Design and Construction of Rainwater Harvesting and Water-saving Irrigation System of Toona sinensis on Mountain Slopes

In order to collect rainwater and resist drought to enhance the utilization rate of rainfall and water resources, through project rainwater harvesting measures, the total annual rainwater harvesting amount of the six greenhouses was calculated according to annual average precipitation 542.2 mm, up to 1 095.7 m^3. The upper natural slopes of cultivated land were as rainwater harvesting areas, and total annual rainwater harvesting amount was 49 242 m^3 on the mountain slopes with an area of 73.37 hm^2, while total water storage amount was 39 394 m^3 in theory, so it could meet water use for the irrigation of 26.28 hm^2 of T. sinensis land. To be convenient for rainwater harvesting, irrigation and supplying water to the water-saving cellars, one pert-cut and part-fill reservoir （which was 470 m^3 in volume） was built on the mountain slopes at the right rear of the greenhouses, and their altitude difference was 50 m. The reservoir was sealed and was built with reinforced concrete. Water-saving cellars were distributed in front and the middle and at the back of two rows of greenhouses, and they were connected with each other. The reservoir could supply water to the water-saving cellars and also collect water by mountain slopes, from the lower water-saving cellars or deep wells. Two rainwater hervesting ditches that were 1 650 m in length were at the lower edge of arable land in the upper reaches of slopes to intercept rainfall runoff and make it flow into channels and then the sedimentation tanks. The total annual rainwater harvesting amount of the reservoir and water-saving cellars was 1 222.5 m^3.

Approaches of Landscape Design for the Construction of Low-carbon Ecological City

The prominent role and remarkable achievements of landscape design in the construction of low-carbon ecological city were analyzed in the context of global environmental issues. This study stressed that landscape architecture, as a comprehensive discipline handling human-land relationship, would play a significant role in the construction of low-carbon ecological city, and finally proposed a variety of approaches of landscape design for constructing low-carbon ecological city.

The Study on Landscape Factors,Pattern and Design in New Countryside Construction in Mountainous Areas of China

With the vigorous development of China urbanization and increase of people's environmental consciousness,landscape design had received more and more attentions in urban construction and planning.However,the planning for mountainous new countryside construction and landscape design had not been emphasized.Hence,how to make use of natural and cultural landscape factors in mountainous areas to conduct landscape design in new countryside construction was an issue needed to be highlighted.According to the field study of natural villages and residences of Longnan City in Gansu Province,the paper had discussed the composition of mountainous settlements and residences,the composition of mountainous rural landscape factors and landscape planning principles,hoping to provide reference for rural landscape design and new countryside construction.

Radial Tire Construction Design Method Based on Finite Element Simulation

The simulation of 295/80R22. 5 tire building process from tire building to curing was developed using ABAQUS software,which covered four stages: gluing of components on main drum,gluing of components on auxiliary drum,building process of green tire and shaping process of green tire. Results showed that material distribution of the simulated structure had good consistence with the real tire structure. Therefore,the tire building process simulation can be used to judge the rationality of tire construction design and to determine the shapes of different tire components. In order to optimize the construction design,a reverse simulation method was proposed to design the semi-product components such as apex,tread,and shoulder pad. The semi-product components determined by utilizing the reverse simulation method were assembled again into a tire. Results show that the simulated material distribution is consistent with the material distribution of design tire,which proves effectiveness and reliability of the reverse simulation method.

Dynamic Design and Construction of Highway Cut Slopes in Huangshan Area, China

Deformation and failure of high slope impact the construction and operation safety of highway in the mountainous areas. The deformation and failure are mainly caused by poor design which normally has not well combined with the geological conditions and unplanned construction. Therefore, effective design and construction management should be conducted for ensuring a successful construction without damage and risk. In light of the reality of high slope construction along highway in the Huangshan area, this paper proposes a technical procedure for dynamic design and construction management of high slopes along highway in the mountainous area. The proposed construction management scheme is divided into three phases, i.e., 1) design phase, 2) preparation phase of excavation, and 3) construction phase. During the design phase, experiences and lessons learnt from the design and construction of other high slopes along highway in the same region are summarized. The number of slopes and slope height should be optimized from the aspects of route selection and route form. During the preparation phase of excavation, "Excavation Permit Management System" should be adopted, and construction scheme should be made by the construction unit, then the scientific research and design unit determine whether it guarantees slope stability and makes optimization measures. During the construction phase, the scientific research unit would make proposal of optimization design, and apply the achievements of scientific research into practice through common efforts of various units based on the understanding of excavation and investigation. The management system mentioned above is adopted to conduct dynamic design and construction management for more than 90 slopes along the Huangshan - Taling - Taolin Expressway, and successful results of application have been achieved.

Design and Construction of The Great-West Dyke in Lianyungang Port

The The Great-West Dyke with a length of 6.7 km, the largest sea wall in China, was completed in June, 1994. This paper introduces structure options of nibble mound sea wall on soft foundation and a new type of armour block-hexagon multihole block (HMB) and a new method of treatment for soft foundation by using underwater explosion. Construction practice of some projects in China shows that by using this method good effect of treatment and marked economic benefit can be achieved by using this method.

Design and Construction of a Spiral Heat Exchanger

In this article, the performance and applications of a Spiral Plate Heat Exchanger are demonstrated. Also, governing equation of heat transfer phenomena in such heat exchangers is discussed. Regarding the governing equations, a LAB-sized model of this type of heat exchanger was designed and constructed. Galvanized Iron sheets were used as the heat transfer surfaces. Two Galvanized Iron sheets were rolled together around a central core and, as a result, two separated channels were made. Also, a predesign simulation of the heat exchanger was done using the Fluent software to predict the performance of the heat exchanger. First the geometry was made using Gambit software environment then the model was analyzed through Fluent. Because of less fouling, easier cleaning and high heat transfer coefficient, Spiral Heat Exchanger is a good alternative to the other types of heat exchangers, especially when it’s going to handle high fouling flows or highly viscous fluids. Low fouling rate of the heat exchanger, reduces the need of cleaning and therefore the out of service will be decreased. In the constructed heat exchanger, Nusselt number increases as the mass flow rate increases. Average Nusselt number is about 100 that is very good.

On the Design and Construction of Family-School Collaborative Education Platform

It is avery important field for educational researcher to use collaborative educational platform to manage and educate students. With the development of the Internet and the popularization of computers, cooperative education is becoming increasingly important. In consideration of the immature stage of the current domestic collaborative education platform, in order to promote the communication among students, teachers and parents, and to facilitate the collaborative supervision and management of teachers and parents, we design and construct the family-school collaborative education platform.

Design and construction of high and large span cast-in-place reinforced concrete cantilever flowering frame beam

The high and large span cast-in-place reinforced concrete cantilever structure of the office building of some court, which is located I-steel at the cantilever and used steel pipe scaffold as the support, has guaranteed the frame body and structure security by the frame body calculating, on-site test and reasonable construction order.

Design and Construction of Grape Theme Sightseeing Garden

Taking the grape theme sightseeing garden of Hebei Academy of Forestry Sciences for example,this article discusses the suitable edible and wine making cultivation varieties,vineyard frame and cultivation techniques in the grape theme sightseeing garden,from the perspective of planning and design. The garden landscape design and construction is integrated with sightseeing and garden visiting to highlight the theme of grape sightseeing garden,aimed at achieving purposes of sightseeing,picking,appreciating the beautiful scenery,and enjoying palatable food.

Integrated Design,Construction and Debugging of Project

Northeast China Electric Power Group(NEPG) has outstanding achievements in thesurvey, design, construction and regulationof power plants and power transmissionproject, the management of hydropowerProject, the construction and maintenance ofnuclear power project. The constructioncontingents 0f it have great strength intechnical equipment, project quality andscientific payoffs. They are very experiencedin integral management 0f the design’construction and the adjustment of thepr0ject and in the international cooperationand also they have good internationalcooperation examples.

CONSTRUCTION METHODS AND ALGORITHM DESIGN OF WAVELET BASES

Based on the brief introduction of the principles of wavelet analysis, this paper gives a summary of several typical wavelet bases from the point of view of perfect reconstruction of signals and emphasizes that designing wavelet bases which are used to decompose the signal into a two-band form is equivalent to designing a two-band filter bank with perfect or nearly perfect property. The generating algorithm corresponding to Daubechies bases and some simulated results are also given in the paper.

BIM in Multifamily Design &Construction

In 2014, the National Association of Homebuilders conducted an initial survey about the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in residential construction. They found that BIM had not been widely adopted, but there was interest in future use. Four years later, the authors, Prof. Ghosh Dastider and Matt Jefferies at Washington University in St. Louis used a similar methodology to see what has changed. They found a significant increase in BIM’s application in the multifamily residential industry. Based on data collected from the re-conducted survey, the authors concluded with the future predictions on how use of BIM will accelerate in residential construction market in next few years. Few significant findings indicate increased use of BIM among contractors along with design built firms, as well as during the construction phase and life cycle analysis.

Design and Construction of the Power Plant Multi-flue Chimneys in East China Area

This paper mainly introduces the designand construction of the multi-flue chimneysof Beilungang Power Plant, ShidongkouSecond Power Plant and Waigaoqiao PowerPlant which have been used in East Chinaarea. This paper contains the generalsituation of construction, material selection,lifting scheme of steel inner flue, designfeatures and construction method. It could bereferential to concerned design andconstruction companies.

高填方大直径钢波纹管涵变形机制与控制技术研究

目的 研究高填方大直径钢波纹管涵变形机制与控制技术,解决其结构变形过大的问题。方法 基于管道压缩变形公式,提出在管涵两侧一定范围内填筑水泥土材料的新技术;通过室内试验确定水泥土材料中最优水泥质量分数,再基于数值模拟和现场试验分析采用新技术施工的管涵结构的受力及变形特征及其上部竖向土压力分布规律,确定最优管侧填筑范围。结果 新填筑技术能充分利用水泥土的刚度限制管涵的变形,当管涵两侧2/3管径范围内采用水泥质量分数为8%水泥土回填时,管涵的最大竖向及水平变形分别减少了35.1%和55.0%,结构最大应力也由管顶处转移至管涵上部45°附近,受力更为合理。结论 新填筑技术使管涵更好地与周围土体逐步变形协调,产生荷载重分布形成土拱效应,将管顶土压力由管中心向管边缘处转移,有效减小了钢波纹管涵结构变形和应力集中。

Design & Construction Progress and Prospect of TGP

The construction of the TGP has proceeded smoothly since its commencement of construction in 1994 and the construction quality is good in general. The construction proceeds in accordance with the master project schedule in preliminary design approved by the central government and the investment can be controlled within the total budget of the preliminary design. The Changjiang Water Resources Commission, taking charge of the general design jobs of the TGP, has consistently paid attention to the project quality in the first place and carried out large amount of investigation, design and scientific research work. This paper makes an overall summarization and presentation on important technical issues in the design, such as dam, powerhouse structure, permanent ship locks, ship lift, project safety monitoring, main river closure and the 2nd stage cofferdam, mechanical and electric design etc., and put forwards a lot of suggestions about optimizing design schemes and measures for smoothing away construction difficulties in accordance with construction progress.

人工智能在土木工程领域的应用研究现状及展望

作为新一代产业变革的核心驱动力,人工智能是全面提高土木工程领域数字化、自动化、信息化和智能化的重要方法。为全面了解人工智能在土木工程中的发展及应用,定性分析了人工智能的基本研究领域,定量分析了人工智能在土木工程设计、制造、养维护阶段的研究现状,利用CiteSpace可视化工具深入挖掘人工智能在土木工程中存在的问题、发展瓶颈和研究趋势,并给出相应的解决办法及研究思路。通过文献综述发现,土木工程领域已展开了大量人工智能研究,但各阶段智能化发展不均衡,实际应用也存在一定局限性,需深入探索神经网络、大数据、深度学习等智能技术在土木工程全生命周期的交叉融合,促进土木工程领域人工智能研究的协同发展。

陆地LNG工厂模块化建造涂装设计应用

液化天然气(LNG)作为绿色能源,其市场需求巨大。陆地LNG工厂建设具有大型化、规模化及集成化的特点,模块化建造能够达到缩短工期、降低成本、减少污染等要求。文中从防护涂层系统设计、涂装施工、涂层缺陷修补3个方面,对大型陆地LNG工厂模块化建造过程中的涂层材料及涂层体系设计,有机涂层、金属涂层、防火涂料等设计标准及相关要求,以及涂装结构设计要求等进行针对性解读。结合实际涂装过程中施工人员认证考核、表面处理要求、涂装施工、热喷铝施工要求,及建造过程中涂层保护进行阐述;同时,对建造过程中有机涂层和金属涂层缺陷及修补方法等进行总结,提出了相应工程经验推荐做法,为从事相关工作人员提供参考。

Application and Study on Dynamic Design in Qinghai-Tibet Railway Construction

The dynamic design method is essentially the evolving processes of various information, it consists of dynamic design and information construction. It is a new technology of increasing popularity. Because of the particularity and complexity of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction, the technology of the dynamic design and information constructing was used tentatively. Based on processes of Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction, this paper discussed and analysed the idea of dynamic design and applications. Meanwhile in allusion to arisen problems in design and construction, some principles and suggestions of reinforced measurements were put forward. Though the works of construction and design are being carried through, good results have been obtained.

Risk Assessment at the Design Phase of Construction Projects in Ghana

The study was carried out exclusively in Ghana to explore the approaches employed by consultants in risk assessment at the design phase of projects in Ghana. One hundred and fourteen (114) consultants were selected out of a population of one hundred and eighty six (186) from three main professional associations in Ghana made up of the Ghana Institute of Architects, Ghana Institution of Engineers and the Ghana Institution of Surveyors (Quantity Surveying Division) practicing in Ghana for the study. Both primary and secondary data were collected. A descriptive survey was also used to observe and describe the presence, frequency or absence of characteristics of a phenomenon as it naturally occurred, in order to gain additional information. A questionnaire was also designed to collect data from the architects, engineers and quantity surveyors. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Scientists (SPSS) 17.0. Descriptive and inferential statistics, such as frequency tables, percentages and cross tabulations were used in the data analysis and summaries. Simple tests of associations were undertaken by using Chi square and Cramer’s V statistics to compare relationships between variables. Again, relative importance index was also used to analyze some of the data by computing to deduce their rankings. The relative importance index was used to analyze some of the data by computing to deduce their rankings. The research revealed that majority of consultants had an average knowledge of risk management. Based on the findings it was recommended that consultants undergo advanced training in risk assessment. It was therefore suggested that consultancy firms should develop a set of laid down procedures for consultants to use in risk assessment in order that the use of intuition employed by majority is lessened. The challenges observed in risk assessment and the remedial steps suggested curtailing the detrimental effects of risks would be of wide importance to many developing economies.