideration, such as traverse shear deformation, torsional shear deformation and their coupling, coupling of flexure and torsion, and the second shear stress. The geometrical nonlinear strain is formulated in updated Lagarange （UL） and the corresponding stiffness matrix is derived. The perfectly plastic model is used to account for physical nonlinearity, and the yield rule of von Mises and incremental relationship of Prandtle-Reuss are adopted. Elastoplastic stiffness matrix is obtained by numerical integration based on the finite segment method, and a finite element program is compiled. Numerical examples manifest that the proposed model is accurate and feasible in the analysis of thin-walled structures.

Development of a new connection for precast concrete walls subjected to cyclic loading

The Industrialized Building System （IBS） was recently introduced to minimize the time and cost of project construction. Accordingly, ensuring the integration of the connection of precast components in IBS structures is an important factor that ensures stability of buildings subjected to dynamic loads from earthquakes, vehicles, and machineries. However, structural engineers still lack knowledge on the proper connection and detailed joints o fiBS structure construction. Therefore, this study proposes a special precast concrete wall-to-wall connection system for dynamic loads that resists multidirectional imposed loads and reduces vibration effects （PI2014701723）. This system is designed to connect two adjacent precast wall panels by using two steel U-shaped channels （i.e., male and female joints）. During casting, each joint is adapted for incorporation into a respective wall panel after considering the following conditions： one side of the steel channel opens into the thickness face of the panel; a U-shaped rubber is implemented between the two channels to dissipate the vibration effect; and bolts and nuts are used to create an extension between the two U-shaped male and female steel channels. The developed finite element model of the precast wall is subjected to cyclic loads to evaluate the performance of the proposed connection during an imposed dynamic load. Connection performance is then compared with conventional connections based on the energy dissipation, stress, deformation, and concrete damage in the plastic range. The proposed precast connection is capable of exceeding the energy absorption of precast walls subjected to dynamic load, thereby improving its resistance behavior in all principal directions.

Numerical Modeling on Seismic Performance of Castellated Composite Beam⁃Reinforced Concrete Column Connection

The hybrid structure consisting of castellated composite beam and compound spiral hoop reinforced concrete column take full advantages of steel and concrete material.To popularize the structural form in real conditions,a beam⁃through⁃type beam⁃column connection is proposed.Two 1/2⁃scaled connection specimens were tested and three⁃dimensional finite element models of the beam⁃column connection were set up.The longitudinal reinforcements,concrete beam,and column were simulated by link and solid elements,respectively.The influences of the parameters such as expansion ratio,location of web opening,and original height of steel beam were studied.The results show that connections possessed high initial rigidity.The expansion ratio of steel beam showed more important influence on the connection’s ultimate bearing capacity.For the connection models with steel beam expansion ratio of 1.4,the maximum increment of the ultimate bearing capacity of the connection could reach 28%.In order to prevent the local buckling failure of steel beam from occurring near web opening,the expansion ratio of steel beam should not be greater than 1.3.

A cyclic loading model for beam-to-column web connection

A finite element analysis of the beam-to-column web connection with H-shaped columns was performed using the ANSYS computer program. Based on the finite element analysis and theoretical analysis, a simplified model was developed to describe the cyclic loading behavior of beam-to-columns web connection in steel moment resisting frames, considering both bending and shear deformation modes of the beam flange plate. Several issues appearing to merit further researches were identified in the process of developing this model, such as the effect of beam flange plate on beam-to-column web connection stiffness and strength. A reasonable agreement was achieved between model predictions and finite element data, which verified the feasibility of the proposed model.

Nonlinear Free Vibration Analysis of Thin-walled Curved Beam with Non-symmetric Open Cross Section

A finite element formulation was presented for the nonlinear free vibration of thin-walled curved beams with non-symmetric open across section.The kinetic and potential energies were derived by the virtual principle.The energy function includes the effect of flexural-torsional coupling,the torsion warping and the shear centre location.For finite element analysis,cubic polynomials were utilized as the shape functions of the two nodal thin-walled curved elements.Each node possesses seven degrees freedom including the warping degree of freedom.The nonlinear eigenvalue problem was solved by the direct iteration technique.The results are compared with those for straight beams as available in the literature.The results for nonlinear free vibration analysis of curved beams for various radii and subtended angle are presented.

模块化防屈曲钢板墙抗震性能

考虑经济性和便利性,提出了模块化防屈曲钢板墙及其常用模数,然后基于已有的防屈曲钢板墙的简化计算模型,推导了在不同墙数量情况下,模块化防屈曲钢板墙充分发挥抗震性能时,周边梁的承载力和刚度需求,并提出了周边梁的设计方法.进而,对模块化防屈曲钢板墙和整体墙进行了对比验证试验及其有限元模拟分析.研究结果表明:模块化防屈曲钢板墙能够达到与整体钢板墙相同的抗震性能,且周边梁未发生明显转动和破坏,说明所提出的周边梁设计方法是合理的;在层间位移角为1/50时,防屈曲钢板墙上下周边梁均未进入塑性,且承载力和初始刚度等的有限元值与试验值误差小于6%,从而进一步验证了其抗震性能.

螺栓连接波纹腹板钢梁疲劳性能试验与分析

对2根螺栓连接波纹腹板钢梁试件进行疲劳试验研究,获得了钢梁试件的疲劳性能指标以及失效破坏形态,分析了钢梁截面的应力分布以及循环荷载作用下的应力和刚度变化。汇总现有的焊接波纹腹板钢梁疲劳试验结果,比较分析了焊接钢梁与螺栓连接钢梁的疲劳寿命差异。采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了螺栓连接波纹腹板钢梁的精细数值模型,根据疲劳试验结果验证了数值模型的准确性。利用经验证的数值模型,对疲劳破坏位置附近的应力分布进行有限元分析,结果表明螺栓孔边应力集中是疲劳裂纹萌生和引发疲劳破坏的主要原因。基于有限元分析结果,利用FE-Safe软件对螺栓连接波纹腹板钢梁试件的疲劳寿命进行分析,计算得到的疲劳寿命和疲劳破坏位置与试验结果吻合良好。

用于液体容器内液位测量的金属薄壁梁振动模态仿真研究

为实现用于液体容器内液位测量的金属薄壁梁振动模态的准确模拟,构建金属薄壁梁的有限元圆梁模型。该模型采用有限元法对金属薄壁梁纵向振动模型的特征频率进行分析,从而对金属薄壁梁暴露于外部刺激时所产生的纵向振动进行准确模拟。在所开展研究中,对薄壁梁采用圆梁分布质量模型,分析模型的前4种振动模态的特征频率。为验证该模型的有效性,将该模型对金属薄壁梁前4种纵向振动模态的模拟结果与理论模型结果、实际金属薄壁梁试验结果及其他两种仿真模型的模拟结果进行了对比。对比结果表明,所构建圆梁模型对金属薄壁梁纵向振动模态的模拟结果与理论、试验分析结果高度一致,且模拟结果效果明显优于其他两种模型。

A geometrical and physical nonlinear finite element model for spatial thin-walled beams with arbitrary section

Based on the theories of Bernoulli-Euler beams and Vlasov's thin-walled members,a new geometrical and physical nonlinear beam element model is developed by applying an interior node in the element and independent interpolations on bending angles and warp,in which factors such as traverse shear deformation,torsional shear deformation and their coupling,coupling of flexure and torsion,and second shear stress are all considered.Thereafter,geometrical nonlinear strain in total Lagarange(TL) and the corresponding stiffness matrix are formulated.Ideal plastic model is applied to physical nonlinearity to comply with the yield rule of Von Mises and incremental relationship of Prandtle-Reuss.Elastoplastic stiffness matrix is derived by numerical integration on the basis of the finite segment method.Examples show that the developed model is feasible in analysis of thin-walled structures with high accuracy.

薄壁舱体构件电子束焊接变形模拟分析与优化

大型、多焊缝的薄壁类航天舱体构件在电子束焊接后,存在焊后变形校正难的问题,模拟计算可以预测变形趋势并优化焊接工艺以获得最小变形量。该文对铝合金航天用舱体结构进行了焊接过程的数值模拟,采用平板结构进行了有限元模型的建立与校核,对舱体结构进行了建模,研究了焊接顺序、焊接工艺参数对焊后最大变形量的影响及构件焊后变形趋势。结果表明,构件整体弯曲变形,优先焊接2条纵缝会导致较大的变形量,热输入越大,构件焊后变形量越大。在达到6 mm熔深时,采用高焊接速度35 mm/s及较小的功率5.4 kW可以获得最小的焊接变形,为0.35 mm。该文为薄壁大型舱体结构焊接工艺参数优化提供了依据。

湿式连接装配式混凝土梁柱子结构连续倒塌的精细数值分析

为研究湿式连接预制装配式混凝土梁柱子结构的抗连续倒塌性能,采用LS-DYNA有限元软件对前期工作中的三个试件建立了精细化有限元模型。混凝土采用实体单元和CSCM材料模型模拟,钢筋采用梁单元和分段线性塑性材料模型模拟。在梁柱节点区1.5倍梁高范围内考虑钢筋和混凝土的粘结滑移,利用LS-DYNA提供的单元失效功能模拟钢筋断裂和混凝土开裂。机械套筒连接模拟时考虑钢筋尺寸缩减,锚固板模拟按等面积法在梁柱节点建模内并利用关键字*CBIS定义接触防止穿透。数值模拟所得的承载力与试验之间的误差不超过15%,各试件的受力行为和破坏模式与试验一致。

型钢混合连接装配式混凝土剪力墙结构受力机理研究

结合钢筋混凝土结构和钢结构的优势,设计一种型钢-螺栓-后浇混凝土装配式剪力墙型钢混合连接。基于ABAQUS有限元软件建立混合连接的剪力墙模型,探究低周往复荷载作用下该混合连接预制剪力墙的受力性能,主要分析模型的破坏形态、受力机制、变形曲线、特征承载力等,并扩展分析了材料强度、轴压比、连接件数量、型钢截面高度等参数对模型受力性能影响。结果表明:装配式剪力墙破坏形态为压弯破坏,破坏时钢连接件仍保持完整,符合“强连接,弱墙肢”的基本设计理念;装配式剪力墙具有较好的承载力、延性和刚度;轴压比对结构承载力影响显著,型钢混合连接间距的增大能有效提升剪力墙延性。建立了型钢混合连接抗剪需求承载力计算模型和公式,并与国内外规范计算值对比分析,公式计算值和BS EN 1992欧洲规范计算值分别与模拟值的误差在15%和20%以内,均可用于型钢混合连接剪力墙竖缝受剪承载力设计参考。

装配式剪力墙新型水平连接装置的力学性能数值模拟

为了研究装配式剪力墙新型水平连接装置的力学性能,对两组不同螺栓数量的连接装置试验组进行了动态力学性能试验,并采用ABAQUS有限元软件对其进行相关数值模拟,进一步分析了较大预紧力对装置力学性能的影响.试验结果表明:通过增加螺栓数量和螺栓预紧力,可有效提升水平连接装置的耗能效果,但加载频率对其影响较小.通过分析有限元结果可知:装置最大水平力,耗能能力及割线刚度与螺栓预紧力呈近似线性增长趋势,与试验数据吻合较好;在较大预紧力情况下,各力学性能指标保持上升趋势,但由线性关系逐渐向非线性过渡的范围也随之增大.

带PEC柱钢板剪力墙结构(弱轴连接)抗震性能有限元分析

为研究边缘柱为部分外包混凝土组合柱的钢板剪力墙结构(弱轴连接)的抗震性能,使用有限元软件ABAQUS完成1榀边缘柱为H型钢柱、5榀边缘柱为PEC柱的钢板剪力墙结构(弱轴连接)在循环荷载作用下的有限元数值模拟,得到结构的应力分布、破坏模式、滞回曲线、耗能性能、骨架曲线以及刚度退化曲线,并完成了1榀带PEC柱的钢板剪力墙结构(弱轴连接)的试验,验证了有限元模拟的正确性.分析表明在钢板剪力墙结构中(弱轴连接),将PEC柱作为剪力墙的边缘框架柱,同样可以很好的约束屈曲后的钢板剪力墙,使其充分发挥屈曲后的性能,显著提升整体结构的抗侧刚度、承载力以及耗能性能.

水平缝钢制连接的可修复装配式剪力墙结构抗剪性能研究

为实现剪力墙结构震损后的快速修复,提出一种水平缝钢制连接的可修复装配式剪力墙结构(Repairable precast shear wall with horizontal steel connections,RPW-HSC),采用ABAQUS软件对高宽比为1.0的RPW-HSC试件进行建模分析,数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好。通过有限元参数化建模,研究钢制连接中剪切板的厚度、开缝处小钢柱的高宽比、钢板强度及轴压比对RPW-HSC试件抗剪性能的影响,建立RPW-HSC抗剪承载力设计方法。结果表明:RPW-HSC试件的刚度与抗剪承载力随剪切板厚度、钢材强度及轴压比的增加而增加,但参数过大会导致该试件由钢制剪切板破坏转变为上部预制混凝土墙体破坏;当钢制剪切板开缝处小钢柱高宽比小于3时,试件的破坏由开缝处小钢柱的弯曲破坏变成上部预制混凝土墙体的剪切破坏。因此,需控制合理的设计参数以实现RPW-HSC试件结构损伤可控及震损可修复。RPW-HSC试件抗剪承载力设计方法获得的理论计算值与试验值及有限元结果吻合较好,验证了抗剪承载力设计方法的准确性。

带斜梁的新型扶壁式挡土墙有限元模拟及应力分析

提出一种带斜梁的新型扶壁式挡土墙。首先通过QY-Tools工具箱进行扶壁式挡土墙设计,确定挡土墙设计尺寸,之后利用Midas/Gen进行有限元模拟,比较在库伦土压力作用下新型扶壁挡土墙与传统扶壁挡土墙位移及应力变化趋势。结果表明:扶壁背部增设斜梁的新型扶壁式挡土墙可以优化挡土墙应力分布,减小扶壁间立板的最大位移,实现应力控制配筋,同时也能满足裂缝要求。扶壁、立板及墙趾和墙踵相交位置受力复杂,在设计过程中需采取加强措施,其他部位受力均较小,配筋可优化。

基于整体节点理念的钢盖梁与混凝土墩柱连接结构优化设计

针对传统钢盖梁设置套筒外包混凝土墩柱方案墩梁连接位置刚度突变、应力集中及施工定位精度要求高的问题,基于梁柱整体节点理念,以门式框架墩为例,提出一种钢盖梁与钢套筒连接结构优化方案。该方案将连接位置处钢盖梁和钢套筒腹板设计为整体节点板,钢盖梁和钢套筒翼缘板加劲肋一一对应,并将现场接头设置在钢盖梁侧。以某公路工程匝道桥为背景,采用有限元软件分析其门式框架墩采用传统方案与优化方案的受力性能,并将优化方案应用于实桥。结果表明:该优化方案传力顺畅,结构应力集中程度较低,构造合理;该优化方案施工较为简单,容错性更好,具有良好的推广应用前景。

腹板洞口形状的改变对栓钉的受力分析

【目的】基于腹板洞口形状的改变,研究栓钉连接件的受力特征。【方法】建立精密的有限元模型,通过改变洞口形状,观察栓钉在不同位置及洞口形状下的刚度差异,并通过应力云图得出栓钉掀起的近似计算公式。【结果】研究结果表明,腹板洞口处产生应力集中,且最容易发生破坏,导致腹板洞口正上方的栓钉力学性能最薄弱,其滑移量明显大于其他位置。同时改变洞口形状,对于曲线的整体走势改变不大。随着荷载的不断增加,荷载—滑移曲线走势不再符合线性规律,应力云图和受力模型所反映的结果相吻合。【结论】研究结果可为其他类似工程研究提供参考。