A Combined Antenna Array Deployment with High Positioning Accuracy and Low Angular Measurement Error

In this paper,an antenna array composed of circular array and orthogonal linear array is proposed by using the design of long and short baseline“orthogonal linear array”and the circular array ambiguity resolution design of multi-group baseline clustering.The effectiveness of the antenna array in this paper is verified by sufficient simulation and experiment.After the system deviation correction work,it is found that in the L/S/C/X frequency bands,the ambiguity resolution probability is high,and the phase difference system error between each channel is basically the same.The angle measurement error is less than 0.5°,and the positioning error is less than 2.5 km.Notably,as the center frequency increases,calibration consistency improves,and the calibration frequency points become applicable over a wider frequency range.At a center frequency of 11.5 GHz,the calibration frequency point bandwidth extends to 1200 MHz.This combined antenna array deployment holds significant promise for a wide range of applications in contemporary wireless communication systems.

Consensus Control With a Constant Gain for Discrete-time Binary-valued Multi-agent Systems Based on a Projected Empirical Measure Method

This paper studies the consensus control of multiagent systems with binary-valued observations.An algorithm alternating estimation and control is proposed.Each agent estimates the states of its neighbors based on a projected empirical measure method for a holding time.Based on the estimates,each agent designs the consensus control with a constant gain at some skipping time.The states of the system are updated by the designed control,and the estimation and control design will be repeated.For the estimation,the projected empirical measure method is proposed for the binary-valued observations.The algorithm can ensure the uniform boundedness of the estimates and the mean square error of the estimation is proved to be at the order of the reciprocal of the holding time(the same order as that in the case of accurate outputs).For the consensus control,a constant gain is designed instead of the stochastic approximation based gain in the existing literature for binary-valued observations.And,there is no need to make modification for control since the uniform boundedness of the estimates ensures the uniform boundedness of the agents’states.Finally,the systems updated by the designed control are proved to achieve consensus and the consensus speed is faster than that in the existing literature.Simulations are given to demonstrate the theoretical results.

Stochastic bounded consensus tracking of leader-follower multi-agent systems with measurement noises and sampled-data

This paper is concerned with the stochastic bounded consensus tracking problems of leader-follower multi-agent systems, where the control input of an agent can only use the information measured at the sampling instants from its neighbours or the virtual leader with a time-varying reference state, and the measurements are corrupted by random noises. The probability limit theory and the algebra graph theory are employed to derive the necessary and sufficient conditions guaranteeing the mean square bounded consensus tracking. It is shown that the maximum allowable upper boundary of the sampling period simultaneously depends on the constant feedback gains and the network topology. Furthermore, the effects of the sampling period on the tracking performance are analysed. It turns out that from the view point of the sampling period, there is a trade-off between the tracking speed and the static tracking error. Simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

Stochastic bounded consensus tracking of leader-follower multi-agent systems with measurement noises based on sampled data with general sampling delay

In this paper we provide a unified framework for consensus tracking of leader-follower multi-agent systems with measurement noises based on sampled data with a general sampling delay. First, a stochastic bounded consensus tracking protocol based on sampled data with a general sampling delay is presented by employing the delay decomposition technique. Then, necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for guaranteeing leader-follower multi-agent systems with measurement noises and a time-varying reference state to achieve mean square bounded consensus tracking. The obtained results cover no sampling delay, a small sampling delay and a large sampling delay as three special cases. Last, simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

Asymptotic bounded consensus tracking of double-integrator multi-agent systems with bounded-jerk target based on sampled-data without velocity measurements

This paper investigates asymptotic bounded consensus tracking（ABCT） of double-integrator multi-agent systems（MASs） with an asymptotically-unbounded-acceleration and bounded-jerk target（AUABJT） available to partial agents based on sampled-data without velocity measurements. A sampled-data consensus tracking protocol（CTP） without velocity measurements is proposed to guarantee that double-integrator MASs track an AUABJT available to only partial agents.The eigenvalue analysis method together with the augmented matrix method is used to obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for ABCT. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of theoretical results.

Cotangent Similarity Measure of Consistent Neutrosophic Sets and Application to Multiple Attribute Decision-Making Problems in Neutrosophic Multi-Valued Setting

A neutrosophic multi-valued set(NMVS)is a crucial representation for true,false,and indeterminate multivalued information.Then,a consistent single-valued neutrosophic set(CSVNS)can effectively reflect the mean and consistency degree of true,false,and indeterminate multi-valued sequences and solve the operational issues between different multi-valued sequence lengths in NMVS.However,there has been no research on consistent single-valued neutrosophic similarity measures in the existing literature.This paper proposes cotangent similarity measures and weighted cotangent similarity measures between CSVNSs based on cotangent function in the neutrosophic multi-valued setting.The cosine similarity measures showthe cosine of the angle between two vectors projected into amultidimensional space,rather than their distance.The cotangent similaritymeasures in this study can alleviate several shortcomings of cosine similarity measures in vector space to a certain extent.Then,a decisionmaking approach is presented in viewof the established cotangent similarity measures in the case of NMVSs.Finally,the developed decision-making approach is applied to selection problems of potential cars.The proposed approach has obtained two different results,which have the same sort sequence as the compared literature.The decision results prove its validity and effectiveness.Meantime,it also provides a new manner for neutrosophic multi-valued decision-making issues.

CHB-Consensus:一种基于一致性哈希算法的区块链共识机制研究

区块链中的共识协议使得网络中相互不信任的节点对全网的交易状态达成一致的确认。当前的共识协议在"去中心化、安全性、能耗"3个方面存在矛盾,无法同步优化。针对该问题,本文基于一致性哈希算法,设计实现了全新的区块链共识协议,称为"CHB-Consensus"。该共识协议在"诚实"节点创建新区块时不耗费多余的"算力"资源,但是"恶意"节点进行新块创建攻击或"双花"攻击时需要耗费海量算力。"CHB-Consensus"形成的区块链网络与比特币系统基于同样的安全性假设,因此,"CHB-Consensus"节省了海量算力的同时没有牺牲去中心化和安全性的优势。本文分析了"CHB-Consensus"共识协议可能存在的攻击过程,并给出了严格但可调整的验证策略。"CHB-Consensus"共识过程引入了CA,CA数字证书只作为共识过程的准入凭证,CA对区块链网络及区块链数据结构不具有任何特殊的管理控制权限,但有交易隐私泄露的风险,这取决于CA的安全性和可信性。本文最后分析了"CHB-Consensus"的健壮性及对应不同网络环境的优化策略。

Strong Consistency of CVaR Optimal Estimator

Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) is one of the commonly used risk measures. The paper shows that the optimal estimator of CVaR is strong consistency if the first-order moment of the population exists. We subsequently carry out numerical simulations to test the conclusion. We use the results to make an empirical analysis of Shenzhen A shares.

Sub-external cavity effect and elimination method in laser self-mixing interference wave plate measurement system

Laser self-mixing interference（SMI） wave plate measurement method is a burgeoning technique for its simplicity and efficiency. But for the non-coated sample, the reflected light from the surface can seriously affect the measurement results.To analyze the reason theoretically, a self-consistent model for laser operation with a sub-external and an external cavity is established, and the sub-external cavity formed by the sample and a cavity mirror is proved to be the main error source.A synchronous tuning method is proposed to eliminate the sub-external cavity effect. Experiments are carried out on the synchronously tuning double external cavities self-mixing interference system, and the error of the system is in the range of -0.435°~0.387° compared with the ellipsometer. The research plays an important role in improving the performance and enlarging the application range of the laser self-mixing interference system.

基于包络学习和分级结构一致性机制的不平衡集成算法

集成方法是不平衡学习方法的重要分支,然而,现有不平衡集成方法均作用于原样本而没考虑样本的结构信息,因此其效能仍然有限.样本的结构信息包括局部和全局结构信息.为了解决上述问题,本文提出了一种基于深度样本包络网络(Deep Instance Envelope Network,DIEN)和分级结构一致性机制(Hierarchical Structure Consistency Mechanism,HSCM)的不平衡集成学习算法.该算法在考虑局部流形和全局结构信息的情况下,通过多层样本聚类,生成高质量的多层包络样本,从而实现类平衡化.首先,算法基于样本近邻拼接和模糊C均值聚类算法,设计DIEN来挖掘样本的结构信息,得到深度包络样本.然后,设计局部流形结构度量和全局结构分布度量来构建HSCM用于增强层间样本的分布一致性.接着,将DIEN和HSCM结合起来,构建出优化后的深度样本包络网络——DH(DIEN with HSCM).之后,将基分类器应用于包络样本.最后,设计bagging集成学习机制来融合基分类器的预测结果.文末组织了多组实验,采用了十多个公共数据集和有代表性的相关算法进行验证比较.实验结果表明,本文算法在AUC(Area Under Curve),F-measure等四个性能指标上显著最优.

属性权重动态更新的自适应群体共识决策方法

为了提高不确定语言环境下异构多属性群决策的质量、效率及可解释性,提出一种属性权重动态更新的自适应群体共识决策方法。首先,定义不确定语言变量与中间值之间的转换函数,发展多级共识测度,建立计算属性初始权重的双目标优化模型;进而,构建包含群体共识自动达成规则和属性权重动态更新机制的自适应共识模型,实现待调整值的精准定位和自动修改,在优化属性权重的同时进一步提升群体共识水平;然后,对于达成共识的群体决策矩阵,先利用转换函数将中间值转换为不确定语言变量,再使用属性权重和集结算子得到各方案的综合评价结果;最后,通过供应商选择实例和实验比较分析验证所提方法的有效性和可行性。本文研究结果为灵活、高效地求解复杂环境下的多属性群决策问题提供了有效途径。

两种测量方法在房颤患者左心耳封堵术前评估中的Bland-Altman一致性评价

目的 探讨左心耳(LAA)相关测量参数在基于心脏计算机断层扫描成像(cardiac computed tomography angiography, CCTA)的自动分割测量与手动测量方法的一致性。方法 回顾性收集2016年12月1日~2020年3月31日在解放军总医院心血管医学部接受CCTA检查的非瓣膜性房颤患者168例。以专业医师的手动测量结果作为金标准,使用Bland-Atman统计方法分别对使用Anythink β软件自动测量的左心耳开口平面周长、最长径、最短径,左心耳容积,开口平面与轴断面、矢状面、冠状面的夹角等参数进行一致性分析。结果 左心耳自动测量与手动测量中开口的周长、最长径、最短径的一致性评价组内相关系数(ICC)值分别为0.93、0.854、0.935(P<0.01)。Bland-Altman分析显示左心耳自动测量开口平面周长、最长径、最短径,左心耳容积,开口平面与轴断面、矢状面、冠状面的夹角与手动测量值的差值超出95%一致性限范围的点数均<10%,一致性良好。结论 基于CCTA的左心耳自动分割测量方法可以自动完成LAA形态的识别和相关参数的测量,高效准确,可重复性高,可将其作为一种左心耳封堵术(LAAO)术前评估的测量工具。

基于多传感器信息融合的机床测量数据自动补偿系统

机床测量数据自动补偿能够减少加工误差,为提高机床加工精度,设计基于多传感器信息融合的机床测量数据自动补偿系统。首先设计温度传感器、单片机主控与补偿脉冲发生装置,获取机床运动数据,然后采用多传感器融合算法融合采集信息,对信息中误差处理,采用粗糙集理论寻找最佳补偿值,实现机床测量数据自动补偿。实验结果表明,该系统能够有效减少加工误差,可以满足实际应用要求。

受贿行贿一起查的证据法挑战及其应对

受贿行贿一起查是党中央作出的决策部署。坚持受贿行贿一起查,对于净化权力运行环境、消除受贿犯罪诱因、推进贿赂犯罪的源头治理具有重要意义。在传统的贿赂犯罪查办模式中,办案机关通常采取特别减免行贿者刑事责任的方式,以换取行贿者的证言及其对办案活动的配合,进而实现对受贿者刑事责任的追究。受贿行贿一起查必然要求严格控制对行贿者适用此种激励机制,从而会影响行贿者认罪和供述的积极性,给贿赂犯罪的证明和追诉带来重大挑战。贯彻受贿行贿一起查的反腐败方略,需要在遵循罪责刑相适应原则追究受贿人和行贿人刑事责任的同时,破解贿赂犯罪的证明难题,审慎构建污点证人豁免制度,重视发挥技术调查措施的作用,优化推定证明机制,有限度地引入合意事实观。

慢性阻塞性肺疾病相关性疲劳评估工具的系统评价

目的对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)相关性疲劳特异性评估工具进行系统评价,为今后临床选择和开发高质量工具提供依据。方法检索PubMed、Web of Science、CINAHL、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库和维普数据库中,所有关于COPD相关性疲劳特异性评估工具相关研究。检索时限为建库至2023年5月22日。使用“基于共识选择健康测量工具的标准(COSMIN)指南”对纳入工具的方法学及测量属性特征进行系统评价,综合评定证据等级并形成推荐意见。结果共纳入8个COPD相关性疲劳特异性评估量表,曼彻斯特COPD疲劳量表(MCFS)为A级推荐,修订版慢性病治疗功能评估—疲劳量表(MFACIT-F)、疲劳影响量表(FIS-25)、COPD和哮喘疲劳量表(CAFS)、疲劳评估工具(TFT)、中文修订版曼彻斯特COPD疲劳量表(MCFS-C)、中文修订版疲劳影响量表(FIS-C)、疲劳严重程度量表(FSS)为B级推荐。结论MCFS量表有高等证据支持内容效度、内部一致性和稳定性、中等证据支持结构效度,故暂被推荐使用,但适合我国的COPD相关性疲劳特异性评估工具仍有待进一步开发。

SiPM耦合塑料闪烁体探测器放大电路设计

为了解决硅光电倍增器(Silicon Photomultiplier,SiPM)受环境噪声影响大的问题,设计了一款SiPM耦合塑料闪烁体探测器的信号放大电路。以AD8014放大芯片和CR电路构成负反馈选通放大电路,并且与OPA657跨阻式放大电路进行对比。该款电路以RC滤波输入部分和集成运算放大器构成信号放大电路,具有快上升时间及低输入噪声;以CR高通滤波电路作为比较器信号输入能够有效防止信号反射。实验结果表明:该信号放大电路能够有效滤除环境噪声,并且具备快上升时间。将该电路与塑料闪烁体探测器耦合,在室温下对^(137)Cs源进行暗噪声水平和输出信号一致性测量,其输出脉冲上升时间小于12 ns,暗噪声水平低于30 mV,优于跨阻式放大电路。

结合信誉跳跃一致性哈希的区块链分片协议

区块链面临扩展性问题,目前主要的解决方法是采用分片技术提升交易的处理能力,但分片过后单个分片内节点数量降低,容易造成分片内中心化与拜占庭节点聚集,对网络的安全性产生危害。针对此问题,提出了一个结合信誉跳跃一致性哈希的区块链分片协议。设计了一种节点信誉等级模型,通过节点在网络中的行为赋予节点不同的信誉等级,降低拜占庭节点在网络中的话语权;提出了基于信誉的跳跃一致性哈希分片部分重构算法(reputation-based jump consistent hash sharding partial reconstruction,RJSPR),将信誉值作为节点进行分片重配置的重要考量,减少分片迁移的开销,并且有效提升分片后的网络安全性;提出了一种基于信誉的改进Raft共识算法(reputation-enhanced Raft,RERaft)用于片内共识,使其拥有一定程度的拜占庭容错能力。实验结果表明,RERaft算法在具备一定拜占庭容错能力的同时可以有效提升系统的共识效率,相比于常见的拜占庭容错算法,具有更好的可扩展性。

《心悸(心律失常-室性早搏)多民族医诊疗专家共识》临床问题与结局指标的收集与确定

背景民族医药治疗室性早搏具有诸多优势,然而民族医药滥用的情况普遍,并且缺乏专属的临床用药推荐,因此规范民族医药诊疗室性早搏具有重要意义。目的构建《心悸(心律失常-室性早搏)多民族医诊疗专家共识》的临床问题及结局指标。方法问询专家为共识专家组,涵盖心血管、循证医学、药学领域的专家,心血管方面包括中医、藏医、蒙医、维吾尔医、傣医、朝鲜医、壮医等多民族医专家。基于文献和专家访谈报告,课题组检索中医、藏医、蒙医、维吾尔医、傣医、朝鲜医、壮医等多民族医治疗室性早搏的相关文献。于2023年4月对14位各民族医专家进行一对一线上访谈。整合访谈结果及专家经验,由共识指导委员会、工作组共同起草临床问题与结局指标初稿,并设计调查问卷。于2023年5—7月开展两轮问卷调查,并评价问卷的积极系数、集中程度、协调程度和信度。结果专家组具有多学科协作、权威性和地域代表性的特点。两轮德尔菲法积极系数为99.1%,5个背景问题的均分>4分且满分>40%,10个前景问题的均分>3.9分且满分比>35%,9个结局指标的均分>7分且满分比>30%,平均变异系数分别为14.9%、16.3%、17.6%。临床问题、结局指标的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.267、0.316,χ^(2)检验P<0.05,Cronbach'sα系数分别为0.913、0.905,均>0.700,质量控制结果较理想,问卷设计可信度高。结论借助德尔菲法,构建《心悸(心律失常-室性早搏)多民族医诊疗专家共识》所需解决的临床问题及结局指标,为后续共识制定奠定了基础。

胃癌区域淋巴结体积测量:球面感兴趣区CT阈值法和手动勾画计算容积法的比较

目的:比较和分析两种基于CT影像的胃癌区域淋巴结体积测量方法--球面感兴趣区(Sphere ROI) CT阈值法和手动勾画计算容积法的一致性。方法:收集接受根治性手术治疗的81例胃癌患者资料,根据纳入和排除标准,从转移性、非转移性淋巴结中各选取50枚进行测量和分析,比较两种方法测量淋巴结体积的一致性。一致性检验采用Kappa检验和组内相关系数(ICC)检验。结果:2名医师应用手动勾画计算容积法测量淋巴结体积的一致性(Kappa=0.823,ICC=0.980),以及应用Sphere ROI CT阈值法测量淋巴结体积的一致性(Kappa=0.892,ICC=0.992)均良好,且后者优于前者。另一方面,医师A在不同时间点应用手动勾画计算容积法测量淋巴结体积的一致性(Kappa=0.822, ICC=0.988),以及应用Sphere ROI CT阈值法测量淋巴结体积的一致性(Kappa=0.874,ICC=0.994)也较好,且后者优于前者。结论:Sphere ROI CT阈值法在胃癌区域淋巴结体积测量的一致性优于手动勾画计算容积法,且操作更简单便捷,推荐在胃癌区域淋巴结体积测量上优先考虑使用Sphere ROI CT阈值法。