Transient Pressure Behavior of a Well Located between a Constant Pressure Boundary and a Sealing Fault

Pressure transient analysis has been used to evaluate performance of a well located between one sealing fault and one constant pressure boundary. Type curves were generated by determining 1) dimensionless pressure and 2) rate of change of dimensionless pressure drop with respect to dimensionless time. When the well is located closer to the no flow boundary, both sets of type curves have three distinct slopes. These slopes characterize: 1) flow in an infinite reservoir, 2) presence of the no flow, and 3) the constant-pressure boundaries. When the well is closer to the constant pressure boundary, the type curves show two distinct slopes. These correspond to: 1) flow in an infinite reservoir, and 2) the presence of a constant pressure boundary. The type curves can be used to match actual pressure drawdown data and determine the drainage area and relative well location with respect to physical boundaries.

Accurate calculations of the high-pressure elastic constants based on the first-principles

The energy term corresponding to the first order of the strain in Taylor series expansion of the energy with respect to strain is always ignored when high-pressure elastic constants are calculated. Whether the modus operandi would affect the results of the high-pressure elastic constants is still unsolved. To clarify this query, we calculate the high-pressure elastic constants of tantalum and rhenium when the energy term mentioned above is considered and neglected, respectively.Results show that the neglect of the energy term corresponding to the first order of the strain indeed would influence the veracity of the high-pressure elastic constants, and this influence becomes larger with pressure increasing. Therefore, the energy term corresponding to the first-order of the strain should be considered when the high-pressure elastic constants are calculated.

STUDY ON AUTOMATIC POLISHING AT CONSTANT PRESSURE INTENSITY

Through theoretical and experimental researeh about automatic polishing on thecurved surfaces of the moulds, the limitation of the polishing method at constant pressure, whichis adopted widely in the world, is analysed. Based on the analysis, a new polishing method atconstant pressure intensity is proposed, and the corresponding goveming equation and a com-prehensive polishing parameter are given as well.

Pressure-dependent terahertz optical characterization of heptafluoropropane

Heptafluoropropane （HFP）, as the best altemative to halon fire-suppression agents, is now a widely used fire extin- guishing agent. The current studies of HFP, concentrating on the extinguishing mechanisms of flames and decomposition products, in general deal with the destructive and high temperature cases. In this paper, terahertz time-domain spectra are used to characterize HFP at different pressures. Optical parameters of HFP, such as absorption coefficient, refractive index, and relative permittivity, and their relationship with concentration of samples, are discussed. The absorption peak of HFP at 0.3 THz depends strongly on the applied pressure, and the corresponding parameters increase almost linearly with increasing HFP concentration. The present study lays a foundation for future extensive applications.

Pressurization System in Low Pressure Tube Hydroforming

Advanced high strength steels are the group of material with high strength and good formability, because high strength lesser gauge thickness can be used without compromising the function of component. In terms of economic forming process, hydroforming is the manufacturing option which uses a fluid medium to form a component by using high internal pressure. This process gained steep interest in the automotive and aerospace industries because of its many advantages such as part consolidation, good quality of the formed part etc. The main advantage is that the uniform pressure can be transferred to whole projected part at the same time. Low pressure tube hydroforming considered an inexpensive option for forming these advanced high strength steel. This paper investigates the pressurization system used during the low pressure tube hydroforming cycle. It is observed that the usage of ramp pressure cycle during forming the part from low pressure tube hydroforming results in lesser die holding force. Also, the stress, strain and thickness distribution of the part during low pressure tube hydroforming are critically analysed.

Elastic and Seismic Properties of Dabie-Sulu Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphic Rocks

Lame modulus （λ） and shear modulus （μ） are among the most important, intrinsic, elastic constants of rocks. Using 7. and μ could be much more advantageous than using P- and S-wave velocities （Vp and Vs）. Here we quantified these equivalent isotropic elastic moduli for 115 representative rocks from the ultrahigh pressure （UHP） metamorphic terrane of the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt （China） and their variations with pressure （P）, temperature （T）, density （p）, Vp, Vs and mineralogical composition. Both moduli increase nonlinearly and linearly with increasing pressure at low （〈200-300 MPa） and high （〉200-300 MPa） pressures, respectively. In the regime of high pressures, 7. and IX decrease quasi-linearly with increasing temperature with temperature derivatives dλ/dT and dμ/dT generally in the range of -10×10-3 to -1×10-3 GPa/℃. Dehydration of water-bearing minerals such as serpentine in peridotites and chlorite in retrograde eciogites results in an abrupt drop in 7. while μ remains almost unchanged. In Z-p, μ-p and 7.-IX plots, the main categories of UHP rocks can be characterized. Serpentinization leads to significant decreases in μ and 7. as serpentine has extremely low values of Z, μ and p. Eclogites, common mafic rocks （mafic gneiss, metagabbro and amphibolite）, and felsic rocks （orthogneiss and paragneiss） have high, moderate and low μ and λ values, respectively. For pyroxenes and olivines, λ increases but μ decreases with increasing Fe/Mg ratios. For plagioclase feldspars, both Z and μ exhibit a significant positive correlation with anorthite content. SiO2-rich felsic rocks and quartzites are deviated remarkably from the general trend lines of the acid-intermediate-mafic rocks in Vs-p, μ-p, λ-Vp,λ-Vs and μ-λ diagrams because quartz has extremely low λ （-8.1 GPa） and p （2.65 g/cm3） but moderate μ （44.4 GPa） values. Increasing the contents of garnet, rutile, ilmenite and magnetite results in a significant increase in the λ and μ values of the UHP metamorphic rocks. However, either λ or μ is insensitive to the compositional variations for pyralspite （pyrope-almandine-spessartine） solution series. The results provide potentially improved constraints on characterization of crustal composition based on the elastic properties of rocks and in situ seismic data from deep continental roots.

Mechanical properties of Ga_xIn_(1-x)As_yP_(1-y)/GaAs system at different temperatures and pressures

The mechanical properties, such as the elastic constants C11, C12, C44, and bulk, Young＇s, and shear moduli, of a Ga x In1-x As y P1-y alloy lattice matching to a Ga As substrate are calculated for various As concentrations. The calculations are based on the pseudo-potential method within the virtual crystal approximation containing the effective disorder potential. The variations of the studied properties with pressure and temperature are investigated. A comparison between the calculated results and the available published data for binary parent compounds shows that they have good agreement,while the calculated results for the quaternary alloys at various temperature and pressure may be taken as a reference.

Self-calibration and algorithm of sample set of piezoresistive pressure sensors

Aiming at piezoresistive pressure sensors, this paper studies simulation of standard pressure by using benchmark current source and self-calibration of the sampling data characteristics. A data fusion algorithm for sample set is presented which transforms a surface problem into a curve fitting and interpolation problem. The simulation result shows that benchmark current source simulating pressure is successful and data fusion algorithm is effective. The maximum measurement error is only 0.098 kPa and maximum relative error is 0.92% at 0-45 kPa and -10-45~C.

Inhomogeneous Dielectric Target Properties for Increased Non-thermal Pressure in Laser Boron Fusion by CPA-Pulses

Based on the documentation of the invited paper and the subsequent discussion at a virtual conference,discoveries are indicated,which are summarized in the following paper for further evaluation on the topic of non-thermal forces using terms of extremely powerful components of Maxwell’s stress tensor at the interaction of CPA(chirped pulse amplification)laser pulses in the fusion plasmas of hydrogen with the isotope 11 of boron.This is caused by a recoil mechanism given by the Fresnel formulas of the suppression of the reflectivity of inhomogeneous plasma given by optical constants of the plasma properties.

Experimental Study of a Metallic Pressure Cooker Insulated with Kapok Wool

This work is devoted to an experimental study of metallic pressure cooker insulated with kapok wool, a vegetal biodegradable fiber. Experiments conducted on the cooling of hot water in the equipment revealed very low heat losses and a time constant of 60 hours on average. As a result, the equipment makes it possible to finish cooking meals only thanks to the heat stored at the beginning of cooking and keeps cooked dishes warm for long hours. The thermal phase shift of the pressure cooker is around 7?h. Cooking tests conducted on some local dishes revealed about 70% butane gas savings for cooking cowpea and white rice, 38% for cooking fatty rice, 75% for pasta and couscous, and 30% for cooking potato stew. These results show that this technology can contribute to minimizing?energy consumption in the restaurant sector.

恒压过滤实验中测定值偏离理论值的原因探讨

恒压过滤实验是化工原理实验的重要组成部分,很长时间以来,河北科技大学学生在化工原理恒压过滤实验中测得的洗涤速率和最终过滤速率的比值,与理论值相差悬殊。通过对该实验过程的观察和数据处理结果的分析,指出了三个产生此问题的可能原因,并通过实验进行了验证,最终确定了主要的原因为搅拌速度、螺杆压紧程度和过滤终点,最后提出了该实验操作过程中的注意事项和实验设备改进方案。

非线性曲面梁形态优化及恒压支撑装置设计

基于超前支护设备顶梁支撑结构研究一种恒压支撑装置的设计方法,恒压支撑装置由正刚度线性弹簧、负刚度非线性平面曲梁及承压气囊组合而成。通过对巷道顶板应力场分析,得到支撑结构的边界条件;利用B样条曲线简述负刚度非线性平面曲梁的特点;基于遗传算法与非线性有限元法对负刚度非线性平面曲梁进行形态优化设计;依据恒压支撑装置的工作原理,对线性螺旋弹簧刚度/强度特性进行分析与设计;对恒压支撑装置的零部组件进行设计,实现支撑装置输出压强大小恒定及自我保护功能。恒压支撑装置设计方法为综掘巷道超前支护研制提供了有力技术支撑。

千米深井切顶卸压自成巷支护技术及应用

为了解决深部复杂条件下的切顶卸压自成巷难题,以红阳三矿703工作面运输巷道为研究对象,从恒阻大变形锚索超前支护、切顶巷内支护、切顶巷旁支护三个方面研究了切顶卸压沿空成巷支护技术,并对现场试验巷道顶板受力以及巷道围岩变形量进行了监测。结果表明:在超前工作面实施爆破切顶能够极大降低巷道所受应力,成巷区巷道顶板整体下沉量较小,巷中顶板最大下沉量约385 mm,平均下沉量约280 mm,巷中底鼓最大值545 mm,碎石巷帮无明显侧鼓现象,实体煤帮无明显片帮现象,满足安全和使用要求,巷道围岩变形在可控范围内,留巷效果良好。

高精度气体定压比热自动测试实验系统的研制

气体定压比热测定实验是大机械类专业的基础实验课。针对实验装置存在散热损失大、测量精度低、性能不稳定以及人为读数误差大、实验环境嘈杂等问题,对原有的实验台架进行了改造升级。在此基础上,进一步改进了实验算法,并自主开发了一套数据自动采集处理系统。该装置的改造由学生全程参与,探索实施过程有效地提高了学生的实践创新能力。设备改造后效果显著,实验结果准确可靠,满足现阶段本科实验教学的需求。

跨断层切顶卸压自成巷顶板变形机理及控制技术研究

针对跨断层切顶卸压自成巷顶板变形大不易支护的问题,以棋盘井煤矿东区11101工作面运输巷为工程背景,探究跨断层切顶卸压自成巷顶板变形机理,研究“切顶卸压+恒阻锚索”支护对跨断层切顶卸压自成巷顶板变形的控制效果。建立力学分析模型研究断层及切顶卸压自成巷顶板各相关参数对巷道直接顶应力的影响,将切顶卸压自成巷顶板变形过程划分为4个阶段,研究巷道顶板各阶段及总垂直位移量计算方法并给出计算公式,并将相关参数代入公式求解跨断层切顶卸压自成巷顶板垂直位移量;利用3DEC数值模拟软件建立跨断层切顶卸压自成巷数值计算模型,研究断层附近巷道顶板应力应变演化规律及恒阻锚索控制效果,研究结果表明:数值模拟上下盘巷道顶板变形数据与理论分析所得数据结果误差分别为1.14%、4.04%;恒阻锚索能够有效减小巷道顶板变形,与未使用恒阻锚索模型相比,上盘巷道切缝侧顶板垂直位移量减小至16.8%,下盘巷道切缝侧顶板垂直位移量减小至50.7%;上下盘巷道顶板在工作面回采过巷道测点断面过程中出现不同程度的应力集中,其中上盘巷道顶板的垂直应力集中值大于下盘巷道,分别为5.72 MPa和4.48 MPa;恒阻锚索通过减缓断层附近巷道顶板变形速率,待巷旁碎石帮充填完成后与碎石帮共同对巷道顶板变形进行控制;将11101工作面运输巷围岩位移监测数据与理论模型计算结果相比较,误差均在10%以内,证明“切顶卸压+恒阻锚索”支护方式对跨断层巷道顶板变形具有良好的控制效果。

基于PLC与变频器的恒压供水系统设计

采用PLC和变频器相结合设计恒压供水系统,采集管网的水压力,经A/D转换后送入PLC,经PLC的PID运算后输出信号来控制变频器的输出电压和频率,改变电动机的转速来改变供水量,最终使管网水压力值稳定在恒定值。实践证明,该系统稳定可靠,同时还具有良好的节能效果。

高压油泵阻尼孔对燃油系统压力特性的影响研究

为实现更高的热效率和更优的排放,柴油机的喷射压力不断提高。阻尼孔作为高压油泵等压出油阀的关键结构,对燃油系统的压力特性有重要影响。本文研究了阻尼孔大小对喷油器的喷射特性以及高压油管压力波动特性的影响,结果表明:随着阻尼孔由0.1 mm增大至2.0 mm,喷油器喷油持续期相对缩短,循环喷油量减小,这是不同阻尼孔对应的高压油管残余压力大小不同,以及不同阻尼孔大小对系统压力调节的速度不同的结果;此外,阻尼孔较小(0.1 mm)时,燃油系统存在二次喷射现象,而阻尼孔过大(3 mm)时,系统内还会存在零压区,即存在穴蚀的风险;对高压油管残余压力的频谱分析发现,阻尼孔较小时,高压油管内压力脉动与出油阀的运动存在较强的相关性,而阻尼孔较大时,压力脉动与回油阀的运动相关,即供油系统中多种阀件的运动是高压油管压力脉动的主要原因。

一种双工位NEG吸气性能测试装置设计

文章设计了可选择定压法或定容法测量非蒸散型吸气剂(NEG)吸气性能的测试装置,装置设计有两个结构对称的测试工位,可同时对两个测试样品进行预处理和性能测试,装置结构设计合理紧凑,测试效率高。测试装置可直接通过软件输出吸气速率和吸气量等性能参数。测试结果表明该装置本底真空度高,其中样品室真空度优于1×10^(−7) Pa,漏放气速率小于3×10^(−7) Pa·L/s;测试数据精度高且可靠,其中吸气速率测量精度达1 mL/s,吸气量测量精度达1 Pa·mL。

高压煤油恒速液动机转子倾覆现象的理论研究

介绍了高压煤油恒速液动机(简称“液动机”)的转子倾覆现象,分析了机理,并按照发生的原因将倾覆现象分为主动倾覆和被动倾覆。重点研究了主动倾覆,基于对转子柱塞组件的受力分析,提出了倾覆条件的数学表达,引入了无量纲的倾覆安全系数,以定量表达倾覆风险。分析了被动倾覆的原因,并提出了解决被动倾覆的方法。在产品设计中应避免出现主动倾覆和被动倾覆。