CPS1(Control Performance Standard 1)标准在应用于负荷规模悬殊控制区域中,存在适用性问题,故有必要对CPS1标准进行分析以便改进。通过对CPS1标准频率调节责任分配本质内涵的剖析,和负荷波动幅度与负荷规模之间关系的探究,指出CPS1标...CPS1(Control Performance Standard 1)标准在应用于负荷规模悬殊控制区域中,存在适用性问题,故有必要对CPS1标准进行分析以便改进。通过对CPS1标准频率调节责任分配本质内涵的剖析,和负荷波动幅度与负荷规模之间关系的探究,指出CPS1标准是依据系统的负荷规模分配频率调节责任。由于负荷波动的平滑效应,负荷规模较大控制区域的负荷随机波动与负荷规模(与发电规模相当)的比值较小,因此,在实际运行中大区域获得较好的评价结果是一个必然现象。在明确了这两种模式下(分别按照系统负荷规模和波动幅度分配频率调节责任)评价标准适用条件的基础上,提出了适用于我国电网运行现状标准的改进方法,即:无需进行B系数分配原则的改动,直接对标准中的B系数进行相关修正即可解决其适应性问题。仿真算例结果分析表明,按照原有标准进行评价,大区域将获得较好的评价结果,而所提出CPS1标准调整方法可有效解决该问题。展开更多
In order to improve the life quality of diabetic patients,it is very important to develop rapid-acting insulin formulations that can mimic the physiological meal-time secretion profile of insulin in healthy people.Alt...In order to improve the life quality of diabetic patients,it is very important to develop rapid-acting insulin formulations that can mimic the physiological meal-time secretion profile of insulin in healthy people.Although several insulin analogues have been designed to provide postprandial glycemic control,still there are some serious disadvantages.A supramolecular strategy is presented here to inhibit insulin aggregation and improve its bioactivity by using Cp1-11 peptide.As a fragment of C-peptide in proinsulin,Cp1-11 peptide was found to influence insulin oligomerization by supramolecular interactions.This work demonstrates that the Cp1-11 peptide can interact with oligomeric insulin and facilitate its disaggregation into the physiologically active monomeric form.Computer simulation indicates that Cp1-11 can insert into the space between the C-terminal tail and the N-terminal helix of the B-chain of insulin,causing dissociation of the insulin dimer.The supramolecular assembly of Cp1-11 and insulin can improve the bioavailability and therapeutic effect of insulin on the control of in vivo blood glucose levels.These results suggest that Cp1-11 peptide can modulate the intermolecular interaction of aggregated insulin and prevent the transition from monomeric to multimeric states,and shows great potential for the development of an effective rapid-acting strategy to treat diabetes.展开更多
文摘CPS1(Control Performance Standard 1)标准在应用于负荷规模悬殊控制区域中,存在适用性问题,故有必要对CPS1标准进行分析以便改进。通过对CPS1标准频率调节责任分配本质内涵的剖析,和负荷波动幅度与负荷规模之间关系的探究,指出CPS1标准是依据系统的负荷规模分配频率调节责任。由于负荷波动的平滑效应,负荷规模较大控制区域的负荷随机波动与负荷规模(与发电规模相当)的比值较小,因此,在实际运行中大区域获得较好的评价结果是一个必然现象。在明确了这两种模式下(分别按照系统负荷规模和波动幅度分配频率调节责任)评价标准适用条件的基础上,提出了适用于我国电网运行现状标准的改进方法,即:无需进行B系数分配原则的改动,直接对标准中的B系数进行相关修正即可解决其适应性问题。仿真算例结果分析表明,按照原有标准进行评价,大区域将获得较好的评价结果,而所提出CPS1标准调整方法可有效解决该问题。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (21534008,51322303 and 21174088)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT_15R48)State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering (Grant No.sklpme2017-2-02).
文摘In order to improve the life quality of diabetic patients,it is very important to develop rapid-acting insulin formulations that can mimic the physiological meal-time secretion profile of insulin in healthy people.Although several insulin analogues have been designed to provide postprandial glycemic control,still there are some serious disadvantages.A supramolecular strategy is presented here to inhibit insulin aggregation and improve its bioactivity by using Cp1-11 peptide.As a fragment of C-peptide in proinsulin,Cp1-11 peptide was found to influence insulin oligomerization by supramolecular interactions.This work demonstrates that the Cp1-11 peptide can interact with oligomeric insulin and facilitate its disaggregation into the physiologically active monomeric form.Computer simulation indicates that Cp1-11 can insert into the space between the C-terminal tail and the N-terminal helix of the B-chain of insulin,causing dissociation of the insulin dimer.The supramolecular assembly of Cp1-11 and insulin can improve the bioavailability and therapeutic effect of insulin on the control of in vivo blood glucose levels.These results suggest that Cp1-11 peptide can modulate the intermolecular interaction of aggregated insulin and prevent the transition from monomeric to multimeric states,and shows great potential for the development of an effective rapid-acting strategy to treat diabetes.
