Pragmatic Analysis of Irony:An Adaptation approach

By adopting the linguistic adaptation model in particular,irony is pragmatically analyzed as adaptation to the physical,social and mental elements in language use and language interpretation.Meanwhile the adaptation is processed dynamically,and the medium of adaptation is salience.

An Analysis of Pragmatic Failure in Intercultural Communication

With the globalization of the world economy,intercultural communication is becoming more and more important.In China,more and more people learn English,Even though they have little difficulty in understanding the literal meaning of utterances when confronted with authentic communication situations,they may not interpret the utterances correctly,or express themselves appropriately.The problem of pragmatic failure has been holding an important position in the study of intercultural communication.In this paper I will mainly analyze the phenomena of pragmatic failure in senior middle school students'daily conversations in intercultural communication,and discuss the nature and causes of pragmatic failure in intercultural communication situations.After we gain a better understanding of the phenomena,recommendations will be made on how to avoid pragmatic failure,and to increase intercultural communicative competence in English.

A Pragmatic Analysis of the Negative Transfer in Chinese EFL Learners

This paper analyzes the accuracy and appropriacy of the recorded data from a group of Chinese-speaking English learners who has finished three communicative tasks set in different contexts.It also tries to find out how the participants' learning history and the present Chinese EFL context influence their performance.The results suggest that the participants rely on a limited set of request,apology,and refusal strategies.And it is evident that low-level learners often refer to their L1 for sentence constructions and lexical items.Although the evidence is still fragmentary,enough exists to indicate that transfer involving discourse can often occur in foreign language acquisition.

Towards Promotion of Pragmatic Competence:Discourse Analysis in College Writing Classes

Language acquisition is far more than targeting its surface systems including grammatical patterns, lexical meanings, set structures and the like. It is for it that a shift is naturally coming up, i.e. more and more people's increasing concern on language use in real situations. For adult learners in China, English is quite different from the mother tongue that can be acquired naturally and with ease. In the learning process, linguistic knowledge is usually taught first, and then for the purpose of grasping language skills learners' automaticization should be involved. On the ground of the fact that classroom teaching is the main channel for most college students' to have their language input, teachers' wise strategies and full use of classrooms are quite essential for their language intake and general level as a whole. To enhance students' pragmatic competence, i.e. the ability to apply language flexibly and appropriately, this paper tries to find a way out in view of this concept, namely, the promotion of pragmatic competence by discourse analysis in writing classes.

Aspect-Based Sentiment Classification Using Deep Learning and Hybrid of Word Embedding and Contextual Position

Aspect-based sentiment analysis aims to detect and classify the sentiment polarities as negative,positive,or neutral while associating them with their identified aspects from the corresponding context.In this regard,prior methodologies widely utilize either word embedding or tree-based rep-resentations.Meanwhile,the separate use of those deep features such as word embedding and tree-based dependencies has become a significant cause of information loss.Generally,word embedding preserves the syntactic and semantic relations between a couple of terms lying in a sentence.Besides,the tree-based structure conserves the grammatical and logical dependencies of context.In addition,the sentence-oriented word position describes a critical factor that influences the contextual information of a targeted sentence.Therefore,knowledge of the position-oriented information of words in a sentence has been considered significant.In this study,we propose to use word embedding,tree-based representation,and contextual position information in combination to evaluate whether their combination will improve the result’s effectiveness or not.In the meantime,their joint utilization enhances the accurate identification and extraction of targeted aspect terms,which also influences their classification process.In this research paper,we propose a method named Attention Based Multi-Channel Convolutional Neural Net-work(Att-MC-CNN)that jointly utilizes these three deep features such as word embedding with tree-based structure and contextual position informa-tion.These three parameters deliver to Multi-Channel Convolutional Neural Network(MC-CNN)that identifies and extracts the potential terms and classifies their polarities.In addition,these terms have been further filtered with the attention mechanism,which determines the most significant words.The empirical analysis proves the proposed approach’s effectiveness compared to existing techniques when evaluated on standard datasets.The experimental results represent our approach outperforms in the F1 measure with an overall achievement of 94%in identifying aspects and 92%in the task of sentiment classification.

近十年国外语用学研究综述——对Journal of Pragmatics十年(2005—2014)所刊文章的统计分析

文章首先对Journal of Pragmatics(2005—2014年)所刊文章进行了全面的统计描述;其次从实证研究和非实证研究的角度统计分析了十年来该期刊所有的语用学文章;然后依据权威分类将语用学研究分为十三大类,即互动语用学、话语语用学、社会语用学、实验语用学、语料库语用学、认知语用学、语法与语用学、语用学与哲学、语言习得与语用学、跨文化语用学、网络语用学、翻译与语用学和文学语用学,并在此基础上对语用学文章进行了归类;最后细致梳理和综述了十三大类中十年发文量达到100以上的语用学研究文章。

Spoken Discourse Analysis

A number of approaches have been developed to analyze spoken discourse,based on different theoretical perspectives.Iwould classify the approaches into two categories according to their attitudes toward the nature of spoken discourse in this essay.The first group regards spoken discourse in a more static point of view,while the second one takes more consideration of the dynam-ic nature of it.

A Research on the Improvement of Pragmatic Competence in College English Teaching

A core issue in foreign language teaching is to foster actual competence of language learners to practically utilize language, which is called pragmatic competence. But compared with traditional linguistic competence, the levels of their pragmatic competence need to be further understood. Thus it is essential to make an investigation into this. From the investigation results it is expected to reveal from which aspects teachers and students should carry on in order to improve pragmatic competence and meet foreign language learning need in new age.

A Review of Research on Development of Interlanguage Pragmatic Competence from a Cognitive Perspective

English language learners' pragmatic competence is related to their success incross-cultural communication. Cognitive approaches, mainly the Noticing Hypothesis and Analysis/Control Model, have provided some insights into the question of how to effectively develop second language(L2) learners' pragmatic competence. Empirical studies based on cognitive theoretical constructs suggest that pragmatic activitiesthat draw learners' attention and help them control attention to relevant and appropriate information and integrate those forms in real time of communication contribute to the development of interlanguage pragmatic competence.

Discourse Markers and Pragmatic Inference

Discourse markers have been studied within the relevance theoretical framework in this paper. According to relevance theory, every act of ostensive communication communicates a presumption of its own optimal relevance. The communicator, who is aiming at optimal relevance, must direct the audience to a particular set of assumptions by using discourse markers. Whereas, from the audience＇s point of view, discourse markers can minimize his contextual assumptions in looking for relevance, thus the pragmatic inferential process will be much easier.

Integrating contextual variables in meta-analyses

Meta-analysis is an important statistical tool,and it is often used to solve clinical problems.However inevitably when conducting a meta-analysis,the included studies often have heterogeneity.This paper suggests the inclusion of relevant background data or contextual variables into the model.The contextual variables are those variables not explicitly measured in the studies included in a metaanalysis;thus,these must be very well-described and justified as parameters for analyses.

On Pragmatic Differences between English and Chinese in Social Communication Culture

Because of differences in habits and customs, logical thinking, as well as cultural values between Chinese and English,there are pragmatics differences in social greetings, thanks, banquets, invitations, and apologies language communication occasions. Thus, it is important to explore the language habits with different culture backgrounds of language communications and language features and study the pragmatic failure led by people using a foreign language because of the differences of social and cultural factors.

Genre Analysis of Online Company Profiles from Sporting Goods Brands

With the development of globalization and information technology,online company profile has been an effective commu-nication channel between companies and their target customers or clients.Online company profile,as a specific genre,has the dis-tinct features and functions in commercial activities.This study aims to do linguistic study of the constitution and the role of thesecompany profiles about sporting goods for communication on the Internet.To realize it,six company profiles have been selectedfrom the official websites of each sports company.The genre analysis of these samples is conducted from the perspective ofHasan’s Contextual Configuration(CC)and Generic Structure Potential(GSP).This thesis attempts to give the suggestions on howto compose a company profile for readers and sporting companies and the reference for the related researches in the future.

Genre and Language Feature Analysis of English Print Advertisements

This paper aims to explore the nature of English print advertisements by means of genre analysis and discussion on advertising language features from several pragmatic perspectives.It is suggested that the exquisite advertisement designs,including both rhetorical moves and the special use of language,serve the common communicative purpose of advertisements-promoting the advertised products or service.

Teaching Oral English Skills from Discourse Analysis

This paper explores teaching oral English skills from discourse analysis,,mainly cooperative principle and speech act theory.Different methods of discourse analysis can help English learners gain sociolinguistic and strategic competence in learning speaking English.

“Em”:Pragmatics Borrowing in Chinese Wechat Conversations:among Female University Students in China

The term“pragmatics borrowing”refers to a conscious use of foreign pragmatic marker within or between utterances.Distinctive pragmatics functions of using the“cross-linguistic”pragmatic markers in online conversations have become a research focus.In a sample of Wechat communication among university students,the English pragmatics marker“em”and its variations occurred frequently.By analyzing its spelling variations,placement,pragmatic meanings and functions,the study indicates that,besides using it as a hesitator,chat participants consciously use this foreign pragmatic marker as a buffer for later utterance,which is usually an apology or a request,to soften the intonation and give the addressee an impression of politeness.

面向视频数据的多模态情感分析

多模态情感分析旨在从文本、图像和音频数据中提取和整合语义信息,从而识别在线视频中说话者的情感状态。尽管多模态融合方案在此研究领域已取得一定成果,但是已有方法在处理模态间分布差异和关系知识的融合方面仍有欠缺,为此,提出一种多模态情感分析方法。设计一种多模态提示门(MPG)模块,其能够将非语言信息转换为融合文本上下文的提示,利用文本信息对非语言信号的噪声进行过滤,得到包含丰富语义信息的提示,以增强模态间的信息整合。此外,提出一种实例到标签的对比学习框架,在语义层面上区分隐空间中的不同标签以进一步优化模型输出。在3个大规模情感分析数据集上的实验结果表明,该方法的二分类精度相对次优模型提高了约0.7%,三分类精度提高了超过2.5%,达到0.671。该方法能够为将多模态情感分析引入用户画像、视频理解、AI面试等领域提供参考。

批评话语分析的认知心理学基础

进化心理学试图从人类对自然环境和社会环境适应性进化的角度阐释其思维方式与行为模式。以往批评话语分析的研究往往忽略了认知语言学和进化心理学的视角,导致在分析过程中存在一定的主观性和片面性。本文引入语用学与关联理论,并结合认知框架,试图分析这些理论在解释和解读阶段对批评话语分析的重要贡献。本文认为,认知语言学方法能够减少批评话语分析中的主观臆断性,提供更具阐释力的分析模型,从而提升话语分析的科学性和可靠性。我们认为,未来的批评话语分析应更多地关注受话者认知表征的建构,以验证进化心理学提出的心理模块或机制的合理性和有效性。

英语翻译中的语境分析与翻译方法研究

英语翻译中的语境分析是一项重要的翻译技能,能够帮助翻译人员更准确地理解源语言的意思,进而生成适合目标语言的翻译。针对英语语境的特性,探讨语境分析在英语翻译中的应用,介绍多种常见的英语翻译方法,以期为英语翻译人员提供实用的翻译技巧和方法。

基于语用分析的诈骗电话结构化模型构建

电话诈骗因类型多变而难以识别和防范,为解析诈骗电话话术,对诈骗电话进行语用分析和结构化描述。首先,明确诈骗电话的语用目标;之后,分析诈骗电话为达成语用目标需包含的要素,以及要素功能和实施方式;最后,根据分析结果构建诈骗电话的结构化模型,描述会话结构、模块功能、实施策略、模块内容等方面特征。基于言语行为适切条件,实现针对诈骗电话的结构化解析,为设计具有可解释性的诈骗电话自动识别算法提供理论基础。