Ordering and Pricing Strategies for Fresh Products with Multiple Quality Levels Considering Consumer Utility

In this paper, considering a scenario in which there are two quality levels of fresh products and introduction of consumer utility function, we studied the optimal ordering and pricing strategies under certain quantity. Our results showed that, facing the two quality levels of fresh products, retailers would not benefit from sales of lower quality of fresh products with the deterministic demand. In the pursuit of profit maximization, the initial order quantity is smaller than the potential demand for market.

基于S-O-R模型的视觉营销对消费者购买意愿的影响研究——以红色文创网店为例

为提高红色文创网店的点击转化率,文章从消费者视角出发,研究影响消费者购买意愿的视觉因素。基于S-O-R模型理论,构建红色文创网店视觉营销对消费者购买意愿因素的理论模型。利用S-O-R模型分析了红色文创网店视觉营销中的商品形象、界面形象以及品牌视觉形象对顾客感知价值及顾客购买意向的影响。通过设计量表和调查问卷进行实证研究,并结合结构方程模型加以论证,得出品牌视觉形象和界面形象是影响消费者购买意愿的关键因素,为设计师和红色文创品牌进行网店设计提供了一定的理论参考和建议。

Clinical Utilization of Nursing Process in Improving Patient’s Outcome and Its Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study among Nurses and Midwives Working at Njombe Regional Referral Hospital, Tanzania

Background: Improvement of patient care in any hospital depends primarily on the quality of nursing care. Nursing care is enhanced by the nursing process, which outlines the nursing activities to be provided for a patient. Methods and Materials: A cross sectional design employing quantitative methods was conducted in Njombe RRH in December 2021. Quantitative data were collected from nurses and midwives from all wards by simple random sampling techniques using a sample-size calculator. SPSS version 26.0 was used to analyse data whereby a p-value of 0.05 was considered a decision mark for the significance of the result;Chi-square and Logistic regression respectively were used to find out the association and its strength between variables. Result: Majority of the respondents, 41 (85.4%), had inadequate knowledge and 33 (68.8%) found them people with a negative attitude to the nursing process. Significantly, there is an association between knowledge and clinical utilization (AOR 2.24;95% CI: 1.6 - 2.5;P 0.04), attitude and clinical utilization (AOR 4.32;95% CI: 1.8 - 3.7;P Conclusion: A knowledge gap in relation to the utilization of the nursing process and a negative attitude were noted to be associated significantly with the utilization of the nursing process among nurses and midwives. It is recommended on-job training, supportive supervision, and Value Clarification and Attitude Transformation (VCAT) are the best interventions to address the knowledge gap and negative attitudes respectively.

Unlocking the Network Traffic Password of the Sudden Popularity of Oriental Selection:Consumer Behavior Decision-Making Mechanism Based on Mental Accounting Theory

This paper explores the decision-making mechanism of the consuming behavior hidden behind the sudden popularity of the Oriental Selection Company in terms of the mental accounting theory.Firstly,according to the“Non-alternative”characteristics of mental accounting,this paper expounds how the strategy of the bilingual live-streaming of Oriental Selection promoters stimulates consumers’desire to buy the advertised products and services whilst using the utility theory of mental accounting to analyze how Oriental Selection promoters improve consumers’acquisition utility and total utility.Secondly,we sum up the successful experiences of Oriental Selection:The live-streaming industry should apply the theory of mental accounting in effectively overcoming the shortcomings of the live-streamed marketing by stimulating consumers’desire and influencing their decision-making behavior through the streaming of content that triggers them to make purchases.This is achievable by abandoning the traditional ways of loudly urging consumers to buy goods.Finally,this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to use the mental accounting theory in promoting sustainable consumption and points out the prospects for Oriental Selection.

全渠道BOPS模式下的交叉退货策略研究

针对全渠道BOPS模式下的退货策略问题,考虑产品匹配率、线上退货成本、交叉退货概率等因素,借助消费者效用函数,分别在BOPS模式下构建传统退货策略和交叉退货策略定价博弈模型,分析了交叉退货策略对全渠道零售商最优定价、收益及退货策略选择的影响。结果表明:零售商的定价和需求随着产品匹配率和交叉退货概率的增大而增大,随着线上退货成本的增大而减小;随着不便利系数的增加,交叉退货策略对零售商收益的影响减小;当产品匹配率较小且不便利系数很小或很大时,或者当产品匹配率较大且不便利系数中等时,宜采用交叉退货策略;当交叉退货概率和线上退货处理成本都较大时,不适合采用交叉退货策略。

S型控释氮肥运筹对水稻产量形成及氮素利用特征的影响

缓控释肥具有施用次数少、肥料利用率高的特点,S型热固性树脂包膜控释氮肥(S型控释氮肥)受土壤pH影响小、肥料稳定性好。本研究以S型控释氮肥为试材,分别设置了6个水稻品种的响应比较、4种氮肥施用量、5种氮肥施用时期及7种氮肥配施比例的4个盆栽试验,研究其对水稻产量形成、氮素吸收利用等的影响。结果表明:1)品种比较试验中,S型控释氮肥提高了6个水稻品种的产量,增幅在2.95%~18.57%,平均增加12.60%;产量提高的原因是穗数或每穗颖花数的增加;S型缓控释氮肥可显著提高供试水稻成熟期的氮素积累量、氮肥利用率,但氮素籽粒生产效率有所下降。2)控释肥运筹试验中,随着S型控释氮肥施用量和施用比例的增加,武运粳24号的产量呈先增加后下降的趋势,分别以每盆3g纯氮处理和控释氮肥占比80%处理产量增幅最大,作基肥时增产效应更显著;成熟期氮素积累量呈增加和先增加后下降的趋势,分别以每盆4.5 g纯氮处理和控释氮肥占比80%处理增幅最大,作基肥时增幅效应更显著;氮素籽粒生产效率和氮肥利用率呈降低趋势,氮素籽粒生产效率分别以控释氮肥占比0%和控释肥作保花肥最大,氮肥利用率分别以控释氮肥占比80%和控释肥作基肥时最大。3)控释肥对根系性状影响试验中,S型控释氮肥处理提高了武运粳24号水稻栽后30天单株不定根总长、根干重与吸收面积,提高了抽穗期单株不定根总长、根干重和根活力;单株不定根数、不定根总长、根干重、根活力的增加是产量、氮素积累量和氮肥利用率协同提高的根系基础。总之,S型控释氮肥可显著提高水稻的产量和氮肥利用率,作为基肥时最优。每盆3 g纯氮处理、控释氮肥占比80%左右时产量、成熟期氮素积累量、氮肥利用率协同增加,与其栽后30天、抽穗期根系性状优化有密切关系。

An Ecological Interpretation of Consumer Culture in Willa Cather's The Professor's House

The Professor's House presents the readers pictures with striking consumer culture characteristics. With abundant goods of sign values, conspicuous consumption, swelling-desire-stimulating power and the individuals' efforts to construct their identities through consumption as dominant features, consumer culture exerts negative and even devastating effects on the characters in the novel. Theories of ecocriticism shed new lights on the interpretation of consumerism reflected in the novel, especially on analyzing how the consumer culture makes the characters suffer from split personality, alienation from nature, society, and even from themselves and their spiritual ecology.

Intelligent and ecological coal mining as well as clean utilization technology in China: Review and prospects

Coal is an essential fossil fuel in China; however, coal mining and its utilization are being under the increasing pressure from ecological and environmental protection. Therefore, the consulting project "Technical Revolution in Ecological and Efficient Coal Mining and Utilization & Intelligence and Diverse Coordination of Coal-based Energy System," initiated by Chinese Academy of Engineering, puts forward three stages(3.0, 4.0 and 5.0) of China's coal industry development strategy. Aimed at "reduced staff,ultra-low ecological damage, and emission level near to natural gas," breakthroughs should be achieved in the following three key technologies during the China Coal Industry 3.0 stage(2016–2025): including intelligent coal mining, ecological mining, ultra-low emission and environmental protection. This paper focuses on the development trends of the China Coal Industry 3.0 and its support for China Coal Industry 4.0 and 5.0 is analyzed and prospected as well, which may offer technical assistance and strategy orientation for realizing the transformation from traditional coal energy to clean energy.

Science Research and Utilization Planning of China’s Space Station in Operation Period 2022–2032

The core module of China’s Space Station(CSS)is scheduled to be launched around the end of 2020,and the experimental module I and II will be launched in the next two years.After on-orbit constructions,CSS will be transferred into an operation period over 10 years(2022–2032 and beyond)to continuously implement space science missions.At present,based on the project selection and research work in the ground development period of CSS,China is systematically making a utilization mission planning for the operation period,which focuses on the fields of aerospace medicine and human research,space life science and biotechnology,microgravity fluid physics,combustion science,materials science,fundamental physics,space astronomy and astrophysics,Earth science,space physics and space environment,space application technology,etc.In combination with the latest development trend of space science and technology,China will continue to update planning for science research and technology development,carry out project cultivation,payload R&D,and upgrade onboard and ground experiment supporting systems to achieve greater comprehensive benefits in science,technology,economy,and society。

Status and development of the comprehensive utilization of the steel slag at Baosteel

The steel slag at Baosteel mainly comes from basic oxygen furnaces （BOF）, electric arc furnaces （EAF）, continuous casting and hot metal pretreatment. The output of the steel slag at Baosteel was 4.43 Mt in 2010. The steel slag was utilized both within the company and across the society, and the utilization rate within the company achieved was 16%. This study describes the current status and existing problems in those technologies of treating and using steel slag ,in the aspects of primary treatment, secondary treatment and advanced treatment, and it points out the development＇ s direction.

A Study of the Driving Force Model Revealing Changes in Land Utilization Level Based on 3S Technologies ——The Example of Yuanmou, Yunnan, China

This paper introduced the theory and approaches of building driving forcemodels revealing the changes in land utilization level by integrating RS, GPS, and GIS technologiesbased on the example of Yuanmou County of Yunnan Province. We first created the land utilizationtype database, natural driving forces for land utilization database, and human driving forces forland utilization database. Then we obtained the dependent and the independent variables of changesin land utilization level by exploring various data. Lastly we screened major factors affectingchanges in land utilization level by using the powerful spatial correlation analysis and maincomponent analysis module of GIS and obtained a multivariable linear regression model of thechangesin land utilization level by using GIS spatial regression analysis module.

Status quo and Analysis of China's Utilization of Foreign Funds

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Designing Bayesian Two-Sided Group Chain Sampling Plan for Gamma Prior Distribution

Acceptance sampling is used to decide either the whole lot will be accepted or rejected,based on inspection of randomly sampled items from the same lot.As an alternative to traditional sampling plans,it is possible to use Baye-sian approaches using previous knowledge on process variation.This study pre-sents a Bayesian two-sided group chain sampling plan(BTSGChSP)by using various combinations of design parameters.In BTSGChSP,inspection is based on preceding as well as succeeding lots.Poisson function is used to derive the probability of lot acceptance based on defective and non-defective products.Gamma distribution is considered as a suitable prior for Poisson distribution.Four quality regions are found,namely:(i)quality decision region(QDR),(ii)probabil-istic quality region(PQR),(iii)limiting quality region(LQR)and(iv)indifference quality region(IQR).Producer’s risk and consumer’s risk are considered to esti-mate the quality regions,where acceptable quality level(AQL)is associated with producer’s risk and limiting quality level(LQL)is associated with consumer’s risk.Moreover,AQL and LQL are used in the selection of design parameters for BTSGChSP.The values based on all possible combinations of design parameters for BTSGChSP are presented and inflection points’values are found.Thefinding exposes that BTSGChSP is a better substitute for the existing plan for industrial practitioners.

基于期望效用理论的农户土地整治权属调整意愿研究

基于期望效用理论剖析农户土地整治权属调整意愿的内在机制,以广西壮族自治区龙州县的农户调查问卷数据为基础,采用逻辑斯谛(Logistic)模型,分析不确定条件下未来的预期收益和预期损失效用对农户权属调整意愿的影响,为引导农户积极响应权属调整提供决策参考。结果显示:农户认知是其产生支持行为意愿的基础,研究区只有约20%的农户对权属调整政策比较了解,超过80%的农户通过“自上而下”的方式被动获取信息,但接近90%的农户对权属调整表示认同,说明政策实施具备民意基础。在未来预期收益方面,新增耕地面积、改善农业基础设施条件、提高农业机械化使用率、提高规模化经营程度等因素对农户权属调整意愿至少在P<0.1水平上有显著正向影响;在未来预期损失方面,耕地质量下降、土地分配不公平等因素对农户权属调整意愿至少在P<0.05水平上有显著负向影响。据此提出如下对策建议:加强权属调整全过程的农户有效参与,切实保障农户土地权益;完善权属调整的法治化建设和制度化管理,促进权属调整获得农户的支持和信任;发挥权属调整对农地适度规模经营的推动作用,促进农户分享现代农业发展红利。

The Utility Additive Method and Its Usage for Studying Consumer Behavior

Multiattribute utility theory is a powerful theory tool to reveal the preferences of the consumers according to multiple attribute points of view. Utility additive (UTA) method based on Multiattribute utility theory is an ordinal regression method using linear programming. The purpose of the UTA method presented in this paper is to assess additive utility functions that aggregate multiple attributes in a composite attribute. The results of it are important for the study of consumer behavior. Finally, a simple illustrative example is presented and some extensions of the method are proposed.

基于燃机余热和地热能的联合发电系统优化设计及热力性能分析

设计了一种超临界二氧化碳(S-CO_(2))再压缩系统与地热双闪蒸系统相结合的新型燃机余热利用联合发电系统。基于所建联合系统参数优化模型,应用遗传算法计算分析了联合系统内部参数和边界参数对最大输出功和燃机余热利用率的影响。结果表明:通过系统参数优化,联合系统实现了余热在2个子系统中的合理分配,加深了燃机余热的进一步利用;当一级闪蒸压力取99.89 kPa、二级闪蒸压力取29.4 kPa、S-CO_(2)质量流量取22.68 kg/s、分流比取0.3085时,联合系统最大净输出功达到6.402 MW,对应余热效率为67.9%;当一级闪蒸压力在90~115 kPa、二级闪蒸压力在25~35 kPa时,联合系统均可实现较高的净输出功,与最佳值的相对偏差在0.8%以内;随着S-CO_(2)流量或分流比逐渐增大,联合系统的净输出功均呈现先增大后减小的规律;联合系统的最大净输出功随S-CO_(2)透平进口压力的增大而增加,随S-CO_(2)透平出口压力和预冷器出口温度的增大而减小。