Energy consumption simulations of rural residential buildings considering differences in energy use behavior among family members

The“average occupant”methodology is widely used in energy consumption simulations of residential buildings;however,it fails to consider the differences in energy use behavior among family members.Based on a field survey on the Central Shaanxi Plain,to identify the energy use behavior patterns of typical families,a stochastic energy use behavior model considering differences in energy use behavior among family members was proposed,to improve the accuracy of energy consumption simulations of residential buildings.The results indicated that the surveyed rural families could be classified into the following four types depending on specific energy use behavior patterns:families of one elderly couple,families of one middle-aged couple,families of one elderly couple and one child,and families of one couple and one child.Moreover,on typical summer days,the results of daily building energy consumption simulation obtained by the“average occupant”methodology were 25.39%and 28%lower than the simulation results obtained by the model proposed in this study for families of one elderly couple and families of one middle-aged couple,and 13.05%and 23.05%higher for families of one elderly couple and one child,and families of one couple and one child.On typical winter days,for the four types of families,the results of daily building energy consumption simulation obtained by the“average occupant”methodology were 21.69%,10.84%,1.21%,and 8.39%lower than the simulation results obtained by the model proposed in this study,respectively.

Synergistic and interference effects in coaxial mixers: Numerical analysis of the power consumption

This paper is concerned with the design and application of coaxial mixers with the aid of analysis of interaction between each individual impeller. Two types of coaxial mixers pitched blade turbine(PBT)-helical ribbon(HR)and inner-outer HR operated in laminar regime were studied experimentally and numerically. The interaction implies synergistic and interference effects, which was revealed through the investigation of axial circulation rate, energy dissipation rate and power consumption. The influence factors including rotational speed ratio,rotating mode and impeller configuration were explored systematically. Quantitative analysis of power consumption involves three parameters: rate of variation in power consumption, interactive mode and ratio of power consumption. Analysis indicated that some important properties were embodied in the power curve.These properties are one-way and two-way interactions, critical speed ratio and dominant impeller. Finally, a new suggestion for power estimation was given.

Resource pre-allocation algorithms for low-energy task scheduling of cloud computing

In order to lower the power consumption and improve the coefficient of resource utilization of current cloud computing systems, this paper proposes two resource pre-allocation algorithms based on the ＂shut down the redundant, turn on the demanded＂ strategy here. Firstly, a green cloud computing model is presented, abstracting the task scheduling problem to the virtual machine deployment issue with the virtualization technology. Secondly, the future workloads of system need to be predicted： a cubic exponential smoothing algorithm based on the conservative control（CESCC） strategy is proposed, combining with the current state and resource distribution of system, in order to calculate the demand of resources for the next period of task requests. Then, a multi-objective constrained optimization model of power consumption and a low-energy resource allocation algorithm based on probabilistic matching（RA-PM） are proposed. In order to reduce the power consumption further, the resource allocation algorithm based on the improved simulated annealing（RA-ISA） is designed with the improved simulated annealing algorithm. Experimental results show that the prediction and conservative control strategy make resource pre-allocation catch up with demands, and improve the efficiency of real-time response and the stability of the system. Both RA-PM and RA-ISA can activate fewer hosts, achieve better load balance among the set of high applicable hosts, maximize the utilization of resources, and greatly reduce the power consumption of cloud computing systems.

Development of Future Generations:Oriented Virtual Negotiation Support System for Intergenerational Conflict

Intergenerational conflict coordination is the fundamental requirement and core of sustainable development. In this paper, through the analysis of the future generations-oriented management mechanisms for intergenerational conflict, the idea of mechanisms and institution building for the coordination and management of intergenerational conflict is put forward. Furthermore, the future generations-oriented virtual negotiation support system (NSS) for intergenerational conflict is developed, built on the analysis of the process simulation of intergenerational wealth transfer, intergenerational equilibrium allocation of resources, and strategies for the mitigation and avoidance of intergenerational conflict, through the application of advanced IT technology. The virtual NSS for intergenerational conflict is helpful to the practical application of the sustainable development theory; on the other hand, it can be applied directly to the intergenerational equilibrium allocation of resources, national economic accounting, formulation of sustainable development strategies and other urgent national economic and social development issues. Finally, the sustainable development theory can be enriched and extended. Therefore, the development of the future generations-oriented virtual NSS for intergenerational conflict has certain theoretical and practical effects on the theory of sustainable development.