Simulation of the seismic response of sedimentary basins with constant-gradient velocity along arbitrary direction using boundary element method:SH case

We presented a boundary element method using the approximate analytical Green＇s function given by Sanchez-Sesma et al. Coordinate transform is introduced to extend the method to deal with the model with constant-gradient velocity along oblique direction. The method is validated by comparing the numerical results with other independent methods. This method provides a useful tool for analyzing local site effects. We computed seismic response for two series of models. The results in both frequency and time domains are analyzed and show complex amplification patterns. The fundamental mode of resonance is dependent not only on the velocity at the free surface but also on the velocity distribution of the whole basin. For the higher modes of vibration the heterogeneous basin also has its own characteristic.

The Interaction of a Circularly Orbiting Electromagnetic Harmonic Wave with an Electron Having a Constant Time Independent Drift Velocity

A circularly orbiting electromagnetic harmonic wave may appear when a 1S electron encounters a decelerating stopping positively charged hole inside a semiconductor. The circularly orbiting electromagnetic harmonic wave can have an interaction with a conducting electron which has a constant time independent drift velocity.

Improved prediction of shear wave velocity for clastic sedimentary rocks using hybrid model with core data

Accurate measurement of acoustic velocities of sedimentary rocks is essential for prediction of rock elastic constants and well failure analysis during drilling operations.Direct measurement by advanced logging tools such as dipole sonic imager is not always possible.For older wells,such data are not available in most cases.Therefore,it is an alternate way to develop a reliable correlation to estimate the shear wave velocity from existing log and/or core data.The objective of this research is to investigate the nature of dependency of different reservoir parameters on the shear wave velocity(VS) of clastic sedimentary rocks,and to identify the parameter/variable which shows the highest level of dependency.In the study,data-driven connectionist models are developed using machine learning approach of least square support vector machine(LSSVM).The coupled simulated annealing(CSA) approach is utilized to optimize the tuning and kernel parameters in the model development.The performance of the simulation-based model is evaluated using statistical parameters.It is found that the most dependency predictor variable is the compressional wave velocity,followed by the rock porosity,bulk density and shale volume in turn.A new correlation is developed to estimate VS,which captures the most influential parameters of sedimentary rocks.The new correlation is verified and compared with existing models using measured data of sandstone,and it exhibits a minimal error and high correlation coefficient(R^(2)-0.96).The hybridized LSSVM-CSA connectionist model development strategy can be applied for further analysis to predict rock mechanical properties.Additionally,the improved correlation of VS can be adopted to estimate rock elastic constants and conduct wellbore failure analysis for safe drilling and field development decisions,reducing the exploration costs.

Velocity profile of debris flow based on quadratic rheology model

The quadratic rheology model considers the yield stress,viscous stress,turbulent stress and disperse stress,so it is used in this study to derive the velocity profile of debris flows.The quadratic model with the parabolic eddy viscosity was numerically solved,and an analytical solution was derived for the quadratic model with a constant eddy viscosity.These two solutions were compared with the Arai-Takahashi model that excluded the viscous stress and the yield stress.The three models were tested by using 17 experiment cases of debris flows over rigid beds.The results prove that the quadratic model with parabolic and constant eddy viscosities is applicable to muddy and granular flows,whereas the Arai-Takahashi model tends to overestimate the flow velocity near the water surface if a plug-like layer exists.In addition,the von Karman constant and the zero-velocity elevation in the three models are related to sediment concentration.The von Karman constant decreases first and then increases as the sediment concentration increases.The zero-velocity elevation is below the bed surface,likely due to the invalidity of the non-slip boundary condition for the debris flows over fixed beds.

On the Reversal Effects of the Velocity Quotient on the Directions of Changes of Finishing Results of Conventional and Flexible Grinding

The paper presents the problem of right direction of changes of the velocity quotient in view of getting advantageous smoothing results of material finishing using a compact elastic wheel. In fact the problem has been considered reversely in comparison with the change direction of the velocity quotient on the grounds of knowledge on grinding using ceramic wheels. The specifics of performance of the elastic wheels are considered. The investigation was carried out on the effect of their peripheral velocity on the directions of smoothing. The problem is considered by presenting it on the background of determined results of grinding using a ceramic wheel. The dependence of a determined roughness measure of the smoothed surface on the velocity quotient is delivered. The forms of a function approximating experimental dependences of the subject roughness measure on the mentioned quotient have been derived. Furthermore, the results coming out of the performed experimental studies have been presented.

Gravity and Quark Velocity Entanglement

Quarks move within the nucleon at relativistic speeds. This causes intertia. This inertia results in gravitational mass-effect. For short distances this is the strong force, for distant objects it is gravity. This is due to an increase in the gravitational constant related to the velocity of objects moving at speeds close to the speed of light. This relation is calculable with a formula presented in the text.

边坡雷达在重大突发性滑坡应急监测中的应用研究

西南地区突发性重大地质灾害常发生于深切河谷区,在应急抢险过程中,存在人员难到达、地面调查与监测困难、灾害持续变形破坏造成的危害大等问题。以西藏自治区江达县白格滑坡和四川丹巴县阿娘寨滑坡应急抢险为例,应用边坡雷达对白格滑坡残留体和阿娘寨滑坡复活体进行应急监测和变形特征研究。结果表明:通过边坡雷达获取各测点的累计视向变形量、变形速率、变形加速度等监测数据绘制监测区变形云图和监测曲线,判识滑坡区变形破坏及发展趋势、研判各变形区所处的变形演化阶段,快速对临滑破坏区进行识别与预报。边坡雷达能对突发性重大地质灾害开展非接触式全天候实时监测,既能实时掌握灾害变形特征,也保证了监测人员安全,对今后类似的突发性地质灾害应急监测和预警预报具有参考借鉴意义。

乙醇-氢气-空气混合燃气的层流燃烧速度测定

为了研究乙醇的层流燃烧特性,在定容燃烧弹内,分别研究了初始压力为0.3 MPa,氢气比例为50%时,不同初始温度(370 K和450 K)和当量比(0.7~1.4)下,氢气-乙醇混合燃气的火焰传播规律。计算得到了混合燃气的层流燃烧速度和马克斯坦长度,分析了拉伸率对火焰传播速度的影响,同时将研究结果与文献数据进行了比较,验证了计算模型的可靠性。结果表明:随着初始温度的增加,混合燃气的层流燃烧速度也会随之提升;当量比的增加也会提升混合燃气的层流燃烧速度,在当量比为1.2时达到了峰值,随后开始降低。初始温度的增加会在一定条件下会导致火焰的不稳定;在初始温度370 K下,马克斯坦长度始终大于0,火焰一直处于稳定状态;初始温度450 K、0.7~0.9当量比下的马克斯坦长度小于0,火焰出现了不稳定状态,因为较高的初始温度会产生强烈的对流和湍流效应,这些效应会使火焰的边界层受到扰动,造成火焰不稳定;不同初始温度下的马克斯坦长度都随当量比的增加而增加,火焰的稳定性不断提升。对计算得到的层流燃烧速度进行数据拟合,得到了计算乙醇-氢气-空气混合气层流燃烧速度的关系式。

基础实验试题B:自组光路测量光栅常量与液体中的声速

介绍了第9届全国大学生物理实验竞赛基础实验试题B的出题思路、实验解析和答题情况.基础实验试题B主要包含3个小题:测量未知透镜的焦距,自组光路测量未知光栅的光栅常量和自组光路测量液体中的声速.试题对大学物理实验相关的内容进行重新设计,逐步递进引导考生完成光学元件基本参量的测量、光路搭建和光学应用3个光学实验经常涉及的核心要素,能够考查考生对光学基础知识的掌握程度、光路设计能力和动手搭建光路的能力.试题的答题情况在一定程度上反映了当前国内光学实验课程的教学效果和存在的短板,为实验教学的进一步提升提供参考.

基于风廓线雷达产品的冰雹过程分析

利用贵州省威宁县气象局的风廓线雷达基础数据及其二次开发产品、雨量站和MICAPS的实况数据,对2019年6月11日发生在威宁本站的一次冰雹大风天气过程进行综合分析。结果表明:水平廓线产品可反映出冷暖平流的时空变化及垂直分布,更早探测冷空气入侵、风场切变情况及低空急流强度;大气折射率结构常数和垂直速度可以指示降水的发生、持续时间及降水强度情况;强降水发生前有较强风垂直切变,降水过程中风垂直切变值整体大于0.2 s^(-1),风垂直切变的增强会引起垂直速度和地面大风的增大;若以大于15 dBZ和小于10 dBZ为降水的起止标志,风廓线雷达反射率因子较其他产品可以更清晰地指示降水的开始和结束。

恒流稀释预处理技术及其在复杂工业环境下的应用研究

针对目前工业现场常采用的多级过滤伴热抽取预处理方式存在样气失真、管线易堵塞和腐蚀、测量延时、维护量大等问题,开展烟气恒流稀释预处理技术研发并将其应用于复杂工业现场。研究首先基于渐缩喷嘴的恒流特性开展验证实验,实验结果表明,渐缩喷嘴入口流量与喷嘴喉径呈正相关而与背压呈负相关性,当背压低于45 kPa时气体达到声速壅塞状态且保持恒流;随后基于原理实验研制适用于不同复杂工业环境下的高保真烟气恒流稀释预处理装置,并结合可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)技术开发气体在线监测分析系统,同时将其应用于煤粉锅炉水冷壁近壁面气氛和磨煤机出口CO在线监测现场,实现了高尘、高湿、高腐蚀等恶劣工况下烟气高保真取样和高精度测量,有效解决了目前复杂工业现场烟气取样管线堵塞、气体成分失真等问题,为气体高精度在线监测系统安全稳定运行提供技术支撑。

一种移动式等速万向节聚脲润滑脂的研制

研制了一种汽车等速万向节(CVJ)移动节润滑脂。通过对基础油,稠化剂和添加剂的考察,确定了移动节润滑脂由(环烷基油+矿物油)调合基础油,聚脲基稠化剂,0.5%的硫化烯烃极压剂,2.0%的ZnDDP抗磨极压剂,0.5%的亚磷酸酯抗磨剂,1.5%的MoDTC减摩剂组成。研制的移动节润滑脂的具有优良的极压抗磨性能、良好高低温性能和低摩擦因数,也可以满足耐久性台架试验的要求,达到了研制目标。

玻璃磨边加工中抛光轮半径磨损补偿方法

根据抛光轮磨损的特性,采用阿基米德螺线模型,控制抛光轮相对工件以恒定线速度运动,同时不同材质的抛光轮按照对应恒定的磨损率磨损,利用累计的加工轨迹长度与磨损率计算抛光轮实时半径值,实现半径磨损补偿。实验结果证明该方法有效,在加工全过程中能保持稳定良好的抛光效果。

Prosper软件结合Turner模型确定气井Turner模型常数的方法

用Prosper软件建立气井模型,由大到小改变输入的日产气量,用Prosper的PE5多相举升管流模型模拟计算生产管柱中各物理量梯度剖面,再用PE5模型独有的两个判断积液指标(摩擦梯度<0和积液指示=1)找到开始积液的位置及其他剖面数据,而后将录取的数据代入Turner模型中求得Turner常数,并给出了计算流程和计算举例。结果表明,用Prosper所建模型把气藏-井筒-地面作为一个完整系统考虑并用Turner临界携液流速模型计算Turner常数,所述确定气井Turner常数的方法简单并符合气井实际。

基于波速法的隧道稳定性超前预测

利用地震波纵波速度(V_(p))超前分析隧道围岩的稳定性。首先研究地质强度指标(I)、扰动参数(D)等Hoek-Brown常数与V_(p)之间的关系,然后采用Hoek-Brown准则推导隧道塑性区位移公式,考虑到V_(p)可以从TSP203PLUS中获取围岩的弹性模量、泊松比和V_(p)等一系列参数,最终形成确定隧道塑性区位移的新方法。为证明该方法的有效性,对某隧道进行超前评估,并通过卡斯特纳方程对预测结果进行验证。结果表明,提出的方法计算隧道所得塑性区位移与卡斯特纳方程基本一致,此方法获取的参数更为便捷,具有良好的工程应用前景。

Correlations between ultrasonic pulse wave velocities and rock properties of quartz-mica schist

Physico-mechanical properties are critically important parameters for rocks. This study aims to examine some of the rock properties of quartz-mica schist（QMS） rocks in a cost-effective manner by establishing correlations between non-destructive and destructive tests. Using simple regression analysis, good correlations were obtained between the pulse wave velocities and the properties of QMS rocks. The results were further improved by using multiple regression analysis as compared to those obtained by the simple linear regression analysis. The results were also compared to the ones obtained by other empirical equations available. The general equations encompassing all types of rocks did not give reliable results of rock properties and showed large relative errors, ranging from 23% to 1146%. It is suggested that empirical correlations must be investigated separately for different types of rocks. The general empirical equations should not be used for the design and planning purposes before they are verified at least on one rock sample from the project site, as they may contain large unacceptable errors.

Comment to Guynn’s Fine-Structure Constant Approach

Sommerfeld’s fundamental fine-structure constant α once more gives reason to be amazed. This comment is a Chapter of a publication in preparation dealing mainly with golden ratio signature behind Preston Guynn’s famous matter/space approach. As a result we present a relation of α to the galactic velocity , mediated by the circle constant π, which points to an omnipresent importance of this constant and its intrinsic reciprocity pecularity: α ≈ π2|βg| respectively . The designation fine-structure constant should be replaced simply by Sommerfeld’s constant. We present golden mean-based approximations for α as well as for electron’s charge and mass and connect the word average value of interaction coupling constant αs(mz) with |βg|.

Analysis of sand particles’ lift-off and incident velocities in wind-blown sand flux

In the research of windblown sand movement,the lift-off and incident velocities of saltating sand particles play a significant role in bridging the spatial and temporal scales from single sand particle＇s motion to windblown sand flux.In this paper,we achieved wind tunnel measurements of the movement of sand particles near sand bed through improving the wind tunnel experimental scheme of paticle image velocimetry（PIV） and data processing method.And then the influence of observation height on the probability distributions of lift-off and incident velocities of sand particles was analyzed.The results demonstrate that the observation height has no obvious influence on the distribution pattern of the lift-off and incident velocities of sand particles,i.e.,the probability distribution of horizontal and vertical velocities of lift-off and incident sand particles follow a Gaussian distribution and a negative exponential distribution,respectively.However,it influences the center of the Gaussian distribution,the decay constant and the amplitude of the negative exponential distribution.

Determination of the Structural Constant of the Atom

The equations for energy, momentum, frequency, wavelength and also Schr?dinger equation of the electromagnetic wave in the atom are derived using the model of atom by analogy with the transmission line. The action constant A0 = (μ0/ε0)1/2s02e2 is a key term in the above mentioned equations. Besides the other well-known quantities, the only one unknown quantity in the last expression is a structural constant s0. Therefore, this article is dedicated to the calculation of the structural constant of the atoms on the basis of the above mentioned model. The structural constant of the atoms s0 = 8.277 56 shows up as a link between macroscopic and atomic world. After calculating this constant we get the theory of atoms based on Maxwell’s and Lorentz equations only. This theory does not require Planck constant h, which once was introduced empirically. Replacement for h is the action constant A0, which is here theoretically derived, while the replacement for fine structure constant α is 1/(2s02). In this way, the structural constant s0 replaces both constants, h and α. This paper also defines the stationary states of atoms and shows that the maximal atomic number is equal to 2s02 = 137.036, i.e., as integer should be Zmax=137. The presented model of the atoms covers three of the four fundamental interactions, namely the electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions.

Galactic Route to the Strong Coupling Constant αs(mz) and Its Implication on the Mass Constituents of the Universe

Some fundamental physical quantities need an alternative description. We derive the word average value of interaction coupling constant αs(mz) from the observed maximum galactic rotation velocity by the simple relation , where is the velocity, at which the difference between galactic rotation velocity and Thomas precession is equal, and α is Sommerfeld’s constant. The result is in excellent agreement with the value of αs = 0.1170 ± 0.0019, recently measured and verified via QCE analysis by CERN researchers. One can formulate a reciprocity relation, connecting αs with the circle constant: . It is the merit of Preston Guynn to derive the Milky Way maximum value of the galactic rotation velocity βg, pointing to its “extremely important role in all physics”. The mass (energy) constituents of the Universe follow a golden mean hierarchy and can simply be related to the maximum of Guynn’s difference velocity respectively to αs(mz), therewith excellently confirming Bouchet’s WMAP data analysis. We conclude once more that the golden mean concept is the leading one of nature.