Extensional tectonics and sedimentary response of the Early—Middle Cambrian passive continental margin,Tarim Basin,Northwest China

The fact that several half-grabens and normal faults developed in the Lower--Middle Cambrian of Tazhong （central Tarim Basin） and Bachu areas in Tarim Basin, northwest China, indicates that Tarim Basin was under extensional tectonic setting at this time. The half-grabens occur within a linear zone and the normal faults are arranged in en echelon patterns with gradually increasing displacement eastward. Extensional tectonics resulted in the formation of a passive continental margin in the southwest and a cratonic margin depression in the east, and most importantly, influenced the development of a three- pronged rift in the northeast margin of the Tarim Basin. The fault system controlled the development of platform -- slope -- bathyal facies sedimentation of mainly limestone-dolomite-gypsum rock-saline rock-red beds in the half-grabens. The NW-SE trending half-grabens reflect the distribution of buried basement faults.

四川盆地西部陆相碎屑岩层系演化与构造变形特征

四川盆地西部地区沉积了较厚的陆相碎屑岩,同时也是重要的勘探目的层系。根据地层平面展布特征以及剖面解释结果,并结合区域地质背景,分析了四川盆地西部陆相碎屑岩层系的演变过程及其构造变形特征。结果表明:受周缘造山带在不同时期差异隆升的影响,四川盆地陆相碎屑岩层系的沉积中心发生了有规律的迁移,从晚三叠世时的川西前陆盆地迁移至早—中侏罗世时的川东北前陆盆地;四川盆地西部地区陆相碎屑岩层系遭受了印支期、燕山期和喜山期等多期构造事件的影响,盆地属性也随之发生改变,从陆相碎屑岩层系沉积前的克拉通内裂陷盆地转变为晚三叠世早期的大陆边缘盆地,并最终演变为现今的陆内前陆盆地;四川盆地西部陆相碎屑岩层系构造变形以逆冲推覆和褶皱变形为主,兼具弱走滑作用,主要发育叠瓦冲断带、背冲断块、断层相关褶皱、飞来峰等构造样式,同时表现出一定的横向分带性,并控制了圈闭发育的分带性。

超压盆地热演化及其对油气勘探潜力的影响——以南海北部陆缘盆地为例

在南海北部陆缘盆地中,油气田分布与现今地温异常区有密切关系,该现象通常与油气藏形成过程中地下热流体活动及油气层的隔热作用有关。沉积盆地的热演化对生烃窗口的深度范围有较大影响;超压作用对镜质体的演化有抑制作用,在用EasyRo法计算镜质体反射率及热史恢复时应考虑超压作用对计算结果的影响。模拟计算表明超压抑制作用增加了生烃窗口的存在深度,扩大了油气勘探的范围。