A comparative study for petroleum removal capacities of the bacterial consortia entrapped in sodium alginate,sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol),and bushnell haas agar

The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the degradation efficiencies of free and entrapped bacterial consortia(Staphylococcus capitis CP053957.1 and Achromobacter marplatensis MT078618.1)to different polymers such as Sodium Alginate(SA),Sodium Alginate/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)(SA/PVA),and Bushnell Haas Agar(BHA).In addition to SA and SA/PVA,which are cost-effective,non-toxic and have different functional groups,BHA,which is frequently encountered in laboratory-scale studies but has not been used as an entrapment material until now.Based on these,the polymers with different surface morphologies and chemical compositions were analyzed by SEM and FT-IR.While the petroleum removal efficiency was higher with the entrapped bacterial consortia than with the free one,BHA-entrapped bacterial consortium enhanced the petroleum removal more than SA and SA/PVA.Accordingly,the degradation rate of bacterial consortia entrapped with BHA was 2.039 day^(-1),SA/PVA was 1.560,SA was 0.993,the half-life period of BHA-entrapped bacterial consortia is quite low(t_(1/2)=0.339)compared with SA(t_(1/2)=0.444)and SA/PVA(t_(1/2)=0.697).The effects of the four main factors such as:amount of BHA(0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3 g),disc size(4,5,6,7,8 mm),inoculum concentration(1,2.5,5,7.5,10 mL),and incubation period on petroleum removal were also investigated.The maximum petroleum removal(94.5%)was obtained at≥2.5 mL of bacterial consortium entrapped in 2 g BHA with a 7 mm disc size at 168 h and the results were also confirmed by statistical analysis.Although a decrease was observed during the reuse of bacterial consortium entrapped in BHA,the petroleum removal was still above 50%at 10th cycle.Based on GC-MS analysis,the removal capacity of BHA-entrapped consortium was over 90%for short-chain n-alkanes and 80%for medium-chain n-alkanes.Overall,the obtained data are expected to provide a potential guideline in cleaning up the large-scale oil pollution in the future.Since there has been no similar study investigating petroleum removal with the bacterial consortia entrapped with BHA,this novel entrapment material can potentially be used in the treatment of petroleum pollution in advanced remediation studies.

Unicorn Consortia系统中出现的缺题名问题的分析

简要介绍了天津高校图书馆Unicorn Consortia系统的概况,分析了在图书编目中利用Z39.50下载书目数据时产生的缺题名问题,并提出了有效的解决办法。

Production and application of a novel bioflocculant by multiple-microorganism consortia using brewery wastewater as carbon source

The flocculating activity of a novel bioflocculant MMF1 produced by multiple-microorganism consortia MM1 was investigated. MM1 was composed of strain BAFRT4 identified as Staphylococcus sp. and strain CYGS1 identified as Pseudomonas sp. The flocculating activity of MMF1 isolated from the screening medium was 82.9%, which is remarkably higher than that of the bioflocculant produced by either of the strains under the same condition. Brewery wastewater was also used as the carbon source for MM1, and the cost-effective production medium for MM1 mainly comprised 1.0 L brewery water （chemical oxygen demand （COD） 5000 mg/L）, 0.5 g/L urea, 0.5 g/L yeast extract, and 0.2 g/L （NH4）2SO4. The optimal conditions for the production of MMF1 was inoculum size 2%, initial pH 6.0, cultivating temperature 30℃, and shaking speed 160 r/min, under which the flocculating activity of the MMF1 reached 96.8%. Fifteen grams of purified bioflocculant could be recovered from 1.0 L of fermentation broth. MMF1 was identified as a macromolecular substance containing both protein and polysaccharide. It showed good flocculating performance in treating indigotin printing and dyeing wastewater, and the maximal removal efficiencies of COD and chroma were 79.2% and 86.5%, respectively.

Effect of Domestic Wastewater as Co-Substrate on Biological Stain Wastewater Treatment Using Fungal/Bacterial Consortia in Pilot Plant and Greenhouse Reuse

In this study, a pilot wastewater treatment plant was used to evaluate the co-treatment of biological-staining residues and domestic wastewater under non-sterile conditions. A novel microbial consortia formed by Trametes versicolor, Trametes sp, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas azotoformans, Pseudomonas sp, Enterobacter xianfangensis and Bacillus subtillis was inoculated in an extended aeration type bio-reactor. The treatment units were operated during three consecutive cycles during a period of 147 h. After the last operating cycle, the concentrations of Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Color Units, Total suspended solids, and the pH value were 1695 mg/L, 105 mg/L, 106 CU, 5), 1367 (CU), 566 mg/L (TSS) and 7.0 (pH) respectively. The reduction of pollutants load was related with the ratio of the two types of wastewater (3.5:0.5) combined to increase biodegradability, the concentration of fungi and bacteria used in the consortia (30 × 103 - 55 × 106 CUF/mL Total Fungi and 70 × 107 - 83 × 108 CFU/mL of Total Bacteria) and ligninolytic enzymes production, Laccase (13 - 96 U/L), MnP (9.8 - 39 U/L) and LiP (0.3 - 5.3 U/L). The post-treated effluent was used as irrigation water. Lolium perenne plants were watered during 60 days with post-treated effluent. The results of root weight showed that there are significant differences between the initial water and the effluent obtained after the operational cycles (p = 0.00470). The highest root weights (1 - 1.12 g) were found in plants irrigated with water obtained from the last treatment cycle.

Construction of algal-bacterial consortia using green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and As(Ⅲ)-oxidizing bacteria:As tolerance and metabolomic profiling

Bioremediation became a promising technology to resolve arsenic(As)contamination in aquatic environment.Since monoculture such as microalgae or bacteria was sensitive to environmental disturbance and vulnerable to contamination,green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and arsenite(As(Ⅲ))-oxidizing bacteria Pseudomonas sp.SMS11 were co-cultured to construct algal-bacterial consortia in the current study.The effects of algae-bacteria(A:B)ratio and exposure As(Ⅲ)concentration on algal growth,As speciation and metabolomic profile were investigated.Algal growth arrested when treated with 100 mg/L As(Ⅲ)without the co-cultured bacteria.By contrast,co-cultured with strain SMS11 significantly enhanced As tolerance in C.vulgaris especially with A:B ratio of 1:10.All the As(Ⅲ)in culture media of the consortia were oxidized into As(Ⅴ)on day 7.Methylation of As was observed on day 14.Over 1% and 0.5% of total As were converted into dimethylarsinic acid(DMA)after 21days cultivation when the initial concentrations of As(Ⅲ)were 1 and 10 mg/L,respectively.Metabolomic analysis was further performed to reveal the response of consortia metabolites to external As(Ⅲ).The enriched metabolomic pathways were associated with carbohydrate,amino acid and energy metabolisms.Tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were upregulated under As stress due to their biological functions on alleviating oxidative stress and protecting cells.Both carbohydrate and amino acid metabolisms provided precursors and potential substrates for energy production and cell protection under abiotic stress.Alterations of the pathways relevant to carbohydrate or amino acid metabolism were triggered by energy requirement.

Light-driven synthetic microbial consortia:playing with an oxygen dilemma

Background:Light-driven synthetic microbial consortia are composed of photoautotrophs and heterotrophs.They exhibited better performance in stability,robustness and capacity for handling complex tasks when comparing with axenic cultures.Different from general microbial consortia,the intrinsic property of photosynthetic oxygen evolution in light-driven synthetic microbial consortia is an important factor affecting the functions of the consortia.Results:In light-driven microbial consortia,the oxygen liberated by photoautotrophs will result in an aerobic environment,which exerts dual effects on different species and processes.On one hand,oxygen is favorable to the synthetic microbial consortia when they are used for wastewater treatment and aerobic chemical production,in which biomass accumulation and oxidized product formation will benefit from the high energy yield of aerobic respiration.On the other hand,the oxygen is harmful to the synthetic microbial consortia when they were used for anaerobic processes including biohydrogen production and bioelectricity generation,in which the presence of oxygen will deactivate some biological components and compete for electrons.Conclusions:Developing anaerobic processes in using light-driven synthetic microbial consortia represents a costeffective alternative for production of chemicals from carbon dioxide and light.Thus,exploring a versatile approach addressing the oxygen dilemma is essential to enable light-driven synthetic microbial consortia to get closer to practical applications.

Unicorn Consortia联合图书馆系统的应用研究

论述Unicorn Consortia联合图书馆系统在天津市17所高校图书馆的具体应用和该系统的内涵形式与功能特性。阐述成员馆向联合图书馆系统平台切换的参数制定、数据合并上载、数据典藏、培训认证、系统切换等实施过程,分析该系统的管理体系和管理机制,并提出相应的管理方法。

市域产教联合体公共价值创造的逻辑与路径

建立市域产教联合体是我国构建现代职业教育体系的重要探索,它具有协同创新性、地方性、契约性、开放性与融通性等多重特征,立足公共价值创造分析视角能帮助理解市域产教联合体超越“教育”或“产业”领域价值的组织本质。公共价值创造分析框架呈现了市域产教联合体增强职业教育经济社会适应性与人才培养组织支持水平、改善企业人力资源和技术技能结构以及提升企业形象等方面的公众价值基础,并充分阐述了其在优化资源配置、促进社会价值共识、强化社会凝聚力和提升公众福祉等方面的公共价值结构。推动市域产教联合体建设,应准确识别公共价值内涵,定位市域产教联合体的组织目标,在制度完善过程中寻求价值公约数以及强化组织能力,不断优化运行机制,塑造协同文化,构建价值共创格局,从而实现市域产教联合体公共价值创造。

风险态度视角下深圳市龙华区医联体医生下转患者意愿与经济激励效应

目的:在深圳市龙华区医疗联合体出台定额向下转诊患者经济激励政策背景下,探讨政策认知和风险态度对医生下转意愿的影响机制与经济激励效应。方法:采用随机抽样方法对龙华区医联体2家牵头医院的医生进行问卷调查,运用相对风险规避系数测算医生的风险态度类型,对数据进行描述性分析、采用χ^(2)检验分析不同特征的医联体医生下转意愿的差异与二元logistic回归模型分析医联体医生下转意愿的影响因素。结果:共回收有效问卷254份,有效回收率为90.7%。其中,181人表示愿意下转(71.26%),201人了解下转经济激励政策(79.13%),226人重视下转经济激励政策(88.98%),110人属于风险厌恶型(43.31%);对下转经济激励政策了解与重视程度、风险态度类型是医生下转意愿的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:当前龙华区医联体医生下转意愿处于中高水平,经济激励效应明显;医生对经济激励政策认知情况较好,降低了其下转决策不确定性;风险偏好型医生下转意愿更强。提示应完善医联体内下转经济激励与绩效考核政策设计;加强政策宣传,提高医联体医生对下转政策的认知,利用有限的经济激励获得最大化的下转激励效果。

创新联合体知识转移情境因素研究——数字技术应用视角

创新联合体是面向科技自立自强的新型创新组织形态,数字技术为其提供关键技术支撑。运用系统动力学方法分析创新联合体知识转移过程以及数字技术、创新联合体运行机制和融通创新文化等情境因素对知识转移的影响规律。研究表明,数字技术应用视角下创新联合体的知识转移能够实现转移主体的知识交流融通和知识量增加;创新联合体运行机制可通过增强知识转移意愿和完善转移渠道正向影响知识转移;融通创新文化可提升知识转移意愿进而促进知识转移;数字技术通过降低知识内隐性、提升知识数字化和优化转移渠道正向驱动知识转移,同时,通过增加知识复杂性阻碍知识转移,但总体表现为正向影响。

多中心治理视域下中医医共体建设实践及完善对策

县域医共体是构建优质高效医疗卫生服务体系的突破口,具有解决医疗服务体系碎片化问题、提升县域医疗卫生资源整体效能等现实意义。国家支持中医医院牵头组建县域医共体,提升基层中医药服务可及性的能力。因此,本研究在梳理中医医共体建设理论研究和政策实践基础上,根据多中心治理理论的核心思想,从治理主体、治理方式、治理规则、治理目标等层面分析江苏省江阴市中医医共体发展现状及存在的问题。在多中心治理理论视域下,提出完善中医医共体建设的政策建议:加强规范中医医共体建设多中心治理主体;持续完善中医医共体建设多中心治理体系;协同构建中医医共体建设多中心治理规则;共同追求中医医共体建设多中心治理目标。

菌藻生物膜反应器处理养猪废水机制研究

利用菌藻共生生物膜系统处理畜禽养殖废水,反应器是关键的工序和重要的限制因素。设计菌藻生物膜反应器运行处理养猪废水,通过调节进水氨氮质量浓度探究其对污染物去除效率及微藻生物量的影响,扫描电镜观察载体上菌藻生物膜的形成情况,然后利用高通量测序进一步探究微生物群落的变化,从而揭示菌藻生物膜污水处理系统的污染物去除规律和微生物响应机制。结果表明,当进水氨氮质量浓度为200 mg/L时,氨氮的日去除速率最高可达到35.60 mg/(L·d),并在载体上观察到大量微藻和细菌的团簇体,表明菌藻生物膜形成,优势菌属为Prevotella_9、Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1、Acinetobacter和Bifidobacterium;当进水氨氮质量浓度为300 mg/L时,氨氮的日去除速率显著提高,最高可达到45.70 mg/(L·d),但持续的高氨氮负荷会对菌藻生物膜造成一定冲击,优势菌属演替为Comamonas和Christensenellaceae_R-7_group。

Design and construction of synthetic microbial consortia in China

The rapid development of synthetic biology enables the design,construction and optimization of synthetic microbial consortia to achieve specific functions.In China,the“973”project-“Design and Construction of Microbial Consortia”was funded by the National Basic Research Program of China in January 2014.It was proposed to address the fundamental challenges in engineering natural microbial consortia and reconstructing microbial consortia to meet industrial demands.In this review,we will introduce this“973”project,including the significance of microbial consortia,the fundamental scientific issues,the recent research progresses,and some case studies about synthetic microbial consortia in the past two and a half years.

Bistability and oscillations in co-repressive synthetic microbial consortia

Background： Synthetic microbial consortia are conglomerations of genetically engineered microbes programmed to cooperatively bring about population-level phenotypes. By coordinating their activity, the constituent strains can display emergent behaviors that are difficult to engineer into isogenic populations. To do so, strains are engineered to communicate with one another through intercellular signaling pathways that depend on cell density. Methods： Here, we used computational modeling to examine how the behavior of synthetic microbial consortia results from the interplay between population dynamics governed by cell growth and internal transcriptional dynamics governed by cell-ceil signaling. Specifically, we examined a synthetic microbial consortium in which two strains each produce signals that down-regulate transcription in the other. Within a single strain this regulatory topology is called a ＂co-repressive toggle switch＂ and can lead to bistability. Results： We found that in co-repressive synthetic microbial consortia the existence and stability of different states depend on population-level dynamics. As the two strains passively compete for space within the colony, their relative fractions fluctuate and thus alter the strengths of intercellular signals. These fluctuations drive the consortium to alternative equilibria. Additionally, if the growth rates of the strains depend on their transcriptional states, an additional feedback loop is created that can generate oscillations. Conclusions： Our findings demonstrate that the dynamics of microbial consortia cannot be predicted from their regulatory topologies alone, but are also determined by interactions between the strains. Therefore, when designing synthetic microbial consortia that use intercellular signaling, one must account for growth variations caused by the production of protein.

Construction of synthetic microbial consortia for 2-keto-L-gulonic acid biosynthesis

Currently,the establishment of synthetic microbial consortia with rational strategies has gained extensive attention,becoming one of the important frontiers of synthetic biology.Systems biology can offer insights into the design and construction of synthetic microbial consortia.Taking the high-efficiency production of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid(2-KLG)as an example,we constructed a synthetic microbial consortium“Saccharomyces cerevisiae-Ketogulonigenium vulgare”based on systems biology analysis.In the consortium,K.vulgare was the 2-KLG pro-ducing strain,and S.cerevisiae acted as the helper strain.Comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed on an engineered S.cerevisiae(VTC2)and a wild-type S.cerevisiae BY4741.The results showed that the up-regulated genes in VTC2,compared with BY4741,were mainly involved in glycolysis,TCA cycle,purine metabolism,and biosynthesis of amino acids,B vitamins,and antioxidant proteases,all of which play important roles in pro-moting the growth of K.vulgare.Furthermore,Vitamin C produced by VTC2 could further relieve the oxidative stress in the environment to increase the production of 2-KLG.Therefore,VTC2 would be of great advantage in working with K.vulgare.Thus,the synthetic microbial consortium"VTC2-K.vulgare"was constructed based on transcriptomics analyses,and the accumulation of 2-KLG was increased by 1.49-fold compared with that of mono-cultured K.vulgare,reaching 13.2±0.52 g/L.In addition,the increased production of 2-KLG was accompanied by the up-regulated activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the medium and the up-regulated oxidative stress-related genes(sod,cat and gpd)in K.vulgare.The results indicated that the oxida-tive stress in the synthetic microbial consortium was efficiently reduced.Thus,systems analysis confirmed a favorable symbiotic relationship between microorganisms,providing guidance for further engineering synthetic consortia.

“互联网+”背景下医联体中药房区域共享模式探究

目的探索城乡医联体区域共享中药房运行新模式,为基层群众提供同质化的中医药服务。方法以医联体牵头医院为依托,联合基层成员单位,基于互联网医院,构建城乡医联体区域共享中药房运行模式。结果改善了基层优质中医药服务资源不足的问题,破解了基层医疗机构饮片配备不齐、医师开方不便的瓶颈,保障了基层用药品种齐全和质量安全,助力基层中医药事服务能力提升。结论“互联网+”背景下医联体中药房区域共享模式可以扩展中医药服务范围、实现区域中医药服务同质化、提升基层中医药服务能力和水平。

我国现阶段市域产教联合体建设政策文本研究——基于政策工具视角的分析

市域产教联合体建设是推进产教融合、提升职业教育适应性的重要举措。运用政策工具理论,以各级政府部门及其直属机关发布的市域产教联合体建设专项或相关政策文件为研究对象,通过X轴分析、Y轴分析和二维交叉分析发现,市域产教联合体建设政策结构基本合理,但拉力推动略显不足;环境型政策支持较强,但内部结构有所失衡;下位政策有所跟进,但仍需细化深化。建议增强供给推动与需求拉动,形成政策合力;整合规范约束与经济激励,优化工具结构;强化纵向协调与横向联动,提升施政效率。

基于岗位价值视角下某县域医共体绩效管理的实践探索

目的通过构建县域医共体绩效管理体系,探索提高基层医疗卫生机构公共卫生服务与医疗服务效率的方法。方法借鉴岗位价值理论与以资源为基础的相对价值比率(resource-based relative value scale,RBRVS)绩效工具,构建县域医共体绩效管理体系,结合平阳县的实践经验,分析绩效改革对推动当地基层医疗卫生机构工作能力与效率提升的影响。结果全县22家卫生院在新服务项目拓展、适宜技术推广、人才培养方面都有明显效果。结论体现了政府对基层办医的投入和监督管理职责;通过绩效改革夯实了基层医疗卫生机构的医疗服务能力,使分级诊疗制度得以落实,满足了属地居民的就医需求。

市域产教联合体背景下职业本科院校深化产教融合建设的意义、目标与路径

市域产教联合体是职业教育深化产教融合、校企合作育人的战略布局。以市域产教联合体为抓手完善职教本科院校特色专业集群建设、探索职业本科院校特色创新创业教育模式、提升职业本科院校与产业发展的适配性,以达到推动职业本科院校产教融合“育人新范式”,力求职业本科院校产教融合“实体化运作”,促进职业本科院校产教融合“要素协同创新”,共建职业本科院校产教融合“命运共同体”的目标,通过创新体制机制,构建政、企、校、研新型协作关系;扩大共建共享,推动各类主体深度参与区域职业教育;促进产教融合一体化育人,提升职业本科院校人才培养质量;拓宽合作领域和路径,提升职业本科院校社会服务能力,贡献“职教本科”方案。