Robust Nonlinear Current Sensorless Control of the Boost Converter with Constant Power Load

The boost converter feeding a constant power load (CPL) is a non-minimum phase system that is prone to the destabilizing effects of the negative incremental resistance of the CPL and presents a major challenge in the design of stabilizing controllers. A PWM-based current-sensorless robust sliding mode controller is developed that requires only the measurement of the output voltage. An extended state observer is developed to estimate a lumped uncertainty signal that comprises the uncertain load power and the input voltage, the converter parasitics, the component uncertainties and the estimation of the derivative of the output voltage needed in the implementation of the controller. A linear sliding surface is used to derive the controller, which is simple in its design and yet exhibits excellent features in terms of robustness to external disturbances, parameter uncertainties, and parasitics despite the absence of the inductor’s current feedback. The robustness of the controller is validated by computer simulations.

Research on Anti-Fluctuation Control of Winding Tension System Based on Feedforward Compensation

In the fiber winding process,strong disturbance,uncertainty,strong coupling,and fiber friction complicate the winding constant tension control.In order to effectively reduce the influence of these problems on the tension output,this paper proposed a tension fluctuation rejection strategy based on feedforward compensation.In addition to the bias harmonic curve of the unknown state,the tension fluctuation also contains the influence of bounded noise.A tension fluctuation observer(TFO)is designed to cancel the uncertain periodic signal,in which the frequency generator is used to estimate the critical parameter information.Then,the fluctuation signal is reconstructed by a third-order auxiliary filter.The estimated signal feedforward compensates for the actual tension fluctuation.Furthermore,a time-varying parameters fractional-order PID controller(TPFOPID)is realized to attenuate the bounded noise in the fluctuation.Finally,TPFOPID is enhanced by TFO and applied to control a tension control system considering multi-source disturbances.The stability of the method is analyzed by using the Lyapunov theorem.Finally,numerical simulations verify that the proposed scheme improves the tracking ability and robustness of the system in response to tension fluctuations.

Constant Speed Control of Four-stroke Micro Internal Combustion Swing Engine

The increasing demands on safety, emission and fuel consumption require more accurate control models of micro internal combustion swing engine （MICSE）. The objective of this paper is to investigate the constant speed control models of four-stroke MICSE The operation principle of the four-stroke MICSE is presented based on the description of MICSE prototype. A two-level Petri net based hybrid mode/ is proposed to mode/ the four-stroke MICSE engine cycle. The Petri net subsystem at the upper level controls and synchronizes the four Petri net subsystems at the lower level. The continuous sub-models, including breathing dynamics of intake manifold, thermodynamics of the chamber and dynamics of the torque generation, are investigated and integrated with the discrete model in MATLAB Simulink. Through the comparison of experimental data and simulated DC voltage output, it is demonstrated that the hybrid model is valid for the four-stroke MICSE system. A nonlinear model is obtained from the cycle average data via the regression method, and it is linearized around a given nominal equilibrium point for the controller design. The feedback controller of the spark timing and valve duration timing is designed with a sequential loop closing design approach. The simulation of the sequential loop closure control design applied to the hybrid model is implemented in MATLAB. The simulation results show that the system is able to reach its desired operating point within 0.2 s, and the designed controller shows good MICSE engine performance with a constant speed. This paper presents the constant speed control models of four-stroke MICSE and carries out the simulation tests, the models and the simulation results can be used for further study on the precision control of four-stroke MICSE.

Structure modification and constant remelting speed control of a 120-t three-phase electroslag furnace

The traditional large electroslag remelting furnaces have many shortages,such as high short-network impedance and inductance,long maintenance time for electrode replacement,low stiffness of driveline,and low control accuracy of remelting speed.The present research was aimed to solve these problems through structure modification and constant remelting speed control for a 120-t electroslag remelting(ESR) furnace.Based on the technique of three-phase double electrodes in series,the short-network system and the structure of the 120-t ESR furnace were improved;and a continuous feeding system for the self-consumption electrode was proposed.A selfdesigned fully hydraulic driveline system with three degrees of freedom was successfully applied to the 120-t ESR furnace.An electrode auto-replacement system and the S-style speed-control curve of electrode-feeding system were designed on the basis of the soft measurement/sensing model on the remaining electrode length so as to obtain a high accuracy control system for constant remelting speed.The experiment products showed good surface quality and cross-sectional results,indicating good system control,and verifying the effectiveness of the structure modification of the furnace.

CONSTANT WORK-POINT CONTROL FOR PARALLEL HYBRID SYSTEM WITH CAPACITOR ACCUMULATOR IN HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR

Limitations of various accumulators in hybrid hydraulic excavator are analyzed. A program using capacitor as the accumulator based on constant work-point control is put forward. A simulating experimental system of hybrid construction machinery is established, and experimental study on constant work-point control for parallel hybrid system with capacitor accumulator is carried out using the pressure and flow rate derived from boom cylinder of hydraulic excavator in actual work as the simulating loads. A program of double work-point control is proposed and proved by further experiments.

Variable Tension Control for Discontinuous Tape Winding of Composites Based on Constant Extension Ratio

Discontinuous tape winding, which has obvious advantages in large extension ratio winding, is widely used in the molding of composites. Therefore, the research on technological parameters becomes the focus of many scholars. However, how to accomplish the variable tension control is usually not fully considered. Accordingly, the constant extension ratio and the smoothness of winding process cannot be ensured. Aiming at the problem of tension control, this paper first gives a comparatively deep research on the control method and the interaction mechanism of tension, extension ratio, automatic lap and automatic rectification. Then, according to the winding process features, the mechanical device and the mathematical model of tension control system are established respectively. With regard to the characteristics of PID controller and fuzzy controller, the fuzzy self-tuning PID controller is designed. As a result, the variable tension control is realized during the winding and lapping process, and the constant extension ratio is guaranteed. Finally, a sample application is presented for demonstration. By presenting the variable tension control techniques for discontinuous tape winding, the constant extension ratio of tapes is achieved, the consecution and the automation degree of winding process is improved as well. Thus, the quality of wound products is guaranteed.

Consensus Control With a Constant Gain for Discrete-time Binary-valued Multi-agent Systems Based on a Projected Empirical Measure Method

This paper studies the consensus control of multiagent systems with binary-valued observations.An algorithm alternating estimation and control is proposed.Each agent estimates the states of its neighbors based on a projected empirical measure method for a holding time.Based on the estimates,each agent designs the consensus control with a constant gain at some skipping time.The states of the system are updated by the designed control,and the estimation and control design will be repeated.For the estimation,the projected empirical measure method is proposed for the binary-valued observations.The algorithm can ensure the uniform boundedness of the estimates and the mean square error of the estimation is proved to be at the order of the reciprocal of the holding time(the same order as that in the case of accurate outputs).For the consensus control,a constant gain is designed instead of the stochastic approximation based gain in the existing literature for binary-valued observations.And,there is no need to make modification for control since the uniform boundedness of the estimates ensures the uniform boundedness of the agents’states.Finally,the systems updated by the designed control are proved to achieve consensus and the consensus speed is faster than that in the existing literature.Simulations are given to demonstrate the theoretical results.

A LOCAL CONTROLLER BASED CONSTANT TENSION CONTROL SYSTEM

This paper is mainly about a local controller whose main function is to achieve the constant tension of the thin denier filament in the high speed winding process. A mathematic model of the induction motor while controlling its stator frequency and voltage is given. A new kind of variable parameter, real time constant tension control system is presented. The paper uses the microprocessor -INTEL 8097 as the CPU of the local controller. A standard serial communication interface-RS232 is used to communicate with the main computer. Computer simulation and experiment test show that this system has good control characteristics.

Non-inverting buck-boost DC-DC converter based on constant inductor current control

The hysteresis control combined with PWM control non-inverting buck-boost was proposed to improve the light load efficiency and power density.The constant inductor current control(CICC)was established to mitigate the dependence on the external components and device variation and make smooth transition between hysteresis control loop and pulse width modulation(PWM)control loop.The small signal model was deduced for the buck and boost operation mode.The inductor current slope control(ICSC)was proposed to implement the automatic mode transition between buck and boost mode in one switching cycle.The results show that the converter prototype has good dynamic response capability,achieving 94%efficiency and 95%peak efficiency at full 10 A load current.

Centralized Solar PV Systems for Static Loads Using Constant Voltage Control Method

The alternative energy resources, like solar, are always complementary due to environmental changes. Energy generation with the sources such as solar and wind is gaining importance and of that photovoltaic conversion is the main focus of researches due to its promising potential as the electrical source. This paper presents the constant voltage method of control where the output of the converter is maintained constant irrespective of the variations in the irradiance with the high step-up isolated efficient single switch DC-DC converter for the solar PV systems. Constant voltage method of control uses the array of photovoltaic systems as its energy source. The output of the Solar PV systems is nonlinear and has its dependency on temperature and irradiance by which the panel voltage and current varies with the variation in irradiance. Constant voltage control method always operates in such a way that the converter voltage is tried to be maintained constantly to the reference voltage which is set by the user. The system used here utilizes high step single switch isolated DC-DC converter and monitors the voltage continuously by varying the duty cycle to maintain the converter voltage always constant. As a way of improving the performance, both the open and closed loop analysis is done where the closed loop analysis uses the PI controller for its performance. The model is implemented in MATLAB and it accepts the irradiance as the input and outputs the constant voltage from the converter and the feasibility of the proposed converter topology is confirmed with experimental results of the prototype model.

Proportion Integration Differentiation(PID)Control Strategy of Belt Sander Based on Fuzzy Algorithm

Aiming at solving the problems of response lag and lack of precision and stability in constant grinding force control of industrial robot belts,a constant force control strategy combining fuzzy control and proportion integration differentiation(PID)was proposed by analyzing the signal transmission process and the dynamic characteristics of the grinding mechanism.The simulation results showed that compared with the classical PID control strategy,the system adjustment time was shortened by 98.7%,the overshoot was reduced by 5.1%,and the control error was 0.2%-0.5%when the system was stabilized.The optimized fuzzy control system had fast adjustment speeds,precise force control and stability.The experimental analysis of the surface morphology of the machined blade was carried out by the industrial robot abrasive grinding mechanism,and the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the control strategy were verified.

Application of Neural network PID Controller in Constant Temper-ature and Constant Liquid-level System

Guided by the principle of neural network, an intelligent PID controller based on neural network is devised and applied to control of constant temperature and constant liquidlevel system. The experiment results show that this controller has high accuracy and strong robustness and good characters.

基于LSTM神经网络的烟丝水分恒定控制系统设计

在烟丝加工过程中,水分分布受到温度、湿度多个因素的影响,控制系统无法准确反映整体水分情况;为全面提高加工型香烟的质量水平,设计基于LSTM神经网络的烟丝水分恒定控制系统;部署Profibus控制总线,并在线路体系中连接水分检测仪与水分恒定器,完成烟丝水分恒定控制系统的硬件设计;在系统软件设计方面,构建LSTM神经网络单元,根据烟叶吸湿能力分析条件,求解具体的水分分布模型,实现基于LSTM神经网络的烟丝水分模型建模;分别计算烟叶出口湿度与出口温度,并联合传递函数逼近参量与恒定时滞参数,完成对控制参数的整定处理,再联合相关应用部件,实现基于LSTM神经网络的烟丝水分恒定控制系统设计;实验结果表明,LSTM神经网络模型作用下,生丝含水量被稳定控制在13%~18%数值之间,不会因水分过量问题而导致香烟质量水平无法达到实际加工标准。

基于级联式整流电源的恒流均压控制方法

针对电磁探测的大功率电磁场激发需要,文中采用输入并联输出串联的级联式整流电源,提高输出电压等级,保证激发功率。为了满足电磁探测过程中输出电流的稳定性,提出了基于双闭环的恒流均压控制算法。分析了级联式直流电源恒流均压输出的原理,建立了电源的数学模型,设计了电压电流环的控制器,在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建仿真模型并通过控制器参数优化从而降低误差。级联式直流电源由于上下两部分可能存在器件参数不同的情况,这就导致在恒流控制下两级电源输出电压不同,在动态情况下的偏差会更大从而引起器件不均压而损坏,因此在考虑控制恒流输出的同时需要加入控制均压输出。通过对输出电流电压进行采样,经控制器转换为相应的脉冲触发所对应的开关器件从而实现恒流均压输出。仿真结果显示输出电流控制在2 A,电流变化在5%以下。

计及恒定减载桨距角控制的风电高占比电力系统频率动态特性分析

在新型电力系统中,风电主动参与电网频率调节已成为必然,如何评估风电参与调频对频率动态特性的影响也成为了研究热点。围绕现有的风电调频措施,提出一种可以在额定风速前减少变桨动作次数的恒定减载桨距角的改进风电机组变桨控制,推导出该控制下风电机组参与一次调频的调差系数表达式。基于此构建了含恒定减载桨距角控制的电力系统频率响应模型。推导出频率动态特性指标的解析表达式,揭示了风速、初始桨距角等对风电机组调差系数及频率动态特性的影响机理。通过改进的IEEE三机九节点系统验证了所构建频率等值模型的准确性以及所提调频方法的有效性和可行性。

一种改进的基于电网幅值跌落的SWISS整流器协调优化控制方法

SWISS整流器因其优越的性能被广泛应用于充电桩、分布式直流电源等场合。其首要的控制目标是维持稳定的直流侧输出电压、正弦且对称的交流侧三相电流以及网侧单位功率因数。然而,当电网出现幅值跌落时,基于传统的控制方法很难同时实现上述3个控制目标。因此,该文分别提出适用于电网幅值跌落的输出电压恒定控制(constant output voltage control,COVC)方法和电流正弦对称控制(sinusoidal and symmetrical current control,SSCC)方法。前者可实现直流侧输出电压恒定无波动,但无法实现网侧电流的正弦且对称。后者可实现网侧电流正弦且对称,但无法实现直流侧电压输出恒定无波动。在此基础上,该文结合这2种控制方法的优势进一步提出一种改进的协调优化控制(improved coordination and optimization control,ICOC)方法,可实现网侧处于单位功率因数的同时,在直流侧输出电压恒定无波动和网侧电流正弦且对称之间进行协调优化,实验结果证明ICOC方法相较于COVC和SSCC具有显著的优势,与该文的理论分析一致。

流域水资源调配关键技术研究

长距离调水工程往往具有规模大、管理难、条件差和系民生等特点,根据中央提出的关于加快构建“系统完备、安全可靠,集约高效、绿色智能,循环通畅、调控有序”的国家水网的要求,以提升流域水资源调配能力为目的,通过建设自动化和信息化软件,推行扁平化改革,压缩管理层级,形成高效的水资源调配管理新模式。通过对某流域调水工程信息化系统的建设,开发水资源管控、流量平衡和恒水位控制系统,能够满足水资源调配业务的需求。

无线电能传输系统恒流输出控制方法研究

此处提出了一种发射端控制的无线电能传输(WPT)系统输出恒流调节方法。该方法无需在接收端增加传感器和无线通信装置,即可实现对系统输出电流的调节,因此,能够减小接收端体积和重量。首先,建立WPT系统等效电路模型,考虑整流电路等效输入阻抗的电阻和电感分量,推导得到发射端电压/电流与负载电流之间的量化关系;然后,采集发射端并联电容电压有效值和输入直流电流值,并通过逆变器移相控制,实现系统恒流输出;最后,搭建WPT实验台架,实验结果表明:在变负载工况下,恒流控制精度在3%以内,动态调节时间小于200ms,从而实现了负载电流快速、精准的调节。

基于恒功率约束的换挡毂数控铣削加工控制系统设计与实现

【目的】汽车双离合变速箱(Double Clutch Transmission,DCT)的核心零部件换挡毂加工制造精度要求高,针对数控铣削工艺的非线性问题,通过优化切削参数,以提高生产效率及延长刀具寿命。【方法】以主轴负载恒功率为约束条件,设计一种基于模糊控制算法的铣削加工控制系统。采用CP1E N30作为主控制器、CX-programmer开发下位机程序、Kingview开发上位机系统,完成基于主轴功率信号反馈的智能控制器的开发。【结果】在XHK716加工中心机床上实现铣削工艺的恒功率控制,通过换挡毂粗铣B平面工艺过程的应用,可知实时功率保持在目标功率附近。【结论】该控制系统提高了铣削加工效率,实现了保护刀具的目标,对延长刀具寿命有较好的参考价值。

基于LCL-S型两接收端无线电能传输系统传输特性研究

随着WPT应用的发展,多接收WPT系统因一个发射端可以为多个接收端同时供电,近年来受到广泛关注。对LCL-S型两接收端WPT系统的功率分配进行研究,并对LCL-S谐振补偿电路的两接收端WPT系统的传输特性进行分析,提出一种双PI功率控制,实现了发射电源恒功率控制。同时,通过移相控制调节各接收端的输出功率来实现按预设比例进行功率分配。仿真实验验证了所提出的方法实现恒功率输出和按预设比例分配接收端电能的可行性和有效性。