Numerical Experiment of Combined Infrared and Ultraviolet Radiation Remote Sensing to Determine the Profile and Total Content of Atmospheric Ozone

A new remote sensing method is described to determine the vertical distribution and total content of atmospheric ozone. The method combines surface infrared, satellite infrared and ultraviolet channels. The width of the infrared channels is 0.01 cm-1, less than Lorentz half-width at the earth's surface, rather than the present width, because these channels can obtain information about variations in the ozone profile below the profile main-peak. The numerical experiments show that the method has a satisfactory precision in determining total ozone content, just about I percent error, and vertical distribution from the earth to 65 km space. In addition, some semi-analysis functions lor calculating backscattered ultraviolet and a relaxation equation are described in this paper.

Effects of alloying elements on nitrogen diffusion behavior around TiN/Ti interface α region in as-cast titanium alloys

To characterize the effects of alloying elements on inclusion dissolution of titanium nitride, the content profiles of elements around TiN/Ti boundary α phase regions in liquid titanium alloys have been experimentally carried out. Four kinds of commercial alloys of CpTi, Ti64, Ti17 and Ti6242 containing different α stabilizing or β stabilizing elements are examined through artificially embedding the TiN sponge particle into liquid alloys in VAR conditions. The content profiles of nitrogen and alloying elements around TiN/Ti boundary were measured by WDX and microprobe for as cast samples. The content profiles of nitrogen and alloying elements around N containing solid in α Ti region of these alloys show a common features of a steep change. In particular, the content profiles of elements for Ti6242 demonstrate unique change of a more gentle change tendency and further deeper into the alloy matrix. The experiment results show that, the differences among composite effects of alloying elements in different alloys within nitrogen induced diffusion α region result in different dissolution and diffusion behaviors to overcome the α phase region barriers.

CSES GNSS ionospheric inversion technique, validation and error analysis

With the increased number of low Earth orbit(LEO) satellites equipped with global navigation satellite system(GNSS) receiver,the LEO based GNSS slant total electron content(TEC) and electron density profile(EDP) data play an increasingly important role in space weather and ionospheric research due to improved global coverage. China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES), which was launched in February 2018, is equipped with GNSS receiver for either precise orbit determination(POD) and ionospheric inversion. The purpose of the present paper is to validate CSES GNSS ionospheric inversion technique based on the real observations and verify the accuracy of TEC and EDP retrieval based on the simulated data. The following conclusions can be drawn: the epoch difference inversion(EDI) derived from CSES can successfully retrieve the EDPs without non-occultation side measurements; the technique of EDI and the calibrated TEC inversion(CTI) have similar behaviors in inversion errors,however, the retrieved Nm F2 and hm F2 have a larger systematic error surrounding the equatorial ionization anomaly(EIA)where the assumption of spherical symmetry is often invalid; the precision and accuracy of retrieved TEC have been investigated in the paper based on the simulated data, and it is found that the accuracy of the retrieved TEC is relative to solar activity: the lower the F10.7 index, the higher the accuracy of retrieved TEC.