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P&T-Inf: A Result Inference Method for Context-Sensitive Tasks in Crowdsourcing
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作者 Zhifang Liao Hao Gu +2 位作者 Shichao Zhang Ronghui Mo Yan Zhang 《Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing》 SCIE 2023年第7期599-618,共20页
Context-Sensitive Task(CST)is a complex task type in crowdsourc-ing,such as handwriting recognition,route plan,and audio transcription.The current result inference algorithms can perform well in simple crowd-sourcing ... Context-Sensitive Task(CST)is a complex task type in crowdsourc-ing,such as handwriting recognition,route plan,and audio transcription.The current result inference algorithms can perform well in simple crowd-sourcing tasks,but cannot obtain high-quality inference results for CSTs.The conventional method to solve CSTs is to divide a CST into multiple independent simple subtasks for crowdsourcing,but this method ignores the context correlation among subtasks and reduces the quality of result inference.To solve this problem,we propose a result inference algorithm based on the Partially ordered set and Tree augmented naive Bayes Infer(P&T-Inf)for CSTs.Firstly,we screen the candidate results of context-sensitive tasks based on the partially ordered set.If there are parallel candidate sets,the conditional mutual information among subtasks containing context infor-mation in external knowledge(such as Google n-gram corpus,American Contemporary English corpus,etc.)will be calculated.Combined with the tree augmented naive(TAN)Bayes model,the maximum weighted spanning tree is used to model the dependencies among subtasks in each CST.We collect two crowdsourcing datasets of handwriting recognition tasks and audio transcription tasks from the real crowdsourcing platform.The experimental results show that our approach improves the quality of result inference in CSTs and reduces the time cost compared with the latest methods. 展开更多
关键词 Crowdsourcing result inference tree augmented naive Bayes context-sensitive
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Investigation of the block toppling evolution of a layered model slope by centrifuge test and discrete element modeling 被引量:1
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作者 Leilei Jin Hongkai Dong +3 位作者 Fei Ye Yufeng Wei Jianfeng Liu Changkui Wang 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期112-122,共11页
Primary toppling usually occurs in layered rock slopes with large anti-dip angles.In this paper,the block toppling evolution was explored using a large-scale centrifuge system.Each block column in the layered model sl... Primary toppling usually occurs in layered rock slopes with large anti-dip angles.In this paper,the block toppling evolution was explored using a large-scale centrifuge system.Each block column in the layered model slope was made of cement mortar.Some artificial cracks perpendicular to the block column were prefabricated.Strain gages,displacement gages,and high-speed camera measurements were employed to monitor the deformation and failure processes of the model slope.The centrifuge test results show that the block toppling evolution can be divided into seven stages,i.e.layer compression,formation of major tensile crack,reverse bending of the block column,closure of major tensile crack,strong bending of the block column,formation of failure zone,and complete failure.Block toppling is characterized by sudden large deformation and occurs in stages.The wedge-shaped cracks in the model incline towards the slope.Experimental observations show that block toppling is mainly caused by bending failure rather than by shear failure.The tensile strength also plays a key factor in the evolution of block toppling.The simulation results from discrete element method(DEM)is in line with the testing results.Tensile stress exists at the backside of rock column during toppling deformation.Stress concentration results in the fragmented rock column and its degree is the most significant at the slope toe. 展开更多
关键词 Block toppling CENTRIFUGE Anti-dip slope Failure mechanism Discrete element method
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Genesis of the Nuri Cu-W-Mo Deposit,Tibet,China:Constraints from in situ Trace Elements and Sr Isotopic Analysis of Scheelite 被引量:1
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作者 WANG Yiyun WU Zhishan +8 位作者 CHEN Wenqing DU Qing’an TANG Liwei SHI Hongzhao MA Guotao ZHANG Zhi LIANG Wei WU Bo MIAO Hengyi 《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期117-131,共15页
The Nuri deposit is the only Cu-W-Mo polymetallic deposit with large-scale WO3 resources in the eastern section of the Gangdese metallogenic belt,Tibet,China.However,the genetic type of this deposit has been controver... The Nuri deposit is the only Cu-W-Mo polymetallic deposit with large-scale WO3 resources in the eastern section of the Gangdese metallogenic belt,Tibet,China.However,the genetic type of this deposit has been controversial since its discovery.Based on a study of the geological characteristics of the deposit,this study presents mineralization stages,focusing on the oxide stage and the quartz-sulfide stage where scheelite is mainly formed,referred to as Sch-A and Sch-B,respectively.Through LA-ICP-MS trace element and Sr isotope analyses,the origin,evolutionary process of the oreforming fluid and genesis of the ore deposit are investigated.Scanning Electron Microscope-Cathodoluminescence(SEMCL)observations reveal that Sch-A consists of three generations,with dark gray homogenous Sch-A1 being replaced by relatively lighter and homogeneous Sch-A2 and Sch-A3,with Sch-A2 displaying a gray CL image color with vague and uneven growth bands and Sch-A3 has a light gray CL image color with hardly any growth band.In contrast,Sch-B exhibits a‘core-rim’structure,with the core part(Sch-B1)being dark gray and displaying a uniform growth band,while the rim part(Sch-B2)is light gray and homogeneous.The normalized distribution pattern of rare earth elements in scheelite and Sr isotope data suggest that the early ore-forming fluid in the Nuri deposit originated from granodiorite porphyry and,later on,some country rock material was mixed in,due to strong water-rock interaction.Combining the O-H isotope data further indicates that the ore-forming fluid in the Nuri deposit originated from magmatic-hydrothermal sources,with contributions from metamorphic water caused by water-rock interaction during the mineralization process,as well as later meteoric water.The intense water-rock interaction likely played a crucial role in the precipitation of scheelite,leading to varying Eu anomalies in different generations of scheelite from the oxide stage to the quartz-sulfide stage,while also causing a gradual decrease in oxygen fugacity(fO2)and a slow rise in pH value.Additionally,the high Mo and low Sr contents in the scheelite are consistent with typical characteristics of magmatic-hydrothermal scheelite.Therefore,considering the geological features of the deposit,the geochemical characteristics of scheelite and the O-H isotope data published previously,it can be concluded that the genesis of the Nuri deposit belongs to porphyry-skarn deposit. 展开更多
关键词 trace elements in situ Sr isotopes tungsten mineralization Gangdese metallogenic belt TIBET
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Method to measure tree-ring width,density,elemental composition,and stable carbon and oxygen isotopes using one sample 被引量:1
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作者 Chenxi Xu Yaru Zhao +4 位作者 Wenling An Qingyu Zhao Yucheng Liu Masaki Sano Takeshi Nakatsuka 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期167-174,共8页
Tree-ring width(RW),density,elemental com-position,and stable carbon and oxygen isotope(δ^(13)C,δ^(18)O)are widely used as proxies to assess climate change,ecology,and environmental pollution;however,a specific pret... Tree-ring width(RW),density,elemental com-position,and stable carbon and oxygen isotope(δ^(13)C,δ^(18)O)are widely used as proxies to assess climate change,ecology,and environmental pollution;however,a specific pretreat-ment has been needed for each proxy.Here,we developed a method by which each proxy can be measured in the same sample.First,the sample is polished for ring width meas-urement.After obtaining the ring width data,the sample is cut to form a 1-mm-thick wood plate.The sample is then mounted in a vertical sample holder,and gradually scanned by an X-ray beam.Simultaneously,the count rates of the fluorescent photons of elements(for chemical characteriza-tion)and a radiographic grayscale image(for wood density)are obtained,i.e.the density and the element content are obtained.Then,cellulose is isolated from the 1-mm wood plate by removal of lignin,and hemicellulose.After producing this cellulose plate,cellulose subsamples are separated by knife under the microscope for inter-annual and intra-annual stable carbon and oxygen isotope(δ^(13)C,δ^(18)O)analysis.Based on this method,RW,density,elemental composition,δ^(13)C,and δ^(18)O can be measured from the same sample,which reduces sample amount and treatment time,and is helpful for multi-proxy comparison and combination research. 展开更多
关键词 Tree-ring width Tree-ring density Tree-ring elemental composition Tree-ring stable carbon and oxygenisotopes
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A stable implicit nodal integration-based particle finite element method(N-PFEM)for modelling saturated soil dynamics 被引量:1
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作者 Liang Wang Xue Zhang +1 位作者 Jingjing Meng Qinghua Lei 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第6期2172-2183,共12页
In this study,we present a novel nodal integration-based particle finite element method(N-PFEM)designed for the dynamic analysis of saturated soils.Our approach incorporates the nodal integration technique into a gene... In this study,we present a novel nodal integration-based particle finite element method(N-PFEM)designed for the dynamic analysis of saturated soils.Our approach incorporates the nodal integration technique into a generalised Hellinger-Reissner(HR)variational principle,creating an implicit PFEM formulation.To mitigate the volumetric locking issue in low-order elements,we employ a node-based strain smoothing technique.By discretising field variables at the centre of smoothing cells,we achieve nodal integration over cells,eliminating the need for sophisticated mapping operations after re-meshing in the PFEM.We express the discretised governing equations as a min-max optimisation problem,which is further reformulated as a standard second-order cone programming(SOCP)problem.Stresses,pore water pressure,and displacements are simultaneously determined using the advanced primal-dual interior point method.Consequently,our numerical model offers improved accuracy for stresses and pore water pressure compared to the displacement-based PFEM formulation.Numerical experiments demonstrate that the N-PFEM efficiently captures both transient and long-term hydro-mechanical behaviour of saturated soils with high accuracy,obviating the need for stabilisation or regularisation techniques commonly employed in other nodal integration-based PFEM approaches.This work holds significant implications for the development of robust and accurate numerical tools for studying saturated soil dynamics. 展开更多
关键词 Particle finite element method Nodal integration Dynamic saturated media Second-order cone programming(SOCP)
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Paleoenvironmental Characteristics of Paleogene Lacustrine Source Rocks in the Western Bozhong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,China:Evidence from Biomarkers,Major and Trace Elements
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作者 WANG Xiang LIU Guangdi +6 位作者 SONG Zezhang SUN Mingliang WANG Xiaolin WANG Feilong CHEN Rongtao GENG Mingyang LI Yishu 《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期220-240,共21页
The organic matter(OM)enrichment mechanisms and depositional environment characteristics of lacustrine source rocks in the western Bozhong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin in Northeast China remain controversial.To address these i... The organic matter(OM)enrichment mechanisms and depositional environment characteristics of lacustrine source rocks in the western Bozhong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin in Northeast China remain controversial.To address these issues,based on Rock-Eval pyrolysis,kerogen macerals,H/C and O/C ratios,GC-MS,major and trace elements,the Dongying Formation Member(Mbr)3(E_(3)d_(3)),the Shahejie Formation mbrs 1 and 2(E_(2)s_(1+2)),and the Shahejie Mbr 3(E_(2)s_(3))source rocks in the western Bozhong Sag were studied.The above methods were used to reveal their geochemical properties,OM origins and depositional environments,all of which indicate that E_(2)s_(1+2)and E_(2)s_(3)are excellent source rocks,and that E_(3)d_(3)is of the second good quality.E_(3)d_(3)source rocks were formed under a warm and humid climate,mainly belong to fluvial/delta facies,the E_(3)d_(3)sediments formed under weakly oxidizing and freshwater conditions.Comparatively,the depositional environments of E_(2)s_(1+2)source rocks were arid and cold climate,representing saline or freshwater lacustrine facies,and the sediments of E_(2)s_(1+2)belong to anoxic or suboxic settings with large evaporation and salinity.During the period of E_(2)s_(3),the climate became warm and humid,indicating the freshwater lacustrine facies,and E_(2)s_(3)was characterized by freshwater and abundant algae.Moreover,compared with other intervals,the OM origin of E_(3)d_(3)source rocks has noticeable terrestrial input.The OM origin of the E_(2)s_(1+2)and E_(2)s_(3)are mainly plankton and bacteria.Tectonic subsidence and climate change have affected the changes of the depositional environment in the western Bozhong Sag,thus controlling the distribution of the source rocks,the geochemical characteristics in the three intervals of lacustrine source rocks have distinct differences.Overall,these factors are effective to evaluate the paleoenvironmental characteristics of source rocks by biomarkers,major and trace elements.The established models may have positive implications for research of lacustrine source rocks in offshore areas with few drillings. 展开更多
关键词 petroleum geology source rocks depositional environments biomarkers major elements trace elements Bozhong Sag
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Enriched Constant Elements in the Boundary Element Method for Solving 2D Acoustic Problems at Higher Frequencies
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作者 Zonglin Li Zhenyu Gao Yijun Liu 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第3期2159-2175,共17页
The boundary element method(BEM)is a popular method for solving acoustic wave propagation problems,especially those in exterior domains,owing to its ease in handling radiation conditions at infinity.However,BEM models... The boundary element method(BEM)is a popular method for solving acoustic wave propagation problems,especially those in exterior domains,owing to its ease in handling radiation conditions at infinity.However,BEM models must meet the requirement of 6–10 elements per wavelength,using the conventional constant,linear,or quadratic elements.Therefore,a large storage size of memory and long solution time are often needed in solving higher-frequency problems.In this work,we propose two new types of enriched elements based on conventional constant boundary elements to improve the computational efficiency of the 2D acoustic BEM.The first one uses a plane wave expansion,which can be used to model scattering problems.The second one uses a special plane wave expansion,which can be used tomodel radiation problems.Five examples are investigated to showthe advantages of the enriched elements.Compared with the conventional constant elements,the new enriched elements can deliver results with the same accuracy and in less computational time.This improvement in the computational efficiency is more evident at higher frequencies(with the nondimensional wave numbers exceeding 100).The paper concludes with the potential of our proposed enriched elements and plans for their further improvement. 展开更多
关键词 Enriched boundary elements constant elements 2D acoustic problems higher frequency
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Effect of Rare-Earth Element Substitution in Superconducting R_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7) under Pressure
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作者 Zhiming Pan Chen Lu +1 位作者 Fan Yang Congjun Wu 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期77-81,共5页
Recently,high temperature(T_(c)≈80 K)superconductivity(SC)has been discovered in La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)(LNO)under pressure.This raises the question of whether the superconducting transition temperature T_(c) could be furt... Recently,high temperature(T_(c)≈80 K)superconductivity(SC)has been discovered in La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)(LNO)under pressure.This raises the question of whether the superconducting transition temperature T_(c) could be further enhanced under suitable conditions.One possible route for achieving higher T_(c) is element substitution.Similar SC could appear in the Fmmm phase of rare-earth(RE)R_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)(RNO,R=RE element)material series under suitable pressure.The electronic properties in the RNO materials are dominated by the Ni 3d orbitals in the bilayer NiO_(2) plane.In the strong coupling limit,the SC could be fully characterized by a bilayer single 3d_(x^(2)−y^(2))-orbital t–J‖–J⊥ model.With RE element substitution from La to other RE element,the lattice constant of the Fmmm RNO material decreases,and the resultant electronic hopping integral increases,leading to stronger superexchanges between the 3d_(x^(2)−y^(2)) orbitals.Based on the slave-boson mean-field theory,we explore the pairing nature and the evolution of T_(c) in RNO materials under pressure.Consequently,it is found that the element substitution does not alter the pairing nature,i.e.,the inter-layer s-wave pairing is always favored in the superconducting RNO under pressure.However,the T_(c) increases from La to Sm,and a nearly doubled T_(c) could be realized in SmNO under pressure.This work provides evidence for possible higher T_(c) R_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7) materials,which may be realized in further experiments. 展开更多
关键词 element SUBSTITUTION RARE
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Robust T_c in element molybdenum up to 160 GPa
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作者 吴新月 郭淑敏 +8 位作者 郭鉴宁 陈诉 王煜龙 张可欣 朱程程 刘晨晨 黄晓丽 段德芳 崔田 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期188-193,共6页
Element superconductors with the single atoms provide clean and fundamental platforms for studying superconductivity.Although elements with d electrons are usually not favored by conventional BCS,the record supercondu... Element superconductors with the single atoms provide clean and fundamental platforms for studying superconductivity.Although elements with d electrons are usually not favored by conventional BCS,the record superconducting critical temperature(T_(c))in element scandium(S_(c))has further ignited the intensive attention on transition metals.The element molybdenum(M_o)with a half-full d-orbital is studied in our work,which fills the gap in the study of Mo under high pressure and investigates the pressure dependence of superconductivity.In this work,we exhibit a robust superconductivity of Mo in the pressure range of 5 GPa to 160 GPa via high-pressure electrical transport measurements,the T_(c) varies at a rate of0.013 K/GPa to 8.56 K at 160 GPa.Moreover,the superconductivity is evidenced by the T_(c) shifting to lower temperature under applied magnetic fields,and the upper critical magnetic fields are extrapolated by the WHH equation and GL equation;the results indicate that the maximum upper critical magnetic field is estimated to be 8.24 T at 137 GPa.We further investigate the superconducting mechanism of Mo,the theoretical calculations indicate that the superconductivity can be attributed to the strong coupling between the electrons from the partially filled d band and the phonons from the frequency zone of 200-400 cm^(-1). 展开更多
关键词 MOLYBDENUM element superconductor high pressure SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
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Galerkin-based quasi-smooth manifold element(QSME)method for anisotropic heat conduction problems in composites with complex geometry
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作者 Pan WANG Xiangcheng HAN +2 位作者 Weibin WEN Baolin WANG Jun LIANG 《Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition)》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第1期137-154,共18页
The accurate and efficient analysis of anisotropic heat conduction problems in complex composites is crucial for structural design and performance evaluation. Traditional numerical methods, such as the finite element ... The accurate and efficient analysis of anisotropic heat conduction problems in complex composites is crucial for structural design and performance evaluation. Traditional numerical methods, such as the finite element method(FEM), often face a trade-off between calculation accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, we propose a quasi-smooth manifold element(QSME) method to address this challenge, and provide the accurate and efficient analysis of two-dimensional(2D) anisotropic heat conduction problems in composites with complex geometry. The QSME approach achieves high calculation precision by a high-order local approximation that ensures the first-order derivative continuity.The results demonstrate that the QSME method is robust and stable, offering both high accuracy and efficiency in the heat conduction analysis. With the same degrees of freedom(DOFs), the QSME method can achieve at least an order of magnitude higher calculation accuracy than the traditional FEM. Additionally, under the same level of calculation error, the QSME method requires 10 times fewer DOFs than the traditional FEM. The versatility of the proposed QSME method extends beyond anisotropic heat conduction problems in complex composites. The proposed QSME method can also be applied to other problems, including fluid flows, mechanical analyses, and other multi-field coupled problems, providing accurate and efficient numerical simulations. 展开更多
关键词 anisotropic heat conduction quasi-smooth manifold element(QSME) composite with complex geometry numerical simulation finite element method(FEM)
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Features of rare earth elements geochemistry in coals of Central Kazakhstan
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作者 Aiman Nygmetovna Kopobayeva Altynay Amangeldikyzy +1 位作者 Gulim Galymzhanovna Blyalova Nazym Srajadinkyzy Askarova 《Acta Geochimica》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期876-888,共13页
This research presents the results of a comprehensive study of mineralogical and geochemical features of REE distribution in coals of Central Kazakhstan deposits—Karaganda coal basin and Shubarkol deposit,which have ... This research presents the results of a comprehensive study of mineralogical and geochemical features of REE distribution in coals of Central Kazakhstan deposits—Karaganda coal basin and Shubarkol deposit,which have large hard coal reserves and are industrially important for the coal industry of Kazakhstan;the research is based on 205 samples of clayey interlayers and coal seams.It shows basic patterns of distribution and features of concentration for impurity elements,gives an estimate of the impurity elements concentration,including REE,defines conditions and factors of their accumulation,and studies features of their forms in coal and coal-bearing rocks,which allows estimating the mechanisms of their migration and conditions of accumulation.According to the results of geochemical indicators,the article establishes the factors of REE dislocation,reveals the composition of margin rocks that have influenced REE concentration in coal seams,and the presented latest data on mineralogy allowed to establish the ways of their transportation to the paleobasin during the synand epigenetic periods of formation of the coal deposits of Central Kazakhstan being researched.It was found that the coals are insignificantly enriched with heavy lanthanides from Ho to Lu.The distribution curves of UCC normalized REE values in the coals are similar and coincide,but they are less than the average value for world coal,and amount to only one-third of the UCC.It was found that the highest concentrations of all REE are characteristic of clayey interlayers and oxidized coals.The La/Yb ratio in this case increases upwards along the section,indicating mainly clastogenic mechanism of REE delivery to the coals.In coal and clay samples,the predominant mineral form of REE is light lanthanide phosphates.Identified particles of REE from minerals and their composition peculiarities suppose autigene nature of their formation.The formation of the bulk of autigene minerals occurred during the maturation of brown coals and their transformation into hard ones. 展开更多
关键词 Coal REE Impurity elements Accumulation conditions Concentration factors
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Trace elements in magmatic and hydrothermal quartz:Implications on the genesis of the Xingluokeng Tungsten Deposit,South China
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作者 Qing-Qing Zhang You-Wei Chen Jian-Feng Gao 《Acta Geochimica》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期441-458,共18页
The Xingluokeng deposit is the largest gran-ite-related tungsten deposit within the Wuyi metallogenic belt in South China.The Xingluokeng intrusion primarily consists of porphyritic biotite granite,biotite granite,and... The Xingluokeng deposit is the largest gran-ite-related tungsten deposit within the Wuyi metallogenic belt in South China.The Xingluokeng intrusion primarily consists of porphyritic biotite granite,biotite granite,andfine-grained granite.The deposit is represented by veinlet-disseminated mineralization with K-feldspathization and biotitization,alongside quartz-vein mineralization with gre-isenization and sericitization.This study investigates in-situ analyses of quartz compositions from both the intrusion and hydrothermal veinlets and veins.Trace element correlations indicate that trivalent Al^(3+)and Fe^(3+)replace Si^(4+)within the quartz lattice,with monovalent cations(such as Li^(+),Na^(+),and K^(+))primarily serving as charge compensators.Low Ge/Al ratios(<0.013)of quartz from granites suggest a mag-matic origin.The low Al/Ti and Ge/Ti ratios,accompanied by high Ti contents in quartz,suggest that the porphyritic biotite granite and biotite granite are characterized by rela-tively low levels of differentiation and high crystallization temperatures.In contrast,thefine-grained granite exhibits a higher degree of fractionation,lower crystallization tem-peratures,and a closer association with tungsten miner-alization.Ti contents in quartz from quartz veins indicate Qz-Ⅰformed at temperatures above 400°C,while Qz-Ⅱto Qz-Ⅴformed at temperatures below 350°C.Variations in different generations of quartz,as indicated by Al content and(Al+Fe)/(Li+Na+K)ratio,suggest that Qz-Ⅰprecipi-tated from a less acidicfluid with a stable pH,whereas Qz-Ⅱto Qz-Ⅴoriginated from a more acidicfluid with notable pH variations.Consequently,alkaline alteration and acidic alteration supplied the essential Ca and Fe for the precipita-tion of scheelite and wolframite,respectively,highlighting a critical mechanism in tungsten mineralization at the Xin-gluokeng deposit. 展开更多
关键词 QUARTZ Xingluokeng Tungsten deposit Trace elements South China
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Distribution, health and ecological risk assessments of trace elements in Nigerian oil sands
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作者 Odunayo T.Ore Festus M.Adebiyi 《Acta Geochimica》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期59-71,共13页
The Nigerian oil sands represent the largest oil sand deposit in Africa, yet there is little published information on the distribution and potential health and ecological risks of trace elements in the oil resource. I... The Nigerian oil sands represent the largest oil sand deposit in Africa, yet there is little published information on the distribution and potential health and ecological risks of trace elements in the oil resource. In the present study, we investigated the distribution pattern of 18trace elements(including biophile and chalcophile elements) as well as the estimated risks associated with exposure to these elements. The results of the study indicated that Fe was the most abundant element, with a mean concentration of 22,131 mg/kg while Br had the lowest mean concentration of 48 mg/kg. The high occurrence of Fe and Ti suggested a possible occurrence of ilmenite(Fe TiO_(3)) in the oil sands. Source apportionment using positive matrix factorization showed that the possible sources of detected elements in the oil sands were geogenic, metal production, and crustal. The contamination factor, geo-accumulation index, modified degree of contamination, pollution load index, and Nemerow pollution index indicated that the oil sands are heavily polluted by the elements. Health risk assessment showed that children were relatively more susceptible to the potentially toxic elements in the oil sands principally via ingestion exposure route(HQ > 1E-04). Cancer risks from inhalation are unlikely due to CR < 1E-06 but ingestion and dermal contact pose severe risks(CR > 1E-04). The high concentrations of the elements pose serious threats due to the potential for atmospheric transport, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability. 展开更多
关键词 Biophile Chalcophile Oil sand Risk assessment Trace element
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Element UI中利用Upload控件实现文件上传的方法
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作者 贾峰 《电脑编程技巧与维护》 2024年第10期143-145,共3页
为了介绍如何利用Element UI中的Upload控件上传图片,以发微博功能举例,描述了反向代理服务器在图片上传过程中的作用,列举了包括全局配置文件、上传图片或删除图片、保存图片路径等步骤,并对单张图片上传功能进行说明。采用多张图片路... 为了介绍如何利用Element UI中的Upload控件上传图片,以发微博功能举例,描述了反向代理服务器在图片上传过程中的作用,列举了包括全局配置文件、上传图片或删除图片、保存图片路径等步骤,并对单张图片上传功能进行说明。采用多张图片路径合并成字符串的方式来保存数据,以便更加有效地储存、读取图片信息。 展开更多
关键词 Vue框架 element UI框架 文件上传 反向代理
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Effects of heating temperature and atmosphere on element distribution and microstructure in high-Mn/Al austenitic low-density steel
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作者 Qi Zhang Guanghui Chen +2 位作者 Yuemeng Zhu Zhengliang Xue Guang Xu 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第12期2670-2680,共11页
The elemental distribution and microstructure near the surface of high-Mn/Al austenitic low-density steel were investigated after isothermal holding at temperatures of 900-1200℃ in different atmospheres,including air... The elemental distribution and microstructure near the surface of high-Mn/Al austenitic low-density steel were investigated after isothermal holding at temperatures of 900-1200℃ in different atmospheres,including air,N2,and N_(2)+CO_(2).No ferrite was formed near the surface of the experimental steel during isothermal holding at 900 and 1000℃ in air,while ferrite was formed near the steel sur-face at holding temperatures of 1100 and 1200℃.The ferrite fraction was larger at 1200℃ because more C and Mn diffused to the sur-face,exuded from the steel,and then reacted with N and O to form oxidation products.The thickness of the compound scale increased owing to the higher diffusion rate at higher temperatures.In addition,after isothermal holding at 1100℃ in N2,the Al content near the surface slightly decreased,while the C and Mn contents did not change.Therefore,no ferrite was formed near the surface.However,the near-surface C and Al contents decreased after holding at 1100℃in the N_(2)+CO_(2)mixed atmosphere,resulting in the formation of a small amount of ferrite.The compound scale was thickest in N2,followed by the N_(2)+CO_(2)mixed atmosphere,and thinnest in air.Overall,the element loss and ferrite fraction were largest after holding in air at the same temperature.The differences in element loss and ferrite frac-tion between in N2 and N_(2)+CO_(2)atmospheres were small,but the compound scale formed in N2 was significantly thicker.According to these results,N_(2)+CO_(2)is the ideal heating atmosphere for the industrial production of high-Mn/Al austenitic low-density steel. 展开更多
关键词 low-density steel oxidation MICROSTRUCTURE element distribution compound scale
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Electromagnetic responses on microstructures of duplex stainless steels based on 3D cellular and electromagnetic sensor finite element models
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作者 Shuaishuai Xiao Jialong Shen +3 位作者 Jianing Zhao Jie Fang Caiyu Liang Lei Zhou 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第12期2681-2691,共11页
Microstructures determine mechanical properties of steels,but in actual steel product process it is difficult to accurately control the microstructure to meet the requirements.General microstructure characterization m... Microstructures determine mechanical properties of steels,but in actual steel product process it is difficult to accurately control the microstructure to meet the requirements.General microstructure characterization methods are time consuming and results are not rep-resentative for overall quality level as only a fraction of steel sample was selected to be examined.In this paper,a macro and micro coupled 3D model was developed for nondestructively characterization of steel microstructures.For electromagnetic signals analysis,the relative permeability value computed by the micro cellular model can be used in the macro electromagnetic sensor model.The effects of different microstructure components on the relative permeability of duplex stainless steel(grain size,phase fraction,and phase distribu-tion)were discussed.The output inductance of an electromagnetic sensor was determined by relative permeability values and can be val-idated experimentally.The findings indicate that the inductance value of an electromagnetic sensor at low frequency can distinguish dif-ferent microstructures.This method can be applied to real-time on-line characterize steel microstructures in process of steel rolling. 展开更多
关键词 MICROSTRUCTURE electromagnetic sensor finite element duplex stainless steel
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THE SUPERCLOSENESS OF THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR A SINGULARLY PERTURBED CONVECTION-DIFFUSION PROBLEM ON A BAKHVALOV-TYPE MESH IN 2D
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作者 Chunxiao ZHANG Jin ZHANG 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第4期1572-1593,共22页
For singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problems,supercloseness analysis of the finite element method is still open on Bakhvalov-type meshes,especially in the case of 2D.The difficulties arise from the width of ... For singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problems,supercloseness analysis of the finite element method is still open on Bakhvalov-type meshes,especially in the case of 2D.The difficulties arise from the width of the mesh in the layer adjacent to the transition point,resulting in a suboptimal estimate for convergence.Existing analysis techniques cannot handle these difficulties well.To fill this gap,here a novel interpolation is designed delicately for the smooth part of the solution,bringing about the optimal supercloseness result of almost order 2 under an energy norm for the finite element method.Our theoretical result is uniform in the singular perturbation parameterεand is supported by the numerical experiments. 展开更多
关键词 singularly perturbed CONVECTION-DIFFUSION finite element method SUPERCLOSENESS Bakhvalov-type mesh
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Mobility of Major and Trace Elements during the Bauxitization Processes in Ngaoundal Area (Adamawa Cameroon): Implication on Mining Perspectives
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作者 André Sini Harouna Boukari +4 位作者 Ondoa Augustin Désiré Balla Djetenbe Beral Salomon Wangmené Awé Simon Djakba Basga Jean Pierre Nguetnkam 《Open Journal of Geology》 CAS 2024年第1期81-100,共20页
This study was focused to assess major and trace elements in bauxitic duricrusts from Ngaoundal and its surroundings in order to establish their mining interest. To this end, fieldworks, mineralogical and geochemical ... This study was focused to assess major and trace elements in bauxitic duricrusts from Ngaoundal and its surroundings in order to establish their mining interest. To this end, fieldworks, mineralogical and geochemical analyses were carried out. Four facies of duricrust were identified and characterized from the summit to the top of the slope of the Ngaoundal mountain: scoriaceous, pisolitic, nodular and massive. Mineralogical and geochemical analyses performed on 16 samples, revealed a significant concentration of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> mainly in the scoriaceous facies (over 45% in grade), moderate in Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (averaging 23.69%) and SiO<sub>2</sub> (averaging 21.7%). Trace elements were generally low, excluding Cr (421 ppm on average), Zr (327 ppm on average and V (213 ppm on average). In addition, the limited quantities of alkalis (Na<sub>2</sub>O, K<sub>2</sub>O) and alkaline earths metals (MgO, CaO) coupled with the very high values of Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) and Mineralogical Index of Alteration (MIA), (more than 99%) attest to the intense weathering of the studied materials. Allitization and monosiallitization constituted the crystallochemical phenomena that have led to the development of bauxitic minerals. More than 90% of gibbsite in scoriaceous facies, 52.21% - 76.01% of kaolinite in pisolitic facies and more than 40% of hematite in nodular facies were quantified. The relationships between the constitutive components indicated their interdependency during the bauxitization phenomenon. The mineralogical and geochemical properties highlighted the mining interest of the studied duricrusts to be valorized. 展开更多
关键词 Duricrust Bauxitization Phenomenon Mineralogical and Geochemical Characterization Major and Trace elements Mining Potential
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Multi-Elemental Analysis and 2D Image Mapping within Roots, Leaves and Seeds from O. glaberrima Rice Plants Using Micro-PIXE Technique
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作者 Alassane Traore Anna Ndiaye +6 位作者 Christopher Bongani Mtshali Manneh Baboucarr Jean Paul Latyr Faye Daouda Mbodj Kandiaba Traore Tapha Gueye Ababacar Sadikhe Ndao 《World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》 CAS 2024年第2期97-106,共10页
Understanding metal accumulation at organ level in roots, leaves and seeds in O. glaberrima (OG) is crucial for improving physiological and metabolic aspects in growing Asian and African rice in salted areas. The micr... Understanding metal accumulation at organ level in roots, leaves and seeds in O. glaberrima (OG) is crucial for improving physiological and metabolic aspects in growing Asian and African rice in salted areas. The micro-analytical imaging techniques are required to reveal its accumulation and distribution within plant tissues. PIXE studies have been performed to determine different elements in rice plants. The existing microbeam analytical technique at the iThemba LABS will be applied for the 2D image mapping of fresh rice tissues to perform a concentration of low atomic mass elements (such as Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Br, Zn and K) with detection limits of typically 1-10 μg/g. Comparison of the distribution of the elements between leaves, root and seed samples using uptake and distribution of elements in particular environmental conditions with potential amount of salt in water have been performed. We are also expecting to indicate metal exclusion as salt tolerance strategies from leaves, root, and seed compartments using matrix correlation between samples and between elements on rice species. 展开更多
关键词 PIXE 2D Mapping Rice Concentration elemental Analysis
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Pig H3K4me3,H3K27ac,and gene expression profiles reveal reproductive tissue-specific activity of transposable elements
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作者 Tao Jiang Zhi-Min Zhou +6 位作者 Zi-Qi Ling Qing Zhang Zhong-Zi Wu Jia-Wen Yang Si-Yu Yang Bin Yang Lu-Sheng Huang 《Zoological Research》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期138-151,共14页
Regulatory sequences and transposable elements(TEs)account for a large proportion of the genomic sequences of species;however,their roles in gene transcription,especially tissue-specific expression,remain largely unkn... Regulatory sequences and transposable elements(TEs)account for a large proportion of the genomic sequences of species;however,their roles in gene transcription,especially tissue-specific expression,remain largely unknown.Pigs serve as an excellent animal model for studying genomic sequence biology due to the extensive diversity among their wild and domesticated populations.Here,we conducted an integrated analysis using H3K27ac ChIP-seq,H3K4me3 ChIP-seq,and RNA-seq data from 10 different tissues of seven fetuses and eight closely related adult pigs.We aimed to annotate the regulatory elements and TEs to elucidate their associations with histone modifications and mRNA expression across different tissues and developmental stages.Based on correlation analysis between mRNA expression and H3K27ac and H3K4me3 peak activity,results indicated that H3K27ac exhibited stronger associations with gene expression than H3K4me3.Furthermore,1.45%of TEs overlapped with either the H3K27ac or H3K4me3 peaks,with the majority displaying tissue-specific activity.Notably,a TE subfamily(LTR4C_SS),containing binding motifs for SIX1 and SIX4,showed specific enrichment in the H3K27ac peaks of the adult and fetal ovaries.RNA-seq analysis also revealed widespread expression of TEs in the exons or promoters of genes,including 4688 TE-containing transcripts with distinct development stage-specific and tissue-specific expression.Of note,1967 TE-containing transcripts were enriched in the testes.We identified a long terminal repeat(LTR),MLT1F1,acting as a testis-specific alternative promoter in SRPK2(a cell cycle-related protein kinase)in our pig dataset.This element was also conserved in humans and mice,suggesting either an ancient integration of TEs in genes specifically expressed in the testes or parallel evolutionary patterns.Collectively,our findings demonstrate that TEs are deeply embedded in the genome and exhibit important tissue-specific biological functions,particularly in the reproductive organs. 展开更多
关键词 Transposable elements PORCINE Histone modification Alternative promoter TE-containing transcript
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