AIM:To construct normal values for the tests of the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score(PHES)and to evaluate its usefulness in the diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE)among Chinese individuals with c...AIM:To construct normal values for the tests of the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score(PHES)and to evaluate its usefulness in the diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE)among Chinese individuals with cirrhosis.METHODS:The five tests of PHES,number connection test-A(NCT-A),number connection test-B,serial dotting test,line tracing test and digit symbol test(DST),were administered to all enrolled subjects in a quiet room with sufficient light.Cirrhotic subjects with overt HE were excluded by the West-Haven criteria and a detailed neurological examination.Based on the nomograms of healthy volunteers,the patients were classified as having MHE when their PHES was less than-4.RESULTS:In total,146 healthy volunteers completed all the PHES tests.Age and education years were confirmed to be predictors of all five tests.In total,53patients with liver cirrhosis completed the PHES.Of the patients with liver cirrhosis,24(45.3%),22(41.5%)and 7(13.2%)had Child-Pugh grades A,B and C,respectively.MHE was diagnosed in 26 patients(49.1%).Compared with compensated cirrhotic patients(Child A),decompensated cirrhotic patients(Child B and C)had a higher proportion of MHE(65.5%vs 29.2%).No differences in age and education years were found between the MHE and non-MHE groups.NCT-A and DST were able to diagnose MHE with a sensitivity of 76.9%and a specificity of 96.3%(AUC=0.866,K=0.735).CONCLUSION:The proportion of MHE is associated with liver function.NCT-A and DST are simple tools that can be used for the diagnosis of MHE in China.展开更多
为提高无线传感器网络安全评估准确性、灵敏性,将安全态势感知的概念引入无线传感器网络安全研究,采用集对分析理论对无线传感器网络安全态势进行评估,用安全态势值判断无线传感器网络受到安全威胁的强弱。实验中使用KDD Cup 1999数据...为提高无线传感器网络安全评估准确性、灵敏性,将安全态势感知的概念引入无线传感器网络安全研究,采用集对分析理论对无线传感器网络安全态势进行评估,用安全态势值判断无线传感器网络受到安全威胁的强弱。实验中使用KDD Cup 1999数据集模拟无线传感器网络攻击,通过改变网络中受攻击节点数量模拟不同强度的网络攻击,并在11种不同的攻击强度下分析安全态势值变化情况。实验结果表明,该模型可以提高无线传感器网络安全评估的准确性,与传统基于安全熵法的评估模型相比,本文提出的方法对中低强度的攻击灵敏度更高,攻击效果区分更加明显,并可根据安全态势值对网络安全态势进行分级。展开更多
文摘AIM:To construct normal values for the tests of the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score(PHES)and to evaluate its usefulness in the diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE)among Chinese individuals with cirrhosis.METHODS:The five tests of PHES,number connection test-A(NCT-A),number connection test-B,serial dotting test,line tracing test and digit symbol test(DST),were administered to all enrolled subjects in a quiet room with sufficient light.Cirrhotic subjects with overt HE were excluded by the West-Haven criteria and a detailed neurological examination.Based on the nomograms of healthy volunteers,the patients were classified as having MHE when their PHES was less than-4.RESULTS:In total,146 healthy volunteers completed all the PHES tests.Age and education years were confirmed to be predictors of all five tests.In total,53patients with liver cirrhosis completed the PHES.Of the patients with liver cirrhosis,24(45.3%),22(41.5%)and 7(13.2%)had Child-Pugh grades A,B and C,respectively.MHE was diagnosed in 26 patients(49.1%).Compared with compensated cirrhotic patients(Child A),decompensated cirrhotic patients(Child B and C)had a higher proportion of MHE(65.5%vs 29.2%).No differences in age and education years were found between the MHE and non-MHE groups.NCT-A and DST were able to diagnose MHE with a sensitivity of 76.9%and a specificity of 96.3%(AUC=0.866,K=0.735).CONCLUSION:The proportion of MHE is associated with liver function.NCT-A and DST are simple tools that can be used for the diagnosis of MHE in China.
文摘为提高无线传感器网络安全评估准确性、灵敏性,将安全态势感知的概念引入无线传感器网络安全研究,采用集对分析理论对无线传感器网络安全态势进行评估,用安全态势值判断无线传感器网络受到安全威胁的强弱。实验中使用KDD Cup 1999数据集模拟无线传感器网络攻击,通过改变网络中受攻击节点数量模拟不同强度的网络攻击,并在11种不同的攻击强度下分析安全态势值变化情况。实验结果表明,该模型可以提高无线传感器网络安全评估的准确性,与传统基于安全熵法的评估模型相比,本文提出的方法对中低强度的攻击灵敏度更高,攻击效果区分更加明显,并可根据安全态势值对网络安全态势进行分级。
