The classroom is an important place for“three guarantees”education.Classroom culture refers to a group culture with both teachers and students as the main body,the classroom space as the carrier,and spiritual connot...The classroom is an important place for“three guarantees”education.Classroom culture refers to a group culture with both teachers and students as the main body,the classroom space as the carrier,and spiritual connotation as the core.The creation of classroom culture with school characteristics,characteristics of the times,and Chinese characteristics can reflect the aesthetic perspective and value orientation of the school,which has far-reaching significance for the growth of students and their future development.This paper takes the construction of classroom culture in colleges and universities as the research subject,obtains real data,and conducts variable analysis through questionnaire survey and structured interview,with the aim of enriching the educational function of the classroom.It involves how the classroom culture pays attention to the current life,needs,and desires of college and university students,along with the problems and functions that should be improved in the traditional construction.This paper also discusses and reshapes the new paradigm of classroom culture construction in colleges and universities based on the combination of student growth,subject areas,school culture,and advanced technology.展开更多
University laboratories serve as crucial hubs for scientific and technological innovation and play a vital role in nurturing talents.As pivotal spaces for both teaching and scientific research,the development of labor...University laboratories serve as crucial hubs for scientific and technological innovation and play a vital role in nurturing talents.As pivotal spaces for both teaching and scientific research,the development of laboratories necessitates not only investment in scientific research equipment and experimental facilities but also in cultural construction.This cultural aspect holds significant importance in promoting the comprehensive development of students and enhancing scientific research capabilities.This article concentrates on the strategies for cultivating laboratory culture in private universities,addressing six key dimensions:spiritual culture,institutional culture,scientific culture,innovation culture,safety culture,and shared culture.展开更多
In order to clarify the direction and way of construction enterprise culture,the method of construction enterprise culture based on quality function deployment(QFD)theory is put forward.Firstly,the paper analyzes the ...In order to clarify the direction and way of construction enterprise culture,the method of construction enterprise culture based on quality function deployment(QFD)theory is put forward.Firstly,the paper analyzes the QFD theory and the forming process of construction enterprise culture and considers that the two have strong adaptability in the aspects of basic characteristics,implementation process,and logical relationship.Secondly,based on QFD,the basic framework of construction enterprise culture is established,which is divided into three stages:cultural planning,process planning,and implementation planning.Finally,the paper expounds on each link of the cultural planning matrix in detail.展开更多
Historical changes in the view of friendship is an important tool for understanding the Western culture history. Ancient Greek society built tension between friendship theory and reality, relying on Life characteristi...Historical changes in the view of friendship is an important tool for understanding the Western culture history. Ancient Greek society built tension between friendship theory and reality, relying on Life characteristics and cultural prosperity contending. They integrated the common brotherhood love, friendship, family, relationships between God and person, citizenship love into their lives through its unique lifestyle, and began a process of mutual shaping. It is intense and harmonious of sex and love,this is the most significant feature of their friendship view. There are a number of reasons of culture, politics and life for the Transition of Ancient Greek view of friendship. Ancient Greek view of friendship has been echoed in history, and has important implications to China's cultural and moral construction.展开更多
Based on the overall planning of environmental cultural construction of Yangling Vocational & Technical College and the college–enterprise co-construction of Doucun Farm, this paper combined environmental cultura...Based on the overall planning of environmental cultural construction of Yangling Vocational & Technical College and the college–enterprise co-construction of Doucun Farm, this paper combined environmental cultural reformation inside and outside the college and reform of off-campus teaching experiment farm in view of outstanding agricultural characteristics of the bioengineering branch, with environmental health preservation as the fundamental goal and "health-preserving agriculture" as the link. In addition, four major characteristic landscape frameworks of "point, line, surface, and body" were established, and the effective construction approaches of health-preserving environmental cultural landscapes in vocational colleges were explored.展开更多
W.B.Yeats(1865-1939),Noble Prize winner for literature in 1923,is an influential Irish poet,playwright and critic.This paper will discuss that Yeats is devoted to seek and construct Irish cultural identity in his poet...W.B.Yeats(1865-1939),Noble Prize winner for literature in 1923,is an influential Irish poet,playwright and critic.This paper will discuss that Yeats is devoted to seek and construct Irish cultural identity in his poetry because of the Irish cultural and identity crisis as well as his own identity anxiety.Yeats endeavours to establish a distinctly Irish cultural identity through reviving Irish traditional folklore,myths and legends,hybridising English language,and absorbing oriental culture in his poetry.展开更多
As the aging population increasingly accelerates, the construction of the endowment culture has been putting on the agenda. In fact, the endowment culture plays an irreplaceable part in the social old-age care system....As the aging population increasingly accelerates, the construction of the endowment culture has been putting on the agenda. In fact, the endowment culture plays an irreplaceable part in the social old-age care system. In the period of social transition, the excellent traditional old-age pension culture is destroyed, which makes the cultivation of the old-age social fashion imminent. The atmosphere of respecting the old and establishing a harmonious generation relationship is an important cultural guarantee to establish "five old" and build a harmonious society, in which our country or government bears inescapable responsibilities.展开更多
This article echoes Kenneth Frampton’s critical regionalism to address maintaining the values of the past into the present.For Frampton,architecture design is regionally infused due to essentially dealing with“speci...This article echoes Kenneth Frampton’s critical regionalism to address maintaining the values of the past into the present.For Frampton,architecture design is regionally infused due to essentially dealing with“specificity and locality”,however,remains reluctant to adopt a“universal technology”.A Masdar City’s design represents a valuable case due to casting light on the complexity embedded in intertwining the modernist technologies and a regional architecture.The case study’s analyses cited here suggest that the design of the present evolves from this complexity witnessing a deviation from a“universal technology”and a local architecture.A vernacular style of architecture has been blamed because it stitches together the“globe”and the“local”.A universal technology has been also witnessed here which yields support for the vernacular approaches embedded in a traditional architecture.What Frampton’s critical regionalism appears to overlook are the vernacular approaches that in the analysis of this article embrace a model of the design principles for the“tectonics”to be realised.The key argument brought forward in this article concerns Frampton’s critical regionalism that yet lacks a realistic approach to produce a sense within a local context,thereby needing in its theory to neatly twist the vernacular approaches with a critical regionalism’s synthesis.展开更多
We should adhere to the socialist orientation construction of elegant campus culture and socialistic common ideal with Chinese characteristics. Whether a country is prosperous or not lies in if it can adhere to correc...We should adhere to the socialist orientation construction of elegant campus culture and socialistic common ideal with Chinese characteristics. Whether a country is prosperous or not lies in if it can adhere to correct development direction. Socialistic common ideal with Chinese characteristics is our dream and pursuit for the nation' s glorious development prospects. University campus construction is a basic work for teaching and developing, in the mean time, it is also a systematic creative work. Campus construction set the systematic goal of being in favor of cultivating university students. It should not only have a good using function to meet material needs in the working and living aspects of teachers and students, hut also to create a high level and high style campus environment, reflecting the university spirit and culture, improving university elegant taste. Strengthening campus culture construction has vital theoretical and practical significance for improving the quality of personnel training, building, elegant camt^us culture and enhancing core competitiveness of universities.展开更多
We should adhere to the socialist orientation construction of elegant campus culture and socialistic common ideal with Chinese characteristics. Whether a country is prosperous or not lies in if it can adhere to correc...We should adhere to the socialist orientation construction of elegant campus culture and socialistic common ideal with Chinese characteristics. Whether a country is prosperous or not lies in if it can adhere to correct development direction. Socialistic common ideal with Chinese characteristics is our dream and pursuit for the nation' s glorious development prospects. University campus construction is a basic work for teaching and developing, in the mean time, it is also a systematic creative work. Campus construction set the systematic goal of being in favor of cultivating university students. It should not only have a good using function to meet material needs in the working and living aspects of teachers and students, but also to create a high level and high style campus environment, reflecting the university spirit and culture, improving university elegant taste. Strengthening campus culture construction has vital theoretical and practical significance for improving the quality of personnel training, building elegant campus culture and enhancing core competitiveness of universities.展开更多
The Whole-Process People’s Democracy has become an important proposition of the socialist modernization democratic theory with Chinese characteristics,and has important value for the development of the new form of hu...The Whole-Process People’s Democracy has become an important proposition of the socialist modernization democratic theory with Chinese characteristics,and has important value for the development of the new form of human civilization.The Whole-Process People’s Democracy is not only a“democracy”system,its focus is to achieve“people’s democracy”,its unique feature is to surpass“non process”democracy with the“Whole-Process”,and create a new governance path of a new form of human civilization.Of course,the emphasis of people’s democracy on the consciousness of people’s subjective participation in the whole process also puts forward corresponding requirements for the cultural quality construction of Chinese social citizens in the new era,so it is also of great significance to pay attention to the cultivation of citizens’public spirit.展开更多
At present,with the development of information technology,visual culture has greatly influenced all aspects of life.Therefore,schools at all levels and types should focus on the construction of campus visual culture,w...At present,with the development of information technology,visual culture has greatly influenced all aspects of life.Therefore,schools at all levels and types should focus on the construction of campus visual culture,which is a conducive way to actively and effectively carry out moral education,at the same time play its irreplaceable role.Campus visual culture may function as ear fumigating and eye staining.It can not only promote all-round development of students,but also improve their independent personality and ingenuity.This paper is mainly discussing the visual culture,the construction of campus visual culture,the significance of campus visual in art and art education,and the relationship between them.展开更多
Cultural construction has gradually become the focus of the public with the continuous improvement of materials.The construction of university campus culture has become an important symbol of university inheritance an...Cultural construction has gradually become the focus of the public with the continuous improvement of materials.The construction of university campus culture has become an important symbol of university inheritance and construction.A good school cultural atmosphere has a subtle positive impact on the physical and mental development of students.In order maximize the role of campus culture construction in college education,the quality and effectiveness of administrative management needs to be improved,which plays an irreplaceable role in the campus culture construction.Campus cultural construction and administrative management complement each other to create a harmonious cultural and educational environment in colleges and universities.展开更多
School culture is an important carrier for teachers' professional development.It is also a double-edged sword that can either promote or hinder the professional development of teachers.The improvement of teachers&...School culture is an important carrier for teachers' professional development.It is also a double-edged sword that can either promote or hinder the professional development of teachers.The improvement of teachers' professional development fundamentally lies in the reconstruction of school culture.School culture is derived from the school system because the system creates the environment that determines professional development.The improvement of school culture is achieved through learning because learning can create a solid platform for teachers'professional development.Principals should rebuild their relationships with their schools and teachers,while teachers should rebuild their relationships with other teachers and their students as well as between their own practices and educational theories.展开更多
In schools,the basic unit is a class,and each class is composed of different groups of students.In order to strengthen college education and improve the quality of education,it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive ...In schools,the basic unit is a class,and each class is composed of different groups of students.In order to strengthen college education and improve the quality of education,it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis and research on classes.A variety of organizations of college students constitute classes.As the manifestation of these organizations,classes carry out ideological and political education for students.In order to promote students 125 progress and development,an excellent class culture should be established.On that premise,it is necessary to strengthen ideological and political education for students,ensure more coordination between education and culture,as well as improve students9 cultural literacy,management system,and the safety of campus life.This study focuses on the strategy of building class culture in colleges and universities,hoping that relevant staffs may be able to use this as a reference.展开更多
The procurement of public construction projects must walk a fine line between the corruption of state officials and collusion of contractors. The method of awarding projects to the lowest responsible tenderer was orig...The procurement of public construction projects must walk a fine line between the corruption of state officials and collusion of contractors. The method of awarding projects to the lowest responsible tenderer was originally implemented to guard against corruption of state officials. However, an investigation of the construction industry in the Canadian province of Quebec showed that lowest-tender-offer procurement gave rise to collusion of companies tendering for the contracts. Alternatively, bestvalue procurement has been used for decades, but here problems arise owing to the necessity of subjective judging of measures other than price to compare bids, giving rise to time-and money-consuming protests. The paper proposes a compelling argument that the construction engineering management(CEM) culture should refocus its efforts on enhancing project cost certainty rather than merely searching for means to design a project in a manner that produces the lowest initial cost, and awards the construction to the lowest tender offer that focuses on cost savings during the project development and delivery process. The difference in the two approaches is subtle but extremely important. To make the transition, the engineering management tools must be advanced to the next level.This means that all project control tools for managing cost,schedule, and technical scope must be transformed from working in the deterministic mode to the stochastic mode,thus making the probability of completing the projectwithin or below its official budget the primary decision criterion. To do so, CEMs must accept that there is a benefit in paying more for an alternative that increases cost certainty for the entire project. The authors of this paper hope that it will provide the grist for a more general dialog across all industry sectors where engineering management is practiced.展开更多
This paper examines the current state of project cultures in the German turnkey construction industry and the ideal project cultures in terms of partnering from the perspective of various key stakeholders(i.e.,Investo...This paper examines the current state of project cultures in the German turnkey construction industry and the ideal project cultures in terms of partnering from the perspective of various key stakeholders(i.e.,Investors,General Contractors,(Sub-)Contractors and Designers).To investigate the current and ideal cultures,data were gathered among the key stakeholders by means of a survey study with 72 respondents divided over 12 companies.The respondents rated the current and desired cultures by using the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument,which belongs to the Competing Values Framework.The investigations show many similarities and differences between the stakeholder perspectives of the current and the idealized partnering project cultures.Mainly,the General Contractors desire more cooperative behaviors than the(Sub-)Contractors,and the Investors desire more pronounced flexibility than the General Contractors.All stakeholders desire a cultural change from highly competitive behaviors toward more cooperation.Changes in terms of clear procedures or more flexibility are only desired by the Designers.Defining both the current and an ideal partnering project culture enables academics and project managers to compare their actual project cultures to an ideal situation.With such an approach,academics and project managers could measure whether new tools or changes in resources affect their project cultures toward a partnering project culture.展开更多
Advanced Chinese culture today has three interconnected requirements: a) it is an organic component of today's advanced world culture; b) it critically absorbs all the best elements of foreign cultures in an organ...Advanced Chinese culture today has three interconnected requirements: a) it is an organic component of today's advanced world culture; b) it critically absorbs all the best elements of foreign cultures in an organic combination with the best elements of traditional Chinese culture; and c) it transcends the argument over "modernism" and "post-modernism." From a world- historical perspective, all other necessary features of advanced culture in contemporary China represent the logical unfolding of these three requirements. A full and correct grasp of the three elements constituting the world-historicality of this advanced culture is of important methodological significance in clarifying the world-historical mode of the construction of contemporary Chinese culture and the path to cultural innovation.展开更多
文摘The classroom is an important place for“three guarantees”education.Classroom culture refers to a group culture with both teachers and students as the main body,the classroom space as the carrier,and spiritual connotation as the core.The creation of classroom culture with school characteristics,characteristics of the times,and Chinese characteristics can reflect the aesthetic perspective and value orientation of the school,which has far-reaching significance for the growth of students and their future development.This paper takes the construction of classroom culture in colleges and universities as the research subject,obtains real data,and conducts variable analysis through questionnaire survey and structured interview,with the aim of enriching the educational function of the classroom.It involves how the classroom culture pays attention to the current life,needs,and desires of college and university students,along with the problems and functions that should be improved in the traditional construction.This paper also discusses and reshapes the new paradigm of classroom culture construction in colleges and universities based on the combination of student growth,subject areas,school culture,and advanced technology.
基金This work was funded by the Society for Universities Lab Affairs in Hubei Province under the Hubei Province Higher Education Laboratory Research Project(Project Number:HBSY2022-056).
文摘University laboratories serve as crucial hubs for scientific and technological innovation and play a vital role in nurturing talents.As pivotal spaces for both teaching and scientific research,the development of laboratories necessitates not only investment in scientific research equipment and experimental facilities but also in cultural construction.This cultural aspect holds significant importance in promoting the comprehensive development of students and enhancing scientific research capabilities.This article concentrates on the strategies for cultivating laboratory culture in private universities,addressing six key dimensions:spiritual culture,institutional culture,scientific culture,innovation culture,safety culture,and shared culture.
文摘In order to clarify the direction and way of construction enterprise culture,the method of construction enterprise culture based on quality function deployment(QFD)theory is put forward.Firstly,the paper analyzes the QFD theory and the forming process of construction enterprise culture and considers that the two have strong adaptability in the aspects of basic characteristics,implementation process,and logical relationship.Secondly,based on QFD,the basic framework of construction enterprise culture is established,which is divided into three stages:cultural planning,process planning,and implementation planning.Finally,the paper expounds on each link of the cultural planning matrix in detail.
基金Jiangsu Province Social Science Fund project(15MLC004)Jiangsu Province Quality Projects of Social Science Research(14SWA-009)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2013B33514)
文摘Historical changes in the view of friendship is an important tool for understanding the Western culture history. Ancient Greek society built tension between friendship theory and reality, relying on Life characteristics and cultural prosperity contending. They integrated the common brotherhood love, friendship, family, relationships between God and person, citizenship love into their lives through its unique lifestyle, and began a process of mutual shaping. It is intense and harmonious of sex and love,this is the most significant feature of their friendship view. There are a number of reasons of culture, politics and life for the Transition of Ancient Greek view of friendship. Ancient Greek view of friendship has been echoed in history, and has important implications to China's cultural and moral construction.
基金Sponsored by Humanities and Social Sciences Research Foundation of Yangling Vocational&Technical College(GJ1423)
文摘Based on the overall planning of environmental cultural construction of Yangling Vocational & Technical College and the college–enterprise co-construction of Doucun Farm, this paper combined environmental cultural reformation inside and outside the college and reform of off-campus teaching experiment farm in view of outstanding agricultural characteristics of the bioengineering branch, with environmental health preservation as the fundamental goal and "health-preserving agriculture" as the link. In addition, four major characteristic landscape frameworks of "point, line, surface, and body" were established, and the effective construction approaches of health-preserving environmental cultural landscapes in vocational colleges were explored.
文摘W.B.Yeats(1865-1939),Noble Prize winner for literature in 1923,is an influential Irish poet,playwright and critic.This paper will discuss that Yeats is devoted to seek and construct Irish cultural identity in his poetry because of the Irish cultural and identity crisis as well as his own identity anxiety.Yeats endeavours to establish a distinctly Irish cultural identity through reviving Irish traditional folklore,myths and legends,hybridising English language,and absorbing oriental culture in his poetry.
文摘As the aging population increasingly accelerates, the construction of the endowment culture has been putting on the agenda. In fact, the endowment culture plays an irreplaceable part in the social old-age care system. In the period of social transition, the excellent traditional old-age pension culture is destroyed, which makes the cultivation of the old-age social fashion imminent. The atmosphere of respecting the old and establishing a harmonious generation relationship is an important cultural guarantee to establish "five old" and build a harmonious society, in which our country or government bears inescapable responsibilities.
文摘This article echoes Kenneth Frampton’s critical regionalism to address maintaining the values of the past into the present.For Frampton,architecture design is regionally infused due to essentially dealing with“specificity and locality”,however,remains reluctant to adopt a“universal technology”.A Masdar City’s design represents a valuable case due to casting light on the complexity embedded in intertwining the modernist technologies and a regional architecture.The case study’s analyses cited here suggest that the design of the present evolves from this complexity witnessing a deviation from a“universal technology”and a local architecture.A vernacular style of architecture has been blamed because it stitches together the“globe”and the“local”.A universal technology has been also witnessed here which yields support for the vernacular approaches embedded in a traditional architecture.What Frampton’s critical regionalism appears to overlook are the vernacular approaches that in the analysis of this article embrace a model of the design principles for the“tectonics”to be realised.The key argument brought forward in this article concerns Frampton’s critical regionalism that yet lacks a realistic approach to produce a sense within a local context,thereby needing in its theory to neatly twist the vernacular approaches with a critical regionalism’s synthesis.
文摘We should adhere to the socialist orientation construction of elegant campus culture and socialistic common ideal with Chinese characteristics. Whether a country is prosperous or not lies in if it can adhere to correct development direction. Socialistic common ideal with Chinese characteristics is our dream and pursuit for the nation' s glorious development prospects. University campus construction is a basic work for teaching and developing, in the mean time, it is also a systematic creative work. Campus construction set the systematic goal of being in favor of cultivating university students. It should not only have a good using function to meet material needs in the working and living aspects of teachers and students, hut also to create a high level and high style campus environment, reflecting the university spirit and culture, improving university elegant taste. Strengthening campus culture construction has vital theoretical and practical significance for improving the quality of personnel training, building, elegant camt^us culture and enhancing core competitiveness of universities.
文摘We should adhere to the socialist orientation construction of elegant campus culture and socialistic common ideal with Chinese characteristics. Whether a country is prosperous or not lies in if it can adhere to correct development direction. Socialistic common ideal with Chinese characteristics is our dream and pursuit for the nation' s glorious development prospects. University campus construction is a basic work for teaching and developing, in the mean time, it is also a systematic creative work. Campus construction set the systematic goal of being in favor of cultivating university students. It should not only have a good using function to meet material needs in the working and living aspects of teachers and students, but also to create a high level and high style campus environment, reflecting the university spirit and culture, improving university elegant taste. Strengthening campus culture construction has vital theoretical and practical significance for improving the quality of personnel training, building elegant campus culture and enhancing core competitiveness of universities.
基金This paper is the phased research result of the project“The Centennial Exploration Process and Innovative Development of the Communist Party of China on the Marxist Concept of Problems”(Project No.:nkxj21110104)of the Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Basic Principles of Marxism in 2021The phased research results of the topic“Research on Common Prosperity and the Promotion of Democratic Process in the New Era”(Project No.:2022xs-0068)of the Independent Innovation Fund(social influence project)of Tianjin University in 2022.
文摘The Whole-Process People’s Democracy has become an important proposition of the socialist modernization democratic theory with Chinese characteristics,and has important value for the development of the new form of human civilization.The Whole-Process People’s Democracy is not only a“democracy”system,its focus is to achieve“people’s democracy”,its unique feature is to surpass“non process”democracy with the“Whole-Process”,and create a new governance path of a new form of human civilization.Of course,the emphasis of people’s democracy on the consciousness of people’s subjective participation in the whole process also puts forward corresponding requirements for the cultural quality construction of Chinese social citizens in the new era,so it is also of great significance to pay attention to the cultivation of citizens’public spirit.
文摘At present,with the development of information technology,visual culture has greatly influenced all aspects of life.Therefore,schools at all levels and types should focus on the construction of campus visual culture,which is a conducive way to actively and effectively carry out moral education,at the same time play its irreplaceable role.Campus visual culture may function as ear fumigating and eye staining.It can not only promote all-round development of students,but also improve their independent personality and ingenuity.This paper is mainly discussing the visual culture,the construction of campus visual culture,the significance of campus visual in art and art education,and the relationship between them.
基金supported by Xinjiang University Ideological and Political Work Innovation Research Project“Research on Collaborative Education of College Counselors and Ideological and Political Course Teachers in the New Era”(Project No.:XJGXSZ2021B04)Xinjiang Social Science Fund Project“Research on the Reform Path of Ideological and Political Courses in Xinjiang University Under the New Media Background”(Item No.:20BKS033).
文摘Cultural construction has gradually become the focus of the public with the continuous improvement of materials.The construction of university campus culture has become an important symbol of university inheritance and construction.A good school cultural atmosphere has a subtle positive impact on the physical and mental development of students.In order maximize the role of campus culture construction in college education,the quality and effectiveness of administrative management needs to be improved,which plays an irreplaceable role in the campus culture construction.Campus cultural construction and administrative management complement each other to create a harmonious cultural and educational environment in colleges and universities.
基金the Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Teaching Research Project(2020szzx23)the Second Batch ofNew Engineering Research and Practice Specialty Reform Project(E-RCZN20201029).
文摘School culture is an important carrier for teachers' professional development.It is also a double-edged sword that can either promote or hinder the professional development of teachers.The improvement of teachers' professional development fundamentally lies in the reconstruction of school culture.School culture is derived from the school system because the system creates the environment that determines professional development.The improvement of school culture is achieved through learning because learning can create a solid platform for teachers'professional development.Principals should rebuild their relationships with their schools and teachers,while teachers should rebuild their relationships with other teachers and their students as well as between their own practices and educational theories.
文摘In schools,the basic unit is a class,and each class is composed of different groups of students.In order to strengthen college education and improve the quality of education,it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis and research on classes.A variety of organizations of college students constitute classes.As the manifestation of these organizations,classes carry out ideological and political education for students.In order to promote students 125 progress and development,an excellent class culture should be established.On that premise,it is necessary to strengthen ideological and political education for students,ensure more coordination between education and culture,as well as improve students9 cultural literacy,management system,and the safety of campus life.This study focuses on the strategy of building class culture in colleges and universities,hoping that relevant staffs may be able to use this as a reference.
文摘The procurement of public construction projects must walk a fine line between the corruption of state officials and collusion of contractors. The method of awarding projects to the lowest responsible tenderer was originally implemented to guard against corruption of state officials. However, an investigation of the construction industry in the Canadian province of Quebec showed that lowest-tender-offer procurement gave rise to collusion of companies tendering for the contracts. Alternatively, bestvalue procurement has been used for decades, but here problems arise owing to the necessity of subjective judging of measures other than price to compare bids, giving rise to time-and money-consuming protests. The paper proposes a compelling argument that the construction engineering management(CEM) culture should refocus its efforts on enhancing project cost certainty rather than merely searching for means to design a project in a manner that produces the lowest initial cost, and awards the construction to the lowest tender offer that focuses on cost savings during the project development and delivery process. The difference in the two approaches is subtle but extremely important. To make the transition, the engineering management tools must be advanced to the next level.This means that all project control tools for managing cost,schedule, and technical scope must be transformed from working in the deterministic mode to the stochastic mode,thus making the probability of completing the projectwithin or below its official budget the primary decision criterion. To do so, CEMs must accept that there is a benefit in paying more for an alternative that increases cost certainty for the entire project. The authors of this paper hope that it will provide the grist for a more general dialog across all industry sectors where engineering management is practiced.
文摘This paper examines the current state of project cultures in the German turnkey construction industry and the ideal project cultures in terms of partnering from the perspective of various key stakeholders(i.e.,Investors,General Contractors,(Sub-)Contractors and Designers).To investigate the current and ideal cultures,data were gathered among the key stakeholders by means of a survey study with 72 respondents divided over 12 companies.The respondents rated the current and desired cultures by using the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument,which belongs to the Competing Values Framework.The investigations show many similarities and differences between the stakeholder perspectives of the current and the idealized partnering project cultures.Mainly,the General Contractors desire more cooperative behaviors than the(Sub-)Contractors,and the Investors desire more pronounced flexibility than the General Contractors.All stakeholders desire a cultural change from highly competitive behaviors toward more cooperation.Changes in terms of clear procedures or more flexibility are only desired by the Designers.Defining both the current and an ideal partnering project culture enables academics and project managers to compare their actual project cultures to an ideal situation.With such an approach,academics and project managers could measure whether new tools or changes in resources affect their project cultures toward a partnering project culture.
文摘Advanced Chinese culture today has three interconnected requirements: a) it is an organic component of today's advanced world culture; b) it critically absorbs all the best elements of foreign cultures in an organic combination with the best elements of traditional Chinese culture; and c) it transcends the argument over "modernism" and "post-modernism." From a world- historical perspective, all other necessary features of advanced culture in contemporary China represent the logical unfolding of these three requirements. A full and correct grasp of the three elements constituting the world-historicality of this advanced culture is of important methodological significance in clarifying the world-historical mode of the construction of contemporary Chinese culture and the path to cultural innovation.